Long-Term Prognosis After Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring Among Low-Intermediate Risk Women and Men.

Background: Cardiovascular screening of women using traditional risk factors has been challenging, with results often classifying a majority of women as lower risk than men. The aim of this report was to determine the long-term prognosis of asymptomatic women and men classified at low-intermediate risk undergoing screening with coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring.

Methods And Results: A total of 2363 asymptomatic women and men with traditional risk factors aggregating into a low-intermediate Framingham risk score (6%-9.

Osseous injuries of the foot: an imaging review. Part 2: the midfoot.

Injuries to the foot are a common cause for presentation to the emergency department (ED), and imaging is often used to aid in the diagnosis. The foot can be divided into three distinct anatomic regions: the forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot. Our manuscripts comprise a three-part imaging review in which we address the use of radiography as well as advanced imaging modalities.

Osseous injuries of the foot: an imaging review. Part 1: the forefoot.

Injuries to the foot are a common cause for presentation to the ED, and imaging is often used to aid in the diagnosis. The foot can be divided into three distinct anatomical regions: the forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot. Our manuscripts comprise a three-part imaging review in which we address the use of radiography as well as advanced imaging modalities.

Osseous injuries of the foot: an imaging review. Part 3: the hindfoot.

Injuries to the foot are a common cause for presentation to the emergency department, and imaging is often used to aid in the diagnosis. The foot can be divided into three distinct anatomic regions: the forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot. Our manuscripts comprise a three-part imaging review in which we address the use of radiography as well as advanced imaging modalities.

Enteric Distribution of Oral Contrast in Emergency Department Patients Undergoing Abdominal-Pelvic Computed Tomography.

Purpose: The study sought to assess the gastrointestinal (GI) distribution of oral contrast (OC) among emergency department (ED) patients and determine if contrast reaches the terminal ileum or site of pathology to assist in diagnosis.

Methods: Retrospectively, adults undergoing abdominal-pelvic computed tomography (APCT) in the ED at 2 hospitals were identified over a 3-month period. APCTs were reviewed for location of OC.

Sacrum and Coccyx Radiographs Have Limited Clinical Impact in the Emergency Department.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the yield and clinical impact of sacrum and coccyx radiographs in the emergency department (ED).

Materials And Methods: Consecutive sacrum and coccyx radiographs obtained in the EDs of four hospitals over a 6-year period were categorized as positive for acute fracture or dislocation, negative, or other. Five follow-up metrics were analyzed: follow-up advanced imaging in the same ED visit, follow-up advanced imaging within 30 days, new analgesic prescriptions, clinic follow-up, and surgical intervention within 60 days.

Coronary calcium scoring for long-term mortality prediction in patients with and without a family history of coronary disease.

Objective: Minimal data are available regarding the long-term mortality risk of subclinical atherosclerosis using coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring among patients with a family history (FH) of coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of the present analysis was to assess the prognostic utility of CAC scoring among cohorts of young and older patients with and without a FH of CAD.

Methods: A total of 9715 consecutive asymptomatic patients, free of known CAD, underwent CAC scoring for cardiovascular risk assessment.

Overnight shift work: factors contributing to diagnostic discrepancies.

The aims of the study are to identify factors contributing to preliminary interpretive discrepancies on overnight radiology resident shifts and apply this data in the context of known literature to draw parallels to attending overnight shift work schedules. Residents in one university-based training program provided preliminary interpretations of 18,488 overnight (11 pm–8 am) studies at a level 1 trauma center between July 1, 2013 and December 31, 2014. As part of their normal workflow and feedback, attendings scored the reports as major discrepancy, minor discrepancy, agree, and agree--good job.

The top 100 articles in the radiology of trauma: a bibliometric analysis.

The purpose of this study was to identify the 100 top-cited articles in the radiology of trauma, analyze the resulting database to understand factors resulting in highly cited works, and establish trends in trauma imaging. An initial database was created via a Web of Science (WOS) search of all scientific journals using the search terms "trauma" and either "radiology" or a diagnostic modality. Articles were ranked by citation count and screened by two attending radiologists plus a tiebreaker for appropriateness.

Imaging Foreign Bodies: Ingested, Aspirated, and Inserted.

Foreign bodies can gain entrance to the body through several mechanisms, ie, ingestion, aspiration, and purposeful insertion. For each of these common entry mechanisms, this article examines the epidemiology, clinical presentation, anatomic considerations, and key imaging characteristics associated with clinically relevant foreign bodies seen in the emergency department (ED) setting. We detail optimal use of multiple imaging techniques, including radiography, ultrasonography, fluoroscopy, and computed tomography to evaluate foreign bodies and their associated complications.

What's in a name? Lower extremity fracture eponyms (Part 2).

Eponymous extremity fractures are commonly encountered in the emergency setting. Correct eponym usage allows rapid, succinct communication of complex injuries. We review both common and less frequently encountered extremity fracture eponyms, focusing on imaging features to identify and differentiate these injuries.

What's in a name? Upper extremity fracture eponyms (Part 1).

Eponymous extremity fractures are commonly encountered in the emergency setting. Correct eponym usage allows rapid, succinct communication of complex injuries. We will review both common and less frequently encountered extremity fracture eponyms, focusing on imaging features to identify and differentiate these injuries.

Ipilimumab and Stereotactic Radiosurgery Versus Stereotactic Radiosurgery Alone for Newly Diagnosed Melanoma Brain Metastases.

Background: We compared the safety and efficacy of ipilimumab and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to SRS alone for newly diagnosed melanoma brain metastases (MBM).

Materials And Methods: We reviewed records of newly diagnosed MBM patients treated with SRS from 2009 to 2013. The primary endpoint of overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints of local control, distant intracranial failure, and radiation necrosis were compared using Kaplan-Meier method.

Firearms, bullets, and wound ballistics: an imaging primer.

Based on its intrinsic mass and velocity, a bullet has an upper limit of wounding potential. Actual wound severity is a function of the bullet construction and trajectory, as well as the properties of the tissues traversed. Interpreting physicians must evaluate the bullet trajectory and describe patterns of injury resulting from the effect of energy transfer from the projectile into living tissue.

Specific Radiological Findings of Traumatic Gastrointestinal Tract Injuries in Patients With Blunt Chest and Abdominal Trauma.

Gastrointestinal hollow viscus injury after blunt chest and abdominal trauma is uncommon and complicates 0.6%-1.2% of all cases of trauma.

Imaging of vascular pseudoaneurysms in the thorax and abdomen.

Introduction: This review article illustrates a spectrum of arterial pseudoaneurysms that may occur in various locations throughout the thoracoabdominal region. This article discusses the common etiologies and typical clinical presentations of arterial pseudoaneurysms as well as the imaging modalities employed in their diagnosis and potential treatment options.

Objective: The goal of this review article is to familiarize radiologists with the diagnosis of thoracoabdominal arterial pseudoaneurysms, the prompt identification and treatment of which are crucial in this patient population.

Characterization of cardiac quiescence from retrospective cardiac computed tomography using a correlation-based phase-to-phase deviation measure.

Purpose: Accurate knowledge of cardiac quiescence is crucial to the performance of many cardiac imaging modalities, including computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA). To accurately quantify quiescence, a method for detecting the quiescent periods of the heart from retrospective cardiac computed tomography (CT) using a correlation-based, phase-to-phase deviation measure was developed.

Methods: Retrospective cardiac CT data were obtained from 20 patients (11 male, 9 female, 33-74 yr) and the left main, left anterior descending, left circumflex, right coronary artery (RCA), and interventricular septum (IVS) were segmented for each phase using a semiautomated technique.

Association of lumbar fractures, abdominal aortic calcification, and osteopenia.

Purpose: The purpose was to assess if abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and low bone mineral density (BMD) are associated with fractures on lumbar spine radiographs in trauma patients.

Methods: Retrospectively, 303 consecutive lumbar radiographs were independently reviewed by two radiologists for AAC, low BMD, and traumatic findings.

Results: Thirty-one percent of patients had low BMD, 34% had AAC, and 24% had both.