sp. nov. Causing Leaf Spot in Korean Angelica.

During a disease survey in October 2019, leaf spot symptoms with a yellow halo were observed on Korean angelica () plants grown in fields in Pyeongchang, Gangwon Province, Korea. Incidence of diseased leaves of the plants in the investigated fields ranged from 10% to 60%. Morphological and cultural characteristics of two single-spore isolates from the leaf lesions indicated that they belonged to the genus Molecular phylogenetic analyses using combined sequences of LSU, ITS, , and regions showed distinct clustering of the isolates from other species.

sp. nov. Causing Leaf Spot and Stem Rot in .

During disease surveys of plants in Korea, leaf spot symptoms were observed in a field in Andong in July 2019, and stem rot symptoms in vinyl greenhouses in Yangpyeong in April 2020. Incidence of leaf spot and stem rot of the plants ranged from 10 to 20% and 5 to 30%, respectively. Morphological and cultural characteristics of fungal isolates from the leaf spot and stem rot symptoms fitted into those of the genus .

Current Studies on Bakanae Disease in Rice: Host Range, Molecular Identification, and Disease Management.

The seed borne disease such as bakanae is difficult to control. Crop yield loss caused by bakanae depending on the regions and varieties grown, ranging from 3.0% to 95.

Anti-Oomycete Activity and Pepper Root Colonization of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida YJR13 and Pseudomonas putida YJR92 against Phytophthora capsici.

Previously, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida YJR13 and Pseudomonas putida YJR92 from a sequential screening procedure were proven to effectively control Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsici. In this study, we further investigated the anti-oomycete activities of these strains against mycelial growth, zoospore germination, and germ tube elongation of P. capsici.

Antifungal Activity of Thymol against and Isolated from Stored Onion Bulbs.

The antifungal activity of thymol against F23 and F15 in onions was examined through direct treatment with amended media and gaseous treatment with I-plates (plastic plates containing central partitions). The protective and curative control efficacy of thymol was examined 24 h before and after the inoculation of onion bulbs with the fungal isolates. Mycelial growth, sporulation, and spore germination of the isolates were inhibited on potato dextrose agar amended with various concentrations of thymol or acetic acid (positive control).

Biological Control of Oomycete Soilborne Diseases Caused by , and in Solanaceous Crops.

Oomycete pathogens that belong to the genus cause devastating diseases in solanaceous crops such as pepper, potato, and tobacco, resulting in crop production losses worldwide. Although the application of fungicides efficiently controls these diseases, it has been shown to trigger negative side effects such as environmental pollution, phytotoxicity, and fungicide resistance in plant pathogens. Therefore, biological control of -induced diseases was proposed as an environmentally sound alternative to conventional chemical control.

Suppression of Ripe Rot on 'Zesy002' Kiwifruit with Commercial Agrochemicals.

Ripe rot caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea is one of the serious diseases of postharvest kiwifruit. In order to control ripe rot on Actinidia chinensis cultivar 'Zesy002', several commercial agrofungicides were selected by an antifungal test on an artificial medium. Furthermore, disease suppression by the selected fungicides was evaluated on the kiwifruit by inoculation with a conidial suspension of B.

and Inhibitory Effects of Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide against f. sp. Isolated from Stored Sweetpotato: Study II.

Chlorine dioxide (ClO) has been widely used as an effective disinfectant to control fungal contamination during postharvest crop storage. In this study, f. sp.

Complete genome sequence data of strain GSE09, a volatile-producing biocontrol bacterium isolated from cucumber () root.

(previously identified as ) strain GSE09 is a volatile-producing bacterium that exhibits significant biocontrol activity against an oomycete pathogen, , on pepper plants. Here, we report the complete genome sequence data of strain GSE09, isolated from surface-sterilized cucumber root. The genome consists of a circular 5,109,718-bp chromosome with a G + C content of 34.

RNAi Screening-based Identification of USP10 as a Novel Regulator of Paraptosis.

Accumulating reports demonstrate that apoptosis does not explain all the effects of cancer therapy due to the innate and acquired apoptotic resistance of malignant cancer cells. Recently, paraptosis, a type of programmed cell death accompanied by dilation of mitochondria and/or the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), has garnered interest in cancer research as an alternative way to kill apoptosis-resistant cancers. We describe here the adaptation and validation of a high-content cell-based assay to screen and identify novel paraptotic regulators employing the malignant breast cancer cells undergoing curcumin-induced paraptosis.

and Inhibitory Effects of Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide Against Isolated from Stored Sweetpotato.

Chlorine dioxide (ClO) can be used as an alternative disinfectant for controlling fungal contamination during postharvest storage. In this study, we tested the and inhibitory effects of gaseous ClO against SP-d1, the causal agent of sweetpotato dry rot. In tests, spore suspensions of SP-d1 spread on acidified potato dextrose agar were treated with various ClO concentrations (1-20 ppm) for 0-60 min.

Chryseobacterium phosphatilyticum sp. nov., a phosphate-solubilizing endophyte isolated from cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) root.

A bacterial strain, designated as ISE14, with Gram-stain-negative and non-motile rod-shaped cells, was isolated from the root of a cucumber plant collected in a field in Iksan, Republic of Korea and was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain ISE14 represented a member of the genus Chryseobacterium and was closely related to Chryseobacterium viscerum 687B-08 (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 98.50 %), Chryseobacterium lactis NCTC 11390 (98.

Effect of Temperature and Relative Humidity on Growth of and spp. and Biocontrol Activity of AS15 against Aflatoxigenic in Stored Rice Grains.

In this study, we evaluated the effect of different temperatures (10, 20, 30, and 40 °C) and relative humidities (RHs; 12, 44, 76, and 98%) on populations of predominant grain fungi (, , , , and ) and the biocontrol activity of AS15 against aflatoxigenic KCCM 60330 in stored rice. Populations of all the tested fungi in inoculated rice grains were significantly enhanced by both increased temperature and RH. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that one unit increase of temperature resulted in greater effects than that of RH on fungal populations.

Biocontrol Activity of Volatile-Producing and Against and spp. Predominant in Stored Rice Grains: Study II.

In our previous studies, KU143 KU313, and AS15 have been shown to be antagonistic to in stored rice grains. In this study, the biocontrol activities of these strains were evaluated against , , and , which are predominant in stored rice grains. and antifungal activities of the bacterial strains were evaluated against the fungi on media and rice grains, respectively.

Draft Genome Sequences of Chryseobacterium lactis NCTC11390 Isolated from Milk, Chryseobacterium oncorhynchi 701B-08 from Rainbow Trout, and Chryseobacterium viscerum 687B-08 from Diseased Fish.

The genus , belonging to the family , contains Gram-negative, yellow-pigmented, rod-shaped, and non-spore-forming bacterial species, which may be free living or parasitic. Here, we report draft genome sequences of type strains of three species of containing genes related to biological control and plant growth promotion.

Draft Genome Sequence of Phosphate-Solubilizing Chryseobacterium sp. Strain ISE14, a Biocontrol and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Isolated from Cucumber.

sp. strain ISE14 is a phosphate-solubilizing endophytic bacterium that exhibits plant growth promotion and biocontrol activities against Phytophthora blight and anthracnose on pepper. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of strain ISE14, which contains genes relating to phosphate solubilization, plant growth promotion, and biocontrol traits.

Draft Genome Sequences of Bacillus megaterium KU143, Microbacterium testaceum KU313, and Pseudomonas protegens AS15, Isolated from Stored Rice Grains.

KU143, KU313, and AS15 from stored rice grains exhibited antifungal activity against and spp. predominant in stored rice. Here, we report their bacterial draft genomes, which contain genes related to biotic and abiotic stress management, as well as antimicrobial and insecticidal traits.

Influence of Temperature and Water Activity on Deleterious Fungi and Mycotoxin Production during Grain Storage.

Cereal grains are the most important food source for humans. As the global population continues to grow exponentially, the need for the enhanced yield and minimal loss of agricultural crops, mainly cereal grains, is increasing. In general, harvested grains are stored for specific time periods to guarantee their continuous supply throughout the year.

Biocontrol Activity of Volatile-Producing and against and Aflatoxin Production on Stored Rice Grains.

In our previous study, three bacterial strains, KU143, KU313, and AS15, were selected as effective biocontrol agents against on stored rice grains. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of the volatiles produced by the strains on growth and aflatoxin production on stored rice grains. The three strains significantly reduced mycelial growth of in dual-culture assays compared with the negative control strain, KU408, and an untreated control.

Chryseobacterium cucumeris sp. nov., an endophyte isolated from cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) root, and emended description of Chryseobacterium arthrosphaerae.

The Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented, rod-shaped bacterial strain GSE06, isolated from the surface-sterilized root of a cucumber plant grown in a field in Gunsan, Korea, was characterized by not only cultural and morphological features but also physiological, biochemical and molecular analyses. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain GSE06 was most closely related to species of the genus Chryseobacterium. Furthermore, strain GSE06 exhibited the highest sequence similarities with the type strains Chryseobacterium indologenes ATCC 29897 (98.

Draft Genome Sequences of Chryseobacterium artocarpi UTM-3T and Chryseobacterium contaminans C26T, Isolated from Rhizospheres, and Chryseobacterium arthrosphaerae CC-VM-7T, Isolated from the Feces of a Pill Millipede.

Species of the genus Chryseobacterium belonging to the family Flavobacteriaceae are nonmotile, yellow-pigmented, and rod-shaped bacteria, some of which were frequently isolated from soil or plant-related materials. Here, we present draft genome sequences of three type strains of Chryseobacterium, which contain genes related to plant growth promotion, colonization, or stress adaptation.

Microbe-Mediated Control of Mycotoxigenic Grain Fungi in Stored Rice with Focus on Aflatoxin Biodegradation and Biosynthesis Inhibition.

Rice contaminated with fungal species during storage is not only of poor quality and low economic value, but may also have harmful effects on human and animal health. The predominant fungal species isolated from rice grains during storage belong to the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium. Some of these fungal species produce mycotoxins; they are responsible for adverse health effects in humans and animals, particularly Aspergillus flavus, which produces the extremely carcinogenic aflatoxins.

Draft Genome Sequence of Chryseobacterium sp. Strain GSE06, a Biocontrol Endophytic Bacterium Isolated from Cucumber (Cucumis sativus).

Chryseobacterium sp. strain GSE06 is a biocontrol endophytic bacterium against the destructive soilborne oomycete Phytophthora capsici, which causes Phytophthora blight of pepper. Here, we present its draft genome sequence, which contains genes related to biocontrol traits, such as colonization, antimicrobial activity, plant growth promotion, and abiotic or biotic stress adaptation.

Draft Genome Sequence of a Biocontrol Rhizobacterium, Chryseobacterium kwangjuense Strain KJ1R5, Isolated from Pepper (Capsicum annuum).

Strain KJ1R5 of the rhizobacterium ITALIC! Chryseobacterium kwangjuenseis an effective biocontrol agent against Phytophthora blight of pepper caused by a destructive soilborne oomycete, ITALIC! Phytophthora capsici Here, we present the draft genome sequence of strain KJ1R5, which contains genes related to biocontrol, plant growth promotion, and environmental stress adaptation.