Surface-Initiated Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization (SI-RAFT) to Produce Molecularly Imprinted Polymers on Graphene Oxide for Electrochemical Sensing of Methylparathion.

A nonenzymatic redox-responsive sensor was put forward for the detection of methylparathion (MP) by designing globular nanostructures of molecularly imprinted polymers on graphene oxide (GO@MIPs) via surface-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (SI-RAFT). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies have confirmed the successful formation of receptor layers of MIPs on RAFT agent-functionalized GO sheets. The electrochemical signal with an amplified current response was attained because of the enhanced diffusion rate of ions at the interface provided by widening the pore size of the MIP film.

Electrochemical detection of methyl parathion via a novel biosensor tailored on highly biocompatible electrochemically reduced graphene oxide-chitosan-hemoglobin coatings.

A quick electrochemical sensing tool by utilizing novel bioelectrode based on redox active protein hemoglobin (Hb) has been offered here for the determination of methylparathion (MP). The bioelectrode has been designed by immobilizing Hb on electrochemically reduced graphene oxide-chitosan (ERGO-CS/Hb/FTO) based biocompatible coatings. Fourier transform-infrared analyses (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), UV-visible and electrochemical characterization reveal the successful grafting of ERGO-CS/Hb/FTO.

Ultrasonication-Assisted Synthesis of a d-Glucosamine-Based β-CD Inclusion Complex and Its Application as an Aqueous Heterogeneous Organocatalytic System.

For the first time, an inclusion complex has been crafted between a carbohydrate-based molecule and a β-cyclodextrin (CD) hydrophobic cavity for asymmetric catalytic applications. This novel d-glucosamine-based inclusion compound has been synthesized in high yields using an innovative and proficient acoustic cavitation technology and well characterized using various techniques, such as infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and other spectroscopic techniques. It was observed that the inclusion of a d-glucosamine derivative into the hydrophobic cavity of β-CD increased its surface area and thermal stability.

Chitosan nanoparticles as a biocompatible and efficient nanowagon for benzyl isothiocyanate.

A plethora of evidences support the health benefits of a sulfur containing compound called Benzyl Isothiocyanate. However, its therapeutic application is limited due to its low solubility, poor stability and inadequate bioavailability. The problem has been worked upon and resolved by the synthesis of biodegradable nanoparticles using chitosan as the controlled delivery nanowagon.

Encompassment of Benzyl Isothiocyanate in cyclodextrin using ultrasonication methodology to enhance its stability for biological applications.

The use of methodical and innovative sonication method has been explored for the fabrication of inclusion complex of Benzyl Isothiocyanate, a potential anticancer and -antimicrobial agent. The advancement involved investigation of inclusion behaviour, characterisation and an in-depth study of thermal and UV stability of Benzyl Isothiocyanate with cyclodextrins; β-CD and hp-β-CD. The sonication driven encompassment in cyclodextrins helped to overcome the hindrance of low solubility and high volatility.

Ultrasound processed nanoemulsion: A comparative approach between resveratrol and resveratrol cyclodextrin inclusion complex to study its binding interactions, antioxidant activity and UV light stability.

Resveratrol is a naturally occurring therapeutic molecule used for treatment of diseases caused by oxidative stress. This investigation elucidates the advantages of fabrication of size controlled resveratrol inclusion complex. This has been done by encapsulating resveratrol-cyclodextrin inclusion complex in a phospholipid stabilized nanoemulsion formulated by ultrasonication emulsification method.

Physiochemical and cytotoxicity study of TPGS stabilized nanoemulsion designed by ultrasonication method.

The main aim of the present work was to prepare TPGS stabilized D-α-Tocopherol, lemon oil, tween-80, and water nanoemulsion by low cost and highly effective sonication method. The prepared nanoemulsion showed good stability for 60days at variable temperature conditions i.e.

Formulation and physiochemical study of α-tocopherol based oil in water nanoemulsion stabilized with non toxic, biodegradable surfactant: Sodium stearoyl lactate.

The unique properties such as high optical clarity, stability and enhanced bioavailability of nanoemulsion make them useful for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. In this work, sodium stearoyl lactate and Tween 80 surfactants were collectively used to fabricate alpha tocopherol based oil in water nanoemulsion using high energy ultrasonication method. The spherical nature of pure and drug loaded nanoemulsion has been confirmed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Formulation of saponin stabilized nanoemulsion by ultrasonic method and its role to protect the degradation of quercitin from UV light.

The objective of the present study was to prepare quercitin (QT) loaded o/w nanoemulsion using food grade surfactants (saponin and tween 80). The prepared nanoemulsion) was stable up to 30 days. The average particle size of the nanoemulsion was 52 ± 10 nm.

Nanoemulsions as an effective medium for encapsulation and stabilization of cholesterol/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex.

Background: Inclusion complex formation between β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and suitable guest molecules such as cholesterol (Ch) has regularly been exploited to design self-assembled structures. In the present study an effective nanoemulsion medium (lecithin/Tween 80/ethyl oleate/water) was selected for solubilizing and stabilizing Ch and Ch/β-CD inclusion complex. Phase solubility, spectroscopic, thermodynamic, Z-average diameter and morphological analyses were conducted.

Quantification of penoxsulam in soil and rice samples by matrix solid phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction followed by HPLC-UV method.

The paper exploits the development of novel, simple and sensitive methodology involving matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) and the comparison of MSPD with liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) for the evaluation of residual penoxsulam in soil and rice samples. Extracted samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet detector at 230 nm. Both methods were optimized, considering different parameters, and under optimum conditions, the mean recoveries obtained were in the range of 85-104 % for MSPD and 78.

Mixed surfactant based microemulsions as vehicles for enhanced solubilization and synthesis of organoselenium compounds.

We exploited the added degree of compositional freedom provided by mixed AOT/lecithin surfactants in reverse isooctane microemulsion to demonstrate that a small amount of added lecithin significantly enhances the solubility of organodiselenides over that in AOT reverse isooctane microemulsions alone. Conductivity results show that the added lecithin significantly increases the solubility of four different organodiselenides and raises the temperature required to induce percolation. FTIR, (1)H NMR, and UV-visible techniques were utilized to gain insight into the interactions of organodiselenides, AOT and lecithin headgroups with water in the micellar core.

Mixed anionic and zwitterionic surfactant based microemulsions as vehicles for solubilizing organodiselenides.

Spectral and physiochemical behavior of water/sodium bis-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT)/isooctane (ME-I) and water/AOT+lecithin (LC)/isooctane (ME-II) microemulsions has been investigated in the presence of organodiselenides. It was found that the OH, CO and C-O-C FTIR stretching frequency of the formulated microemulsions change with the addition of organodiselenides. Interaction with Acridine Orange (AO) indicates organodiselenide presence at the interface.

Behavior of acetyl modified amino acids in reverse micelles: a non-invasive and physiochemical approach.

The well-characterized, monodisperse nature of reverse micelles formed by sodium bis-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate/water/isooctane and their usefulness in assimilating compounds of varied interests have been exploited to investigate the effect of acetyl modified amino acids (MAA) viz., N-acetyl-L-glycine (NAG), N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), on the water pool and physiochemical properties. Non-invasive techniques such as FTIR and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy have been employed to analyze the interactions of MAA with core water and the AOT headgroup.