Gizzard Erosion and Ulceration Syndrome in Moroccan Poultry Flocks and Molecular Characterization of Fowl Adenoviruses (FAdV).

Gizzard erosion and ulceration syndrome (GEUS) is caused by a fowl adenovirus serotype 1 (FAdV-1) and was first reported in laying hens in Japan in 1993. This syndrome has emerged as an epizootic in Morocco since 2014, causing significant economic losses for the poultry industry, but no involvement of a FAdV has been confirmed. Thus, the objective of this work was to assess GEUS cases that occurred in the country and to determine the role of FAdVs in their occurrence.

Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza H9N2 Viruses in Morocco: Antigenic and Molecular Evolution from 2021 to 2023.

Avian influenza viruses pose significant threats to both the poultry industry and public health worldwide. Among them, the H9N2 subtype has gained substantial attention due to its high prevalence, especially in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa; its ability to reassort with other influenza viruses; and its potential to infect humans. This study presents a comprehensive phylogenetic and molecular analysis of H9N2 avian influenza viruses circulating in Morocco from 2021 to 2023.

Prevalence of major infectious diseases in backyard chickens from rural markets in Morocco.

Background And Aim: Raising backyard chickens is a common practice in Morocco, mainly in rural or periurban areas. Constraints due to devastating avian diseases have been recognized as a major limiting factor in backyard poultry production. Consequently, these flocks could potentially be implicated as reservoirs for poultry diseases.

Assessing the Efficacy of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccines (Double-Insert vHVT-IBD-ND and Single-Insert vHVT-ND) Followed by a Vaccination with a Live Newcastle Disease Vaccine Against a Moroccan Velogenic Newcastle Disease Challenge in Commercial Broilers.

The advent of turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vector vaccine technology (vHVT) has made a huge improvement in the prevention and control of several poultry diseases. The objective of this study was to compare, under experimental conditions, the protection conferred by different vaccination programs based on an HVT double-insert (infectious bursal disease {IBD] and Newcastle disease [ND]) vector vaccine (vHVT-IBD-ND) and an HVT single-insert (vHVT-ND) vector vaccine followed by a vaccination with a live ND vaccine at Day 1 only or at Days 1 and 14. Commercial broilers were vaccinated by the recombinant ND virus vaccines subcutaneously at 1 day old, in the hatchery, and challenged at 30 days of age using the Moroccan ND virus velogenic viscerotropic JEL strain.

Backyard Poultry Flocks in Morocco: Demographic Characteristics, Husbandry Practices, and Disease and Biosecurity Management.

Backyard poultry farming is an important tool for poverty alleviation and food security in rural areas of Morocco. A descriptive epidemiologic survey was conducted in 286 backyard poultry flocks from the provinces of Khemisset and Skhirat-Temara to gain baseline data on the current status of backyard poultry flocks in Morocco as well as its potential implications on the transmission and spread of avian diseases. The findings indicated that 88.

[Adenocarcinoma of the paranasal sinuses in sheep: First case description in Morocco].

Small ruminant sinus adenocarcinoma (ENA) is a contagious disease caused by a beta retrovirus called Enzootic Nasal Tumor Virus or ENTV. The first cases were sporadically diagnosed in Morocco in 2018. However, in the last two years, ENTV has appeared enzootic in three herds of the Sardi breed.

Pathogenicity of field strain of fowl aviadenovirus serotype 11 isolated from chickens with inclusion body hepatitis in Morocco.

Outbreaks of inclusion body hepatitis have emerged in Morocco since 2013 and has resulted in significant economic losses to poultry farms. Three isolates of the causative virus, Fowl adenonovirus (FAdV)were characterized from chickens with IBH, but their pathogenicity has never been investigated. In this work, the pathogenicity of an isolate FAdV 11 (MOR300315 strain) was evaluated by inoculating a group of 40 SPF chickens at 3 days of age by oral route.

Canine Leishmaniasis in Morocco: A Descriptive Prospective Clinical Study.

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonotic vector-borne disease that is endemic in the Mediterranean Basin including Morocco. Dogs play a major epidemiological role in this zoonosis as reservoir hosts. This study investigated the clinical manifestations of CanL in dogs naturally infected with .

Using geostatistics to better understand the epidemiology of animal rabies in Morocco: what is the contribution of the predictive value?

This study aims to characterize the spatial distribution of animal rabies in Morocco in order to provide appropriate control approaches. Descriptive analyses of the epidemiological data show that the number of reported canine rabies cases greatly underestimates the true incidence of the disease. Underreporting subsequently affects the coherence of its spatial distribution.

Evaluation of antidiabetic effect of L. (Cistaceae) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic mice.

Objectives: L. is a shrub from Cistaceae family used in many traditional medicines for the treatment of various diseases including diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of the aerial parts aqueous extract of L.

Isolation and characterization of fowl aviadenovirus serotype 11 from chickens with inclusion body hepatitis in Morocco.

The present study was conducted in order to isolate, identify and characterize fowl aviadenovirus associated with inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) in three poultry farms (two of broiler chickens and one of breeder broiler chickens) in Morocco during 2015. Liver samples collected from affected three poultry farms were examined by histopathological examination. Tissue samples showing necrosis of hepatocytes associated with basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were homogenized and submitted to FAdV isolation in chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cell cultures and in SPF embryonated eggs.

Disclosing respiratory co-infections: a broad-range panel assay for avian respiratory pathogens on a nanofluidic PCR platform.

Respiratory syndromes (RS) are among the most significant pathological conditions in edible birds and are caused by complex coactions of pathogens and environmental factors. In poultry, low pathogenic avian influenza A viruses, metapneumoviruses, infectious bronchitis virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, Mycoplasma spp. Escherichia coli and/or Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in turkeys are considered as key co-infectious agents of RS.

Efficacy of Massachusetts and 793B Vaccines Against Infectious Bronchitis Moroccan-Italy 02 Virus in Specific-Pathogen-Free Chickens and Commercial Broilers.

The ability of commercial vaccines H120 and 4/91 to protect against Moroccan-Italy 02 infectious bronchitis virus (Mor-It02) was investigated in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens and commercial broiler chickens. Commercial broiler chicks (Experiment 1) were vaccinated at the hatchery with H120 vaccine at Day 1, and challenged at Day 21 with 10 50% egg-infective dose (EID) of Mor-It02. All chicks were observed daily for clinical signs attributable to Mor-It02 infection during the 10 days postchallenge (pc).

Assessment of pathogenicity and tissue distribution of infectious bronchitis virus strains (Italy 02 genotype) isolated from moroccan broiler chickens.

Background: Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is one of the most important viral diseases of poultry, affecting chickens of all ages and causing major economic losses in poultry flocks. Mass vaccination is conducted in Morocco using a vaccine against Massachusetts, which is the most dominant serotype; however no information about the pathogenesis and tissue distribution of the Moroccan Italy 02 genotype was reported. 40 one-day-old specific pathogen free chickens were divided randomly into four groups.

[Natural Cryptosporidium sp. infection in broiler chickens in Morocco].

The prevalence of cryptosporidium infection was assessed in 38 broiler flocks. Two-hundred-and-twenty-five broilers were subjected to clinical and post-mortem examinations. Analyses of impression smears and tissue samples from the intestine, bursa of Fabricius and trachea revealed Cryptosporidium sp.

Effects of aflatoxin B1 on chicken chondrocytes in culture.

In vitro effects of aflatoxin B1 on DNA and proteoglycan synthesis were assessed by measuring tritiated thymidine and radiosulfate incorporation by chicken chondrocyte cultures. Chondrocytes were harvested from the growth-plate cartilage of a 35-day-old chicken, cultured in triplicate, and treated with 0, 1, 5, 10, or 25 micrograms aflatoxin B1/ml of culture medium. The cultures were then spiked separately with [3H]thymidine or [35S]sulfate.

The natural occurrence of aflatoxin B1 in Moroccan poultry feeds.

The occurrence of AFB1 in Moroccan poultry feeds and their ingredients was evaluated. Thirty poultry farms and 4 feedmills were surveyed from September 1989 to June 1991, and 300-500 g each of feeds (corn, sorghum, wheat bran, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, sunflower meal, finished feeds) were sampled. Additionally, on farms with suspected mycotoxin problems, necropsies of affected chickens were performed for gross and microscopic examinations.