Alteration in inflammatory mediators in seriously eye-injured war veterans, long-term after sulfur mustard exposure.

Background: Sulfur mustard (SM) exposure produces extensive systemic and ocular adverse effects on the victims. One of the most important effects is immunological insults that can lead to other organ damages, including the eyes.

Methods: In this descriptive study, 128 SM-exposed veterans with severe eye injury were compared with 31 healthy controls.

The effect of sulfur mustard and nitrogen mustard on corneal collagen degradation induced by the enzyme collagenase.

Objective: Sulfur mustard (SM) is an alkylating agent that can affect cornea and induce various complications. With regard to the role of the enzyme collagenase in dermatologic complications induced by sm and its role in other ocular disorders, we studied the effect of SM and nitrogen mustard (NM) on collagen degradation by collagenase.

Materials And Methods: This study included 7 groups of samples: The negative control group contained collagen without collagenase and toxins, the control group contained collagen and collagenase without any toxin, the positive control groups of NM and SM contained collagen and NM or SM without collagenase, the experimental groups of NM and SM contained collagen that was affected by NM or SM and collagenase, and the control group of collagenase contained only collagenase without containing collagen or receiving toxins.

Prophylactic ophthalmic bethametazone for sulfur mustard-induced ocular injury.

Background: The present study sought to evaluate the prophylactic effect of bethametazone on sulfur mustard (SM)-induced ocular morphometric damage in the rabbit eye.

Methods: Twenty five healthy New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 4 groups of normal (not exposed to SM or solution), solution (exposed to solution), SM (exposed to SM), and prophylactic bethametazone (received eye solution of bethametazone then exposed to SM solution; then treated for 2 weeks). On the day 14 after exposure, five-micron sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin for light microscopy evaluation.

Long-term ocular consequences of sulfur mustard in seriously eye-injured war veterans.

Introduction: Sulfur mustard (SM) has been used as a dangerous chemical warfare agent since the early 20th century. Although many descriptive studies about SM-induced ocular injuries are present in the medical literature, few of them have been conducted over a large group with serious ocular involvement.

Materials And Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 149 severe SM-intoxicated war veterans.

Possible protection of the posterior segment by a phakic intraocular lens.

A 39-year-old man was referred with complaints of pain, redness, and reduced vision in the left eye after projectile trauma during hammering. Two years previously, anterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses (pIOLs) had been implanted to correct the patient's high myopia. On presentation, the best corrected visual acuity was 20/30 in the right eye and 20/50 in the left eye.

Corneal interface contamination during laser in situ keratomileusis.

Purpose: To measure the rate of corneal interface contamination during laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), determine probable sources of the contamination, and evaluate how the cornea reacts to the contamination.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Baqyatallah Hospital, Baqyatallah University, Tehran, Iran.

Methods: In this case series, 200 eyes were evaluated for the corneal interface contamination at the end of LASIK.

Chronic and delayed-onset mustard gas keratitis: report of 48 patients and review of literature.

Purpose: To report the clinical features of 93 eyes of 48 patients with chronic and delayed-onset mustard gas keratitis. Clinicopathologic correlation in 5 eyes and a review of related literature are presented.

Design: Retrospective, noncomparative case series.