Improvement In Visual Acuity Six Months After Penetrating Keratoplasty In Patients Of Keratoconus.

Background: Keratoconus (KC) is a bilateral, asymmetric, corneal disorder that is characterized by progressive thinning, steepening, and potential scarring. In the early stages of keratoconus treatment can be modulated with contact lenses but once it reaches to scarring, penetrating keratoplasty (PK) is the standard procedure of care. As there is not enough published data on penetrating keratoplasty in Pakistan and also early visual outcomes post keratoconus keratoplasty have not been established so this study would be beneficial for further research and opting keratoplasty as a procedure for management of advance keratoconus.

Features and Diagnostic Accuracy of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration.

Introduction Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the important causes of visual impairment in aging population. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) is gold standard for the diagnosis of neovascular AMD (nAMD) while optical coherence tomography (OCT) aids in the diagnosis of nAMD and is very useful for follow-up. OCT angiography (OCTA) is an evolving imaging technology that can be used as a valid diagnostic tool to study morphology of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) that is seen in nAMD.