Performance of wearable sleep trackers during nocturnal sleep and periods of simulated real-world smartphone use.

Goal And Aims: To test sleep/wake transition detection of consumer sleep trackers and research-grade actigraphy during nocturnal sleep and simulated peri-sleep behavior involving minimal movement.

Focus Technology: Oura Ring Gen 3, Fitbit Sense, AXTRO Fit 3, Xiaomi Mi Band 7, and ActiGraph GT9X.

Reference Technology: Polysomnography.

Selecting a sleep tracker from EEG-based, iteratively improved, low-cost multisensor, and actigraphy-only devices.

Aims: Evaluate the performance of 6 wearable sleep trackers across 4 classes (EEG-based headband, research-grade actigraphy, iteratively improved consumer tracker, low-cost consumer tracker).

Focus Technology: Dreem 3 headband, Actigraph GT9X, Oura Ring Gen3, Fitbit Sense, Xiaomi Mi Band 7, Axtro Fit3.

Reference Technology: In-lab polysomnography with 3-reader, consensus sleep scoring.

Dissociable changes in sleep architecture with mindfulness and sleep hygiene intervention in older adults: Secondary and exploratory analysis of polysomnography data from the Mindfulness Sleep Therapy (MIST) trial.

Objectives: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Mindfulness Sleep Therapy study, a randomized controlled trial testing Mindfulness-Based Therapy for Insomnia (MBTI) against a sleep hygiene education and exercise program (SHEEP). We investigated whether the interventions led to changes in sleep macroarchitecture (N2, N3 and REM), and microarchitecture (sleep fragmentation, slow wave activity, spectral band power) measured by ambulatory polysomnography (PSG).

Methods: 48 MBTI and 46 SHEEP participants provided usable PSG and subjective sleep quality data both pre- and post intervention.

Mindfulness-Based Training Does Not Improve Neuropsychological Outcomes in Mild Cognitive Impairment More Than Spontaneous Reversion Rates: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Current pharmacological and behavioral treatment options for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are limited, motivating a search for alternative therapies that might slow the progression of cognitive decline.

Objective: We investigated the effectiveness of a cognition-focused mindfulness-based intervention.

Methods: An open-label, three arm randomized controlled trial was conducted at a public tertiary medical center.

Mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia for older adults with sleep difficulties: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: Poor sleep is a modifiable risk factor for multiple disorders. Frontline treatments (e.g.

Schema-driven memory benefits boost transitive inference in older adults.

Age-related cognitive deficits may be diminished by tapping into prior knowledge structures. We investigated age-related differences in the formation and updating of schemas and examined whether the memory benefits of recently acquired schemas would be preserved in older adults. Data were collected from 60 older adults ( = 66.

Sleep after learning aids the consolidation of factual knowledge, but not relearning.

Study Objectives: Sleep strengthens and reorganizes declarative memories, but the extent to which these processes benefit subsequent relearning of the same material remains unknown. It is also unclear whether sleep-memory effects translate to educationally realistic learning tasks and improve long-term learning outcomes.

Methods: Young adults learned factual knowledge in two learning sessions that were 12 h apart and separated by either nocturnal sleep (n = 26) or daytime wakefulness (n = 26).

Multi-Night Sleep Restriction Impairs Long-Term Retention of Factual Knowledge in Adolescents.

Purpose: Sleep deprivation is associated with increased forgetting of declarative memories. Sleep restriction across multiple consecutive nights is prevalent in adolescents, but questions remain as to whether this pattern of sleep impairs memory for material typically learned in the classroom and the time course of retention beyond a few days.

Methods: Adolescents aged 15-18 years (n = 29) were given 5 hours sleep opportunity each night for 5 consecutive nights (sleep restricted group; SR), simulating a school week containing insufficient sleep.

Does splitting sleep improve long-term memory in chronically sleep deprived adolescents?

Sleep aids the encoding and consolidation of declarative memories, but many adolescents do not obtain the recommended amount of sleep each night. After a normal night of sleep, there is abundant evidence that a daytime nap enhances the consolidation of material learned before sleep and also improves the encoding of new information upon waking. However, it remains unclear how learning is affected when sleep is split between nocturnal and daytime nap periods during a typical school week of restricted sleep.

The long-term memory benefits of a daytime nap compared with cramming.

Study Objectives: Daytime naps benefit long-term memory relative to taking a break and remaining awake. However, the use of naps as a practical way to improve learning has not been examined, in particular, how memory following a nap compares with spending the equivalent amount of time cramming.

Methods: Young adults learned detailed factual knowledge in sessions that flanked 1 hr spent napping (n = 27), taking a break (n = 27), or cramming that information (n = 30).

Towards an Objective Measure of Mindfulness: Replicating and Extending the Features of the Breath-Counting Task.

Despite calls for objective measures of mindfulness to be adopted in the field, such practices have not yet become established. Recently, a breath-counting task (BCT) was proposed as a reliable and valid candidate for such an instrument. In this study, we show that the psychometric properties of the BCT are reproducible in a sample of 127 Asian undergraduates.

Fronto-Parietal Subnetworks Flexibility Compensates For Cognitive Decline Due To Mental Fatigue.

Fronto-parietal subnetworks were revealed to compensate for cognitive decline due to mental fatigue by community structure analysis. Here, we investigate changes in topology of subnetworks of resting-state fMRI networks due to mental fatigue induced by prolonged performance of a cognitively demanding task, and their associations with cognitive decline. As it is well established that brain networks have modular organization, community structure analyses can provide valuable information about mesoscale network organization and serve as a bridge between standard fMRI approaches and brain connectomics that quantify the topology of whole brain networks.

Positive Effects of Mindfulness-Based Training on Energy Maintenance and the EEG Correlates of Sustained Attention in a Cohort of Nurses.

Mindfulness based training (MBT) is becoming increasingly popular as a means to improve general wellbeing through developing enhanced control over metacognitive processes. In this preliminary study, we tested a cohort of 36 nurses (mean age = 30.3, SD = 8.

Modulating rest-break length induces differential recruitment of automatic and controlled attentional processes upon task reengagement.

Rest breaks are commonly administered as a countermeasure to reduce on-the-job fatigue, both physical and mental. However, this practice makes the assumption that recovery from fatigue, as measured by the reversal of performance declines, is the sole effect of taking a break on behavior. Here, through administering rest breaks of differing lengths in between blocks of a mentally demanding symbol decoding task, we show that this assumption may not be strictly true.

Effect of Subliminal Lexical Priming on the Subjective Perception of Images: A Machine Learning Approach.

The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of subliminal priming in terms of the perception of images influenced by words with positive, negative, and neutral emotional content, through electroencephalograms (EEGs). Participants were instructed to rate how much they like the stimuli images, on a 7-point Likert scale, after being subliminally exposed to masked lexical prime words that exhibit positive, negative, and neutral connotations with respect to the images. Simultaneously, the EEGs were recorded.