Characteristics of GB97 lysate isolated from porcine feces and its and effects on inflammation, intestinal barrier function, and gut microbiota composition in mice.

Weaning is a crucial step in piglet management to improve pork production. During the weaning phase, disruption of epithelial barrier function and intestinal inflammation can lead to decreased absorption of nutrients and diarrhea. Therefore, maintaining a healthy intestine, epithelial barrier function, and gut microbiota composition in this crucial phase is strategic for optimal weaning in pigs.

Understanding the Role of Soft X-ray in Charging Solid-Film and Cellular Electrets.

Solid-film electrets and cellular electrets are defined as promising insulating dielectric materials containing permanent electrostatic and polarizations. High-performance charging methods are critical for electret transducers. Unlike dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) charging, the soft X-ray charging method, with its strong penetration ability, has been widely used in electrets after packaging and has even been embedded in high-aspect-ratio structures (HARSs).

Cellular shape reinforces niche to stem cell signaling in the small intestine.

Niche-derived factors regulate tissue stem cells, but apart from the mechanosensory pathways, the effect of niche geometry is not well understood. We used organoids and bioengineered tissue culture platforms to demonstrate that the conical shape of Lgr5 small intestinal stem cells (ISCs) facilitate their self-renewal and function. Inhibition of non-muscle myosin II (NM II)-driven apical constriction altered ISC shape and reduced niche curvature and stem cell capacity.

Effects of topological constraints on the alignment and maturation of multinucleated myotubes.

Microfluidic-based technologies enable the development of cell culture systems that provide tailored microenvironmental inputs to mammalian cells. Primary myoblasts can be induced to differentiate into multinucleated skeletal muscle cells, myotubes, which are a relevant model system for investigating skeletal muscle metabolism and physiology in vitro. However, it remains challenging to differentiate primary myoblasts into mature myotubes in microfluidics devices.

Effects of Hydrophilicity, Adhesion Work, and Fluid Flow on Biofilm Formation of PDMS in Microfluidic Systems.

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been the most widely used material in microfluidic systems, especially for cell biology applications. However, the antibacterial performance of PDMS in flow conditions has never been reported in the literature. In this paper, we analyzed the effects of contact angle (CA), adhesion force (work), and surface free energy on the antibacterial activities of PDMS by varying the ratio of curing agents (crosslinking degree) and surface modification with oxygen plasma.

Deposition of Durable Micro Copper Patterns into Glass by Combining Laser-Induced Backside Wet Etching and Laser-Induced Chemical Liquid Phase Deposition Methods.

Glass is a well-known non-conductive material that has many useful properties, and considerable research has been conducted into making circuits on glass. Many deposition techniques have been studied, and laser-induced chemical liquid phase deposition (LCLD) is a well-known and cost-effective method for rapid prototyping of copper deposition on glass. However, the deposition results from the LCLD method on the surface of glass, which shows an issue in its detachment from the substrates because of the relatively low adhesion between deposited copper and the nontreated glass surface.

Light output performance of red AlGaInP-based light emitting diodes with different chip geometries and structures.

We investigated the optical and electrical properties of red AlGaInP light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as functions of chip size, p-cladding layer thickness, and the number of multi-quantum wells (MQWs). External quantum efficiency (EQE) decreased with decreasing chip size. The ideality factor gradually increased from 1.

Micro/Nanospheres Generation by Fluid-Fluid Interaction Technology: A Literature Review.

This review focuses on the fundamental fluid mechanics which governs the generation of micro/nanospheres. The micro/nanosphere generation process has gathered significant attention in the past two decades, since micro/nanospheres are widely used in drug delivery, food science, cosmetics, and other application areas. Many methods have been developed based on different operating principles, such as microfluidic methods, electrospray methods, chemical methods, and so forth.

One-step process for superhydrophobic metallic surfaces by wire electrical discharge machining.

We present a direct one-step method to fabricate dual-scale superhydrophobic metallic surfaces using wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM). A dual-scale structure was spontaneously formed by the nature of exfoliation characteristic of Al 7075 alloy surface during WEDM process. A primary microscale sinusoidal pattern was formed via a programmed WEDM process, with the wavelength in the range of 200 to 500 μm.

Inhibition of collagen deposit in obstructed rat bladder outlet by transplantation of superparamagnetic iron oxide-labeled human mesenchymal stem cells as monitored by molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) caused by collagen deposit is one of the most common problems in elderly males. The present study is to investigate if human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of inhibiting collagen deposition and improve cystometric parameters in bladder outlet obstruction in rats. Human MSCs were labeled with nanoparticles containing superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPION), and transplanted in rat BOO lesion site.

Better than 10 mA field emission from an isolated structure emitter of a metal oxide/CNT composite.

An isolated structure emitter is presented that can deliver a field emission better than 10 mA, a level that is by far the highest ever reported. A composite of CNT (carbon nanotube) and WO(3) is used to grow the point emitter by a crystal-like growth technique. The head of the grown needle that is the emitter is removed by electric discharge machining (EDM).