Investigation of alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity of Artabotrys sumatranus leaf extract using metabolomics, machine learning and molecular docking analysis.

One way to treat diabetes mellitus type II is by using α-glucosidase inhibitor, that will slow down the postprandial glucose intake. Metabolomics analysis of Artabotrys sumatranus leaf extract was used in this research to predict the active compounds as α-glucosidase inhibitors from this extract. Both multivariate statistical analysis and machine learning approaches were used to improve the confidence of the predictions.

Plasma inflammatory and angiogenic protein profiling of patients with sickle cell disease.

In this study, we aimed to explore the inflammatory and angiogenic pathways in sickle cell disease (SCD). We used proximity extension assay technology (Olink) to measure 92 plasma proteins involved in inflammation and angiogenesis. Plasma samples were collected from 57 SCD patients (sickle cell anaemia/HbS-β thalassaemia-thalassaemia) in steady-state and 13 healthy ethnicity-matched healthy controls (HCs).

Comparative analysis of bulk ceramics and thick film coatings for optimized energy storage technologies.

The present investigation provides an easy and affordable strategy for fabrication of functional ceramics BiNaTiO-SrFeO (BNT-SrF5) thick films on a flexible, inexpensive and electrically integrated substrate using electrophoretic deposition process (EPD). EPD is a widely accepted, environmentally friendly method for applying coatings from a colloidal suspension to conductive substrates. Lead-free ferroelectric BNT-SrF5 powder was synthesized by solid state method to fabricate bulk samples and thick films (30-160 μm) by EPD process.

Comparison of HiDAC Versus FLAG-IDA in the Treatment of Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia and High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome.

Background: Relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (HR-MDS) are associated with a poor prognosis. It is unknown which re-induction therapy provides the highest chance of durable remission. Commonly used therapies are high dose cytarabine (HiDAC) and triple therapy consisting of fludarabine, cytarabine, and idarubicin combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (FLAG-IDA).

Clinical and laboratory risk factors for sickle cell retinopathy and maculopathy: a scoping review of the current evidence.

Sickle cell retinopathy (SCR) is a complication of sickle cell disease (SCD) and can drastically impair visual acuity. Screening for SCR is therefore recommended, but evidence for optimal screening frequency on an individual level is lacking. This scoping review mapped the current evidence on risk factors for SCR and sickle cell maculopathy (SCM).

Leveraging local public health to advance antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) implementation and mitigate antimicrobial resistance (AMR): a scoping review.

Objective: To explore the role of local public health organisations in antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted. Peer-reviewed and grey literature from countries within the organisation for economic co-operation and development was searched between 1999 and 2023 using the concepts of local public health, AMR and AMS.

Time-restricted versus standard-duration immunosuppression after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Results of the prospective randomized HOVON-96 trial.

Cyclosporine A combined with mycophenolate mofetil (CsA/MMF) has become an established regimen for the prevention of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following non-myeloablative (NMA) allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). However, the optimal duration of immunosuppression (IS) has not yet been defined and overtreatment is of concern. We hypothesized that time-restricted IS with CsA/MMF would increase the proportion of patients with non-severe GVHD compared to standard-duration IS, thereby resulting in reduction of the relapse rate and improvement of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Dose Estimation for Indoor Radon, Occupational Radiation, and Electromagnetic Field Exposure in a Nuclear Medicine Department in Turkiye.

In this study, the occupational radiation dose, radon gas, and non-ionizing radiation doses originating from electromagnetic fields (EMF) to which radiation workers are exposed were monitored and evaluated for 1 y. Using electronic personnel dosimeters (EPD), average daily radiation doses based on the number of patients and annual average effective dose results of radiation workers were obtained over a period of 1 y. Also, the annual effective dose and risk values were calculated for 8 h and 24 h by taking radon gas measurements at 2-mo intervals in the nuclear medicine department.

A case report of refractory immune thrombocytopenia: Challenges in choice of therapies in resource limiting center.

Introduction And Importance: Refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a rare but serious condition causing significant morbidity and mortality due to inadequate response to standard treatments, resulting in persistent thrombocytopenia and increased bleeding risk.

Case Presentation: An 18-year-old female patient, diagnosed with ITP two years prior following excessive vaginal bleeding and fatigue, was initially treated with oral prednisolone for two months and discharged in improved condition. Eighteen months after treatment cessation, she presented with recurrent excessive vaginal bleeding, intermittent bilateral nasal bleeding, skin rash, blurred vision, fatigue, tinnitus, vertigo, and intermittent headaches (one-month duration).

Who actualizes postpartum contraceptive intentions? A trajectory cluster analysis.

Contraceptive intention is an important woman-centered indicator for family planning. Yet, few studies have examined the determinants of women or couples actualizing their contraceptive intentions. We leverage panel data from the Performance Monitoring for Action (PMA) survey in Ethiopia to examine these dynamics among a pregnancy cohort, over the first year postpartum.

Effect of voxelotor on cerebral perfusion and cerebral oxygen metabolism and cardiac stress in adult patients with sickle cell disease.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is complicated by silent cerebral infarcts (SCIs), for which anemia is an important risk factor. Despite normal oxygen delivery (OD), cerebral vascular reserve (CVR), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO) are diminished in SCD, possibly causing the formation of SCIs. Voxelotor inhibits polymerization by increasing the hemoglobin oxygen binding, ameliorating hemolytic anemia.

Recent advances in bioactive wound dressings.

Traditional wound dressings, despite their widespread use, face limitations, such as poor infection control and insufficient healing promotion. To address these challenges, bioactive materials have emerged as a promising solution in wound care. This comprehensive review explores the latest developments in wound healing technologies, starting with an overview of the importance of effective wound management, emphasising the need for advanced bioactive wound dressings.

Traumatic Posterior Fossa Acute Epidural Hematoma with Frontal Hemorrhagic Contusion in a 25-Year-Old Male: Immediate Craniotomy and Successful Recovery.

Traumatic posterior fossa extradural hematoma (PFEDH) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. It is characterized by the accumulation of blood between the dura mater and occipital bone, leading to compression of the brainstem. We report the case of a 25-year-old male who presented to the emergency department following a fall, exhibiting confusion and a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 14.

Fear of COVID-19 and mental health status among the medical students of a selected medical college in Bangladesh.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic and mental health of people are related to each other.

Aims: To assess the relationship between fear of COVID-19 (FCOV) and the psychological status of medical students of Bangladesh.

Methods: A total of 967 medical students and intern doctors of Sher-E-Bangla Medical College participated in this cross-sectional study.

Patterns and factors associated with electrolyte abnormalities among patients with heart failure in Uganda.

Background: Electrolyte abnormalities (EAs) worsen the clinical course of patients with heart failure (HF). The patterns of EAs vary among patients with HF. This study investigated patterns and factors associated with EAs among patients with HF admitted to Hoima Regional Referral Hospital (HRRH) in western Uganda.

Managing and Minimizing Online Survey Questionnaire Fraud: Lessons from the Triple C Project.

With the increasing sophistication of online survey tools and the necessity of distanced research during the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of online questionnaires for research purposes has proliferated. Still, many researchers undertake online survey research without knowledge of the prevalence and likelihood of experiencing survey questionnaire fraud nor familiarity with measures used to identify fraud once it has occurred. This research note is based on the experience of researchers across four sites who implemented an online survey of families' experiences with COVID-19 in the U.

The WE-RISE™ multi-domain intervention: a feasibility study for the potential reversal of cognitive frailty in Malaysian older persons of lower socioeconomic status.

Background: Cognitive frailty (CF) is an emerging concern among older persons, particularly within lower socioeconomic statuses (SES) populations. Currently, there is limited evidence on the potential reversibility of CF through multi-domain interventions within this demographic. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the WE-RISE™ multi-domain intervention in addressing the potential reversibility of CF among community-dwelling older persons of lower SES, the intervention effects on multiple health dimensions, and to determine if WE-RISE™ is of low cost.

Platelet counts to spleen diameter ratio: A promising noninvasive tool for predicting esophageal varices in cirrhosis patients.

Background: Liver cirrhosis is the end stage of progressive liver fibrosis as a consequence of chronic liver inflammation, wherein the standard hepatic architecture is replaced by regenerative hepatic nodules, which eventually lead to liver failure. Cirrhosis without any symptoms is referred to as compensated cirrhosis. Complications such as ascites, variceal bleeding, and hepatic encephalopathy indicate the onset of decompensated cirrhosis.