Protective Topical Dual-Sided Nanofibrous Hemostatic Dressing Using Mussel and Silk Proteins with Multifunctionality of Hemostasis and Anti-Bacterial Infiltration.

Topical hemostatic agents are preferred for application to sensitive bleeding sites because of their immediate locoregional effects with less tissue damage. However, the majority of commercial hemostatic agents fail to provide stable tissue adhesion to bleeding wounds or act as physical barriers against contaminants. Hence, it has become necessary to investigate biologically favorable materials that can be applied and left within the body post-surgery.

Bone Regeneration with 3D-Printed Hybrid Bone Scaffolds in a Canine Radial Bone Defect Model.

Background: The repair of large bone defects remains a significant challenge in clinical practice and requires bone grafts or substitute materials. In this study, we developed a unique hybrid bone scaffold comprising a three dimensional (3D)-printed metal plate for weight bearing and a biodegradable polymer tube serving as bone conduit. We assessed the long-term effect of the hybrid bone scaffold in repairing radial bone defects in a beagle model.

A Novel Hypothesis and Characterization to Isolate Microvascular Endothelial Cells Simultaneously with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from the Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction.

Background: Angiogenesis and vasculogenesis are essential processes for successful tissue regeneration in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is not only a source of adipose stem cells (ASC) but also a suitable source of microvascular endothelial cells because it is a rich capillary network. So, we propose a new hypothesis for isolating adipose-derived human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-A) from the SVF and developed a dual isolation system that isolates two cell types from one tissue.

Verapamil-containing silicone gel reduces scar hypertrophy.

A hypertrophic scar is a common dermal fibroproliferative lesion usually treated with topical silicone. Verapamil, a type of calcium channel blocker, is considered a candidate drug for the treatment of hypertrophic scars. Here, we report that the addition of verapamil to topical silicone gel enhances treatment outcomes of hypertrophic scars.

Nitric Oxide Produced by the Antioxidant Activity of Verapamil Improves the Acute Wound Healing Process.

Background: Verapamil is used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, hypertrophic scars, and keloids to block transmembrane calcium ion flux. Verapamil has antioxidant activity, which enhances the production of nitric oxide (NO). NO promotes the proliferation of fibroblasts, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells during wound healing.

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Injection of Stromal Vascular Fraction Derived from Autologous Adipose Tissues in Systemic Sclerosis Patients with Hand Disability: A Proof-Of-Concept Trial.

Background: Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has recently emerged as a potential therapeutic modality, due to its multipotent cellular components in tissue regeneration. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a progressive autoimmune disease that results in hand disability by skin fibrosis and microangiopathies. We performed an open-label study to investigate the efficacy and safety of SVF injection in SSc patients (Clinical Trial number: NCT03060551).

Cryopreservation of lipoaspirates: in vitro measurement of the viability of adipose-derived stem cell and lipid peroxidation.

As the storage time of the fat tissue passes by, lipid peroxidation and creation of by-products may take place. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cell viability and functional changes of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in the cryopreserved lipoaspirates at different temperatures in accordance with lipid peroxidation. Lipoaspirates acquired from liposuction were divided into four different temperature groups and stored at 4°C, -20°C, -80°C, and -196°C.

Optimal Condition of Isolation from an Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction for the Development of Automated Systems.

Background: The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolated from adipose tissue, which contains stem cells as well as other cell types, has been applied in various research fields. Although different enzymatic concentrations and treatment durations have been applied to isolate the SVF, optimal conditions have not been established. Thus, we aimed to establish the optimal conditions for isolation of the SVF from adipose tissue by automated systems.

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2-Conjugated Silica Particles Enhanced Early Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose Stem Cells on the Polycaprolactone Scaffold.

Background: Silica particles (SPs) induce cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. We reported that SPs in the scaffold induced early stage osteogenic differentiation.

Methods: A polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold was fabricated with a 10 wt% SPs.

Adipose Stem Cells with Conditioned Media for Treatment of Acne Vulgaris Scar.

This study was to investigate the effect of subcutaneous injection of the adipose stem cells (ASCs) with conditioned media (CM) in the treatment of acne vulgaris scar. We used Adult male New Zealand white rabbit ears as an animal model and induced acne formation by Kignman method. Adipose tissue was isolated and harvested from the scapula of rabbits, and ASCs were cultured and expanded until passage 1.

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)-Like Repeats and Discoidin I-Like Domains 3 (EDIL3): A Potential New Therapeutic Tool for the Treatment of Keloid Scars.

In keloids, the mechanism underlying the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix after injury of the skin is unclear, and there is no effective treatment because of the incomplete understanding of their pathogenesis; thus, a high recurrence rate is observed. We studied a new marker of keloids to determine a new treatment strategy. First, the keloid gene expression profile (GSE44270) was analyzed (downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database) and the new keloid marker candidate, epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats and discoidin I-like domains 3 (EDIL3) which were upregulated in keloid samples was identified.

Characterization of adipose tissue mesenchymal stromal cell subsets with distinct plastic adherence.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) established by adherence culture have been widely utilized for various cell therapeutic trials, but potential heterogeneity that can be caused by preparation methods are poorly characterized. In this study, we show that at least two distinct subsets of MSCs with different adherence to plastic surface exist in human adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF); while 69% of total colony forming units in SVF adhere to the surface before 3 hrs of plating, 13-17% of colonogenic cells adhered to the surface at later period of 15 hr to 1 week after plating. Of note, the late adherent MSCs exhibited higher self-renewal of colony forming cells and higher proliferating potential with comparable level of osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation potential to the early adherence subsets.

Silica nanoparticles increase human adipose tissue-derived stem cell proliferation through ERK1/2 activation.

Background: Silicon dioxide composites have been found to enhance the mechanical properties of scaffolds and to support growth of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs) both in vitro and in vivo. Silica (silicon dioxide alone) exists as differently sized particles when suspended in culture medium, but it is not clear whether particle size influences the beneficial effect of silicon dioxide on hADSCs. In this study, we examined the effect of different sized particles on growth and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in hADSCs.

The stem cell potential and multipotency of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells vary by cell donor and are different from those of other types of stem cells.

Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) from various sites are applied in tissue engineering and cell therapy. The condition of AT-MSCs depends on the donor's age, body mass index (BMI), and gender. AT-MSCs from 66 human donors were analyzed, and the cells were sorted according to donor age (10-19 years: n = 1; 20-29 years: n = 5; 30-39 years: n = 12; 40-49 years: n = 22; 50-59 years: n = 12; 60-69 years: n = 9, and 70 years or older: n = 5), BMI (under 25, 25-30, and over 30), and gender (19 males and 48 females).

Secretory factors of human chorion-derived stem cells enhance activation of human fibroblasts.

Background Aims: Wound healing remains a principal challenge in modern medical science. Chorion-dervied stem cells (CDSCs), isolated from human placenta, have largely been overlooked, and few studies on their potential in wound healing have been conducted. In this study, we investigated the functional characteristics of CDSCs compared with adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) on human fibroblasts (HFs).

Development of a bone reconstruction technique using a solid free-form fabrication (SFF)-based drug releasing scaffold and adipose-derived stem cells.

For tissue regeneration, three essential components of scaffolds, signals (biomolecules), and cells are required. Moreover, because bony defects are three-dimensional in many clinical circumstances, an exact 3D scaffold is important. Therefore, we proposed an effective reconstruction tool for cranial defects using human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) and a 3D functional scaffold fabricated by solid free-form fabrication (SFF) technology that secretes biomolecules.

Enhancement of bone regeneration through facile surface functionalization of solid freeform fabrication-based three-dimensional scaffolds using mussel adhesive proteins.

Solid freeform fabrication (SFF) is recognized as a promising tool for creating tissue engineering scaffolds due to advantages such as superior interconnectivity and highly porous structure. Despite structural support for SFF-based three-dimensional (3-D) scaffolds that can lead to tissue regeneration, lack of cell recognition motifs and/or biochemical factors has been considered a limitation. Previously, recombinant mussel adhesive proteins (MAPs) were successfully demonstrated to be functional cell adhesion materials on various surfaces due to their peculiar adhesive properties.

Systematic procedure for designing processes with multiple environmental objectives.

Evaluation of multiple objectives is very important in designing environmentally benign processes. It requires a systematic procedure for solving multiobjective decision-making problems due to the complex nature of the problems, the need for complex assessments, and the complicated analysis of multidimensional results. In this paper, a novel systematic procedure is presented for designing processes with multiple environmental objectives.