Unraveling the dynamics of osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells: Transcriptomic insights into matrix mineralization and cell proliferation.

Unraveling the intricacies of osteoblast differentiation is crucial for advancing our comprehension of bone biology. This study investigated the complicated molecular events orchestrating osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells, a well-established in vitro culture model. Employing longitudinal RNA-sequencing analysis, we explored transcriptomic changes at the pivotal time points of 0, 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days and categorized osteogenic differentiation into proliferation, matrix maturation, and mineralization stages.

Mixtures of polystyrene micro and nanoplastics affects fat and glucose metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and zebrafish larvae.

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are pervasive pollutants that pose a hazard to human health. Although most previous studies have investigated the effects of MPs and NPs on digestion, oxidative stress, and inflammation in diverse models, the combined effect of plastic mixtures (PM) containing MPs and NPs on obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unknown. The hypothesis of our study is to verify the association between PM exposure and clinical features of metabolic diseases such as lipogenesis and insulin resistance.

Effect of add-on therapy with leukotriene receptor antagonists and Chungsangboha-tang in patients with asthma: a protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel, multicenter trial.

Background: Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by airway inflammation and obstruction. Treatment aims to control symptoms with minimal medication, using disease-controlling and symptom-relieving drugs. Inhaled steroids and beta2 agonists are common treatments; however, their long-term use can cause side effects.

Effect of Blood Orange ( L. Osbeck) Peel Waste as a Feed Additive on the Growth Performance, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Antioxidant Capacity, and Immune Response in Juvenile Black Rockfish ().

This study evaluated bioactive compounds in blood orange ( (L.) Osbeck) peel (BOP) as dietary additives. An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation on the growth performance, body composition, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant capacity, and immune response of juvenile black rockfish.

Neurotoxic effects of citronellol induced by the conversion of kynurenine to 3-hydroxykynurenine.

Citronellol is widely utilized in consumer products, including cosmetics, fragrances, and household items. However, despite being considered a relatively safe chemical, the health effects and toxicity mechanisms associated with exposure to high concentrations of citronellol, based on product content, remain inadequately understood. Here, we aimed to analyze the neurological effects of citronellol in zebrafish larvae using behavioral and histological analyses and elucidate the mechanisms underlying its neurotoxicity in vivo.

Organophosphate flame retardants and their metabolites in paired dog food and urine: Pet exposure through food consumption.

Companion dogs are exposed to various chemicals. However, our understanding of the sources and pathways of chemical exposure in pets remains limited. In this study, we collected urine samples from 47 dogs and corresponding samples of the food they consumed to analyze the concentrations and dietary exposure to organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and their metabolites (mOPFRs).

Fruit Extract Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation in BV-2 Microglia Cells via the MAPK and NF-B Signaling Pathways.

Hedl. is a traditional medicinal plant in Korea, China, and Japan with known antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, and anti-melanin activities. However, its anti-neuroinflammatory effects remain largely unknown.

An AIE-based fluorescent dye for selective staining of polyamide microplastics without pretreatment: Applications to environmental samples and zebrafish.

A novel staining dye, BEM ((1E,1'E)-1,1'-([2,2'-bithiophene]-5,5'-diyl)bis(N-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methanimine)) was synthesized for selective identification of polyamide (PA) micrplastics. BEM showed unique photophysical properties such as solvatochromism, intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), and aggregation induced emission (AIE) which were demonstrated through spectroscopic analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The optimal staining conditions for selective staining of PA by BEM were established by evaluating the staining efficiency according to the variation of the solvent compositions, concentrations of BEM, and staining durations.

Multi-bioapplicable fluorescence chemosensor for sequentially identifying gallium ion and pyrophosphate: Application to environmental samples, human serum, zebrafish and celery.

A multi-bioapplicable fluorescence chemosensor MQV, ((E)-2-methoxy-6-((2-(quinolin-2-yl)hydrazineylidene)methyl)phenol), was developed for sequential detection of Ga and pyrophosphate (PPi) ions. The addition of Ga and PPi to MQV in sequence strongly caused an off-on-off fluorescent response in PBS buffer/DMSO (8:2, v/v, pH 7.4).

Comparison of urinary exposure profiles to phthalates and bisphenol analogues in kindergartens in Korea: Impact of environmental choices on children's health.

Phthalates and bisphenols (BPs) are well-known endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that are widely used in diverse consumer and personal care products. Despite their vulnerability, children are frequently exposed to phthalates and BPs in their surrounding environments. Although pre-school children spend most of their time in kindergarten, no comprehensive assessment of children' exposure to EDCs has been conducted according to the type of kindergarten.

Comparative Genomics Reveals Species-Specific Genes and Symbiotic Adaptations in .

, a highly valued ectomycorrhizal fungus, requires a symbiotic relationship with pine trees for growth, complicating its cultivation. This study presents a comprehensive comparative genomic analysis of species, with a focus on . Genomic data from 19 assemblies representing 13 species were analyzed to identify genus-, species-, and strain-specific genes, revealing significant evolutionary adaptations.

Nuclear localization sequence of MoHTR1, a Magnaporthe oryzae effector, for transcriptional reprogramming of immunity genes in rice.

Plant pathogens secrete nuclear effectors into the host nuclei to modulate the host immune system. Although several nuclear effectors of fungal pathogens have been recently reported, the molecular mechanism of NLS-associated transport vehicles of nuclear effectors and the roles of NLS in transcriptional reprogramming of host immunity genes remain enigmatic. We previously reported the MoHTR1, a nuclear effector of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae.

Use of the Puccinia sorghi haustorial transcriptome to identify and characterize AvrRp1-D recognized by the maize Rp1-D resistance protein.

The common rust disease of maize is caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Puccinia sorghi. The maize Rp1-D allele imparts resistance against the P. sorghi IN2 isolate by initiating a defense response that includes a rapid localized programmed cell death process, the hypersensitive response (HR).

Biodistribution of synthesized polyethylene terephthalate fibers in adult zebrafish, their sex hormone disruption effect, and mitigation using natural organic matter.

Although polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers are a representative form of plastic pollutants, studies on their toxicity are currently limited compared to other plastic types. Moreover, the effect of natural organic matter (NOM) on their toxicity has not been investigated. In this study, female and male adult zebrafish were exposed to synthesized PET fibers at concentrations of 0.

Fluorescein-switching-based lateral flow assay for the detection of microRNAs.

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are a cost-effective and rapid colorimetric technology that can be effectively used for nucleic acid tests (NATs) in various fields such as medical diagnostics and biotechnology. Given their importance, developing more diverse LFAs that operate through novel working mechanisms is essential for designing highly selective and sensitive NATs and providing insights for designing various practical point-of-care testing (POCT) systems. Herein we report a new type of lateral flow assay (LFA) based on fluorescein-switching, enabled by nucleic acid-templated photooxidation of reduced fluorescein by riboflavin tetraacetate (RFTA).

Phospho-code of a conserved transcriptional factor underpins fungal virulence.

Background: Cell wall integrity (CWI) is crucial for fungal growth, pathogenesis, and adaptation to extracellular environments. Calcofluor white (CFW) is a cell wall perturbant that inhibits fungal growth, yet little is known about how phytopathogenic fungi respond to the CFW-induced stress.

Results: In this study, we unveiled a significant discovery that CFW triggered the translocation of the transcription factor CgCrzA from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

Bone-targeted lipoplex-loaded three-dimensional bioprinting bilayer scaffold enhanced bone regeneration.

Clinical bone-morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) treatment for bone regeneration, often resulting in complications like soft tissue inflammation and ectopic ossification due to high dosages and non-specific delivery systems, necessitates research into improved biomaterials for better BMP2 stability and retention. To tackle this challenge, we introduced a groundbreaking bone-targeted, lipoplex-loaded, three-dimensional bioprinted bilayer scaffold, termed the polycaprolactone-bioink-nanoparticle (PBN) scaffold, aimed at boosting bone regeneration. We encapsulated BMP2 within the fibroin nanoparticle based lipoplex (Fibroplex) and functionalized it with DSS for bone tissue-specific targeting.

The Effect of Denosumab on Rotator Cuff Repair in Women Aged 60 and over with Osteoporosis: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: In previous studies, denosumab, a RANKL human monoclonal antibody used in osteoporosis treatment, has shown efficacy in tendon healing after rotator cuff repair. This prospective study investigated the effects of denosumab on tendon healing, re-tear rates, and clinical outcomes post rotator cuff repair in women with osteoporosis.

Method: This was a prospective, observational study, employing propensity score matching for the control group.

Fast and easy detection of hypochlorite by a smartphone-based fluorescent turn-on probe: Applications to water samples, zebrafish and plant imaging.

We have developed a fluorescent probe DBT-Cl ((E)-2-(2-(4-(diphenylamino)benzylidene) hydrazinyl)-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-oxoethan-1-aminium chloride) for ClO with an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) strategy depending on solvent polarity. DBT-Cl possessed a prominent solvatochromic emission property with intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from the TPA (triphenylamine) to the amide group, which was studied by spectroscopic analysis and DFT calculations. These unique AIE properties of DBT-Cl led to the recognition of ClO with high fluorescent selectivity.

Effect of Heat-Treated nF1 on the Immune System Including Natural Killer Cell Activity: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study.

Heat-treated nF1 (HT-nF1) increases immune cell activation and the production of various immunomodulators (e.g., interleukin (IL)-12) as well as immunoglobulin (Ig) G, which plays an important role in humoral immunity, and IgA, which activates mucosal immunity.