A Flow Cytometry-Based Examination of the Mouse White Blood Cell Differential in the Context of Age and Sex.

Analysis of the white blood cell differential as part of a flow cytometry-based approach is a common routine diagnostic tool used in clinics and research. For human blood, the methodological approach, suitable markers, and gating strategies are well-established. However, there is a lack of information regarding the mouse blood count.

Impact of siRNA-Mediated Cofilin-1 Knockdown and Obesity Associated Microenvironment on the Motility of Natural Killer Cells.

The anti-tumor capacity of natural killer (NK) cells heavily relies on their ability to migrate towards their target cells. This process is based on dynamic actinrearrangement, so-called actin treadmilling, andis tightly regulated by proteins such as cofilin-1. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of cofilin-1 (CFL-1) in the migratory behavior of NK cells and to investigate a possible impact of an obesity-associated micromilieu on these cells, as it is known that obesity correlates with various impaired NK cell functions.

Open vs Minimally Invasive Resection of the First Metatarsocuneiform Joint: An Anatomical Study.

Background: The modified Lapidus arthrodesis is a standard procedure to correct middle to severe hallux valgus (HV) deformities. Recently, minimally invasive techniques of first metatarsocuneiform joint (MCJ) resection using a Shannon burr were described. The primary goal of this study is to compare the anatomical efficacy and safety of first MCJ resection using a straight 2 × 13-mm Shannon burr and minimally invasive technique (MIS) vs an open technique using an oscillating saw.

Extended arc of rotation of Latissimus Dorsi Musculocutaneous Flap providing well-vascularized tissue for reconstruction of complete defects of the sternum: An anatomical study of flap pedicle modification.

Background: Deep sternal wound infections (DSWI) following cardiothoracic surgery represent a life quality endangering sequelae and may lead to sternal osteomyelitis. Radical debridement followed by Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) may achieve infection control, provide angiogenesis, and improve respiratory function. When stable wound conditions have been established a sustainable plastic surgical flap reconstruction should be undertaken.

Health profession students' outlooks on the medical profession during the COVID-19 pandemic: a global perspective.

Background: This article summarizes a global study of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on junior health professions students' outlook on medicine. The pandemic has significantly affected health professions education. There is limited understanding of how students' pandemic experiences will affect them, and what impact these events may have on their career paths or the future of the professions.

Prenatal exposure to opioids and neurodevelopment in infancy and childhood: A systematic review.

Aim: This systematic review aims to estimate the relationship between prenatal exposure to opioids and neurodevelopmental outcomes and examines potential sources of heterogeneity between the studies.

Methods: We searched four databases through May 21st, 2022: PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo and the Web of Science according to a specified search strings. Study inclusion criteria include: (1) cohort and case-control peer-reviewed studies published in English; (2) studies comparing neurodevelopmental outcomes among children with prenatal opioid-exposure (prescribed or used non-medically) vs.

A thematic analysis of students' discussions on death and body donation in international online focus groups.

Historically, Anatomy education is an in-person discipline involving exposure to human body donors that facilitates personal and professional growth through, in part, the initiation of reflection on the topic of death. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic the decreased exposure to cadaveric anatomy for many health professions students may have influenced the depth of their individual reflections on this topic. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the effect of an alternate approach-focus group discussions between peers with varying degrees of exposure to cadaveric material-that may offer one strategy to stimulate deep reflection on the topic of death.

Fibula Nail versus Locking Plate Fixation-A Biomechanical Study.

In the treatment of ankle fractures, complications such as wound healing problems following open reduction and internal fixation are a major problem. An innovative alternative to this procedure offers a more minimally invasive nail stabilization. The purpose of this biomechanical study was to clarify whether this method was biomechanically comparable to the established method.

Fetal Development in Anatomical Preparations of Ruysch and the Meckels in Comparison.

Anatomical collections have been used for centuries for research and teaching purposes. By the example of selected preparations of fetal development from the Ruysch collection (17th-18th centuries) and the Meckel collections (18th-19th century), this article aims to trace the changing purposes, specifics and methods of creating specimens as well as the development of anatomy during that period. The selected specimens are compared and analyzed implementing the historical-critical method.

The Anatomy Course During COVID-19: The Impact of Cadaver-Based Learning on the Initiation of Reflection on Death.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person cadaveric dissection laboratories for teaching anatomy were omitted by many schools around the world. While knowledge domains can be easily evaluated via remote exams, non-traditional discipline-independent skills such as those encouraged through reflection on the topic of death are often overlooked. This study investigated how different anatomy course formats played a role in initiating students' reflections on death during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Investigation of Behavior and Plasma Levels of Corticosterone in Restrictive- and Ad Libitum-Fed Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice models are commonly used to investigate obesity-related health problems. Until now, only sparse data exist on the influence of DIO on behavior and stress hormones in mice. The present study investigates high-fat DIO with two different feeding regimes on behavioral parameters in mice.

Evaluation of the ideal length of the Seldinger needle for internal jugular vein catheter placement.

Placement of central venous catheters (CVC) into the internal jugular vein represents a routine clinical intervention. The periprocedural complication rate ranges from 5 to 20% and can be reduced by ultrasound guidance, training of residents and other measures. We aimed to proof that the average Seldinger needle is too long, increasing the risk of periprocedural injury, best epitomized in the stellate ganglion injury/irritation.

Obesity, colorectal cancer and MACC1 expression: A possible novel molecular association.

Obesity is a major and increasing public health concern, associated with an increased risk of and mortality from several types of cancer including colorectal cancer (CRC), being associated with cancer progression, metastasis and resistance to therapy. It was hypothesized that the expression of cancer/metastasis‑inducing gene metastasis‑associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) is increased in obesity, which may constitute a link to obesity‑induced cancer. The present study thus analyzed circulating cell‑free plasma MACC1 expression levels in human obese (vs.

Infants' prenatal exposure to opioids and the association with birth outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Prenatal exposure to opioids (PEO) is a worldwide public health issue. Opioids cross the placental barrier and may affect the developing foetus and the birth outcomes.

Objectives: This review aimed to explore newborns' weight, length and head circumference, preterm birth, and perinatal death as primary outcomes in relation to PEO.

The Impact of High-Fat Diet and Restrictive Feeding on Natural Killer Cells in Obese-Resistant BALB/c Mice.

The association of obesity and an increased risk for severe infections and various cancer types is well-described. Natural killer (NK) cells are circulating lymphoid cells and promoters of the immune response toward viruses and malignant cells. As demonstrated in previous studies the phenotype and functionality of NK cells is impaired in obesity.

Variability in the distance from the end of the gray matter to the end of the conus medullaris: a case-triggered histological investigation.

Objective: The background for this investigation was the dramatic course of a 14-year-old girl with a spontaneous hemorrhage in the area of the conus medullaris resulting in a complete cross-sectional syndrome with bladder and bowel dysfunction. Despite immediate surgical treatment, the patient showed close to no postoperative improvement. Subsequent histopathological examination of the removed masses revealed a cavernoma.

Minimally invasive hallux valgus correction with Internal Hallux Fixator® - A comparative cadaver study.

Background: The Internal Hallux Fixator® (IHF®; Waldemar Link, Hamburg, Germany) was designed for open surgical hallux valgus correction. It allows a defined lateralisation of the first metatarsal head after V-shaped, Chevron-like distal metatarsal osteotomy in order to correct mild to middle hallux valgus deformities. The intramedullary fixation provides dynamic compression of the osteotomy and thus postoperative full weight bearing mobilization is an integral part of the therapy.

Alternatives to Student Outbound Mobility-Improving Students' Cultural Competency Skills Online to Improve Global Health Without Travel.

Introduction: Student outbound mobility is a major element in internationalization of medical education and global health education. However, this approach is often criticized, as it is inherently inequitable. Internationalization is a newer concept that aims to provide students with international skills and experiences without exchange travel.

Initiating Students' Reflections on Life's Passing in the Anatomy Course - an International Observation at 14 Universities.

Background: Medical and dental students' feelings and thoughts about the topic of death and life's passing are often associated with learning in the gross anatomy course, when students begin working with a deceased body donor in order to study human anatomy. Little is known of whether the format of anatomy teaching has an impact on these experiences. An observational study was performed to capture the initiation of students' sentiments on the topic of life's passing during the anatomy course at 14 international universities, identify common themes regarding these thoughts, and to study the connection to variations in anatomy course formats and included elements.

Long-Term Improvement of Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation After Bariatric Surgery.

Purpose: Bariatric surgery (BS) was shown to improve inflammatory markers in previous short-term follow-up studies. The aim of the present study was to assess the long-term effects of BS on chronic low-grade inflammation markers related to severe obesity. Moreover, the meaning of the type of BS procedure as well as the remission of type 2 diabetes (T2D) for inflammatory status up to 4 years after BS was analyzed.

An Observation of Healthcare Professions Students' Perceptions During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This study conveys preclinical healthcare professions students' sentiments at 14 universities during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. Essays about students' thoughts and experiences were thematically sorted and revealed a variety of sentiments spanning from positive (e.g.

Microimaging of a novel intracochlear drug delivery device in combination with cochlear implants in the human inner ear.

The effective delivery of drugs to the inner ear is still an unmet medical need. Local controlled drug delivery to this sensory organ is challenging due to its location in the petrous bone, small volume, tight barriers, and high vulnerability. Local intracochlear delivery of drugs would overcome the limitations of intratympanic (extracochlear) and systemic drug application.

High-Fat Diet and Feeding Regime Impairs Number, Phenotype, and Cytotoxicity of Natural Killer Cells in C57BL/6 Mice.

Overweight and obesity are major public health challenges worldwide. Obesity is associated with a higher risk for the development of several cancer types, but specific mechanisms underlying the link of obesity and cancer are still unclear. Natural killer (NK) cells are circulating lymphoid cells promoting the elimination of virus-infected and tumor cells.

Effects of obesity on NK cells in a mouse model of postmenopausal breast cancer.

Obesity is a widely spread disease and a crucial risk factor for malign disorders, including breast cancer of women in the postmenopause. Studies demonstrated that in case of obesity crucial natural killer (NK) cell functions like combating tumor cells are affected. This study aims to analyze NK cells and NK cell receptor expression of obese mice in a model for postmenopausal breast cancer.

Characterization of Surface Receptor Expression and Cytotoxicity of Human NK Cells and NK Cell Subsets in Overweight and Obese Humans.

Obesity is associated with an increased risk for several cancer types and an altered phenotype and functionality of natural killer (NK) cells. This study aimed to investigate the association of overweight and obesity with NK cell functions and receptor expression profiles in humans. Therefore, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from normal weight, overweight, and obese healthy blood donors.