Publications by authors named "Kibachio Joseph Mwangi"
Multiple cardiovascular risk factor care in 55 low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional analysis of nationally-representative, individual-level data from 280,783 adults.
PLOS Glob Public Health
March 2024
Article Synopsis
- - Individuals in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have a high prevalence of multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, particularly hypertension and diabetes, which were examined using data from 55 population-based surveys from 2009-2019.
- - The study included nearly 119,000 non-pregnant adults aged 40-69, revealing that those with both hypertension and diabetes had higher awareness of their diagnosis (64.1%) compared to those with just one condition (47.4% for hypertension and 46.7% for diabetes).
- - Despite higher awareness and treatment for those with concurrent conditions, only 7% of individuals effectively managed both hypertension and diabetes simultaneously, highlighting significant gaps
Evidence on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor prevalence among adults living below the World Bank's international line for extreme poverty (those with income <$1.90 per day) globally is sparse. Here we pooled individual-level data from 105 nationally representative household surveys across 78 countries, representing 85% of people living in extreme poverty globally, and sorted individuals by country-specific measures of household income or wealth to identify those in extreme poverty.
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- The study investigates how improving hypertension care in low- and middle-income countries might affect different socioeconomic groups, particularly focusing on wealth quintiles.
- Researchers simulated better diagnosis and treatment levels for hypertension and assessed the resulting changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk across various wealth groups.
- Results indicated that lower-income groups, especially in lower-middle-income countries, would experience the greatest health benefits, emphasizing that targeted improvements in hypertension management could help reduce health inequities.
Diabetes risk and provision of diabetes prevention activities in 44 low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative, individual-level survey data.
Lancet Glob Health
October 2023
Background: The global burden of diabetes is rising rapidly, yet there is little evidence on individual-level diabetes prevention activities undertaken by health systems in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Here we describe the population at high risk of developing diabetes, estimate diabetes prevention activities, and explore sociodemographic variation in these activities across LMICs.
Methods: We performed a pooled, cross-sectional analysis of individual-level data from nationally representative, population-based surveys conducted in 44 LMICs between October, 2009, and May, 2019.
Diagnostic testing for hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolaemia in low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study of data for 994 185 individuals from 57 nationally representative surveys.
Lancet Glob Health
September 2023
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the testing rates for cardiovascular disease risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolaemia) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), focusing on sociodemographic inequalities.
- Data from nearly 1 million adults across 57 surveys reveal that only a small percentage meet the WHO criteria for testing: 19.1% for hypertension, 23.8% for diabetes, and 27.4% for hypercholesterolaemia.
- Testing rates varied significantly by sex, wealth, and education, with women showing higher testing rates for hypertension compared to men.
Introduction: over one third of total Disability-Adjusted-Life-Years lost in Kenya are due to non-communicable diseases (NCD). In response, the Government declared significant commitment towards improving NCD care. The COVID-19 pandemic increased the burden on the already overstretched health systems in Kenya.
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- - The study explores the views of Malaysian health professionals on how non-communicable disease (NCD) services were disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 to January 2022, using an online survey with 191 health workers.
- - Participants highlighted significant issues like the redirection of resources and the burden on NCD care following the pandemic, but also noted the healthcare system's resilience and need for innovation.
- - While many respondents felt that challenges were mostly managed effectively, the study reveals gaps in the health system's response and suggests improvements for better NCD service delivery in the future.
Introduction: non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are projected to become the leading cause of death in Africa by 2030. Gender and socio-economic differences influence the prevalence of NCDs and their risk factors.
Methods: we performed a secondary analysis of the STEPS 2015 data to determine prevalence and correlation between diabetes, hypertension, harmful alcohol use, smoking, obesity and injuries across age, gender, residence and socio-economic strata.