Probing the anti-Aβ42 aggregation and protective effects of prenylated xanthone against Aβ42-induced toxicity in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) protein aggregates, leading to synaptic dysfunction and neuronal cell death. In this study, we used a comprehensive approach encompassing in vitro assays, computational analyses, and an in vivo Caenorhabditis elegans model to evaluate the inhibitory effects of various xanthones, focusing on Garcinone D (GD), on Aβ42 oligomer formation. Dot blot analysis revealed concentration-dependent responses among xanthones, with GD consistently inhibiting Aβ42 oligomer formation at low concentrations (0.

Discovery of blood-brain barrier permeant amine-functionalized aurones as inhibitors of activated microglia.

Sulfuretin, a naturally occurring aurone is reported to inhibit macrophage and microglia activation. A series of aurones incorporating basic amines and lipophilic functionalities at ring A and/or ring B were synthesized to improve upon present sulfuretin activity towards targeting brain microglia while overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Evaluation of the ability of the aurones to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) secretion by murine BV-2 microglia has identified several inhibitors showing significant NO reduction at 1 to 10 µM.

Quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia Jack roots and their potential inhibitory activity against human benign prostatic hyperplasia cells (BPH-1) and testosterone-induced BPH rat model.

Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the prostate gland, because of hormonal changes in aging males which contribute significantly to excessive proliferation over apoptosis of prostatic cells. The anti-proliferative and induced apoptotic activities of Eurycoma longifolia quassinoids on cancer cell lines could be promising therapeutic targets on BPH. Hitherto, no report of the quassinoids against BPH problem was available.

Cellulose hydrogel development from unbleached oil palm biomass pulps for dermal drug delivery.

Hydrogels are an attractive platform for drug delivery to the skin. Current cellulose hydrogel developments commonly focus on readily available bleached woody cellulose. Considering the detrimental environmental impacts of bleaching reagents, unbleached non-woody biomass was proposed as an alternative.

Safe and selective anticancer agents from tetrafluorinated azobenzene-imidazolium ionic liquids: Synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxic effects.

A new series of tetrafluorinated azobenzene-imidazolium salts is reported. The azobenzene and imidazolium moieties were functionalized with long alkyl chains and connected via a methylene spacer of varying lengths (n = 3-12). They were characterized using FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, and elemental microanalysis.

N-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots/Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposites: A Study of ROS-Forming Mechanisms, Cytotoxicity and Photodynamic Therapy.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) have been proven to be potential candidates in cancer therapy, particularly photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the application of TiO NPs is limited due to the fast recombination rate of the electron (e)/hole (h) pairs attributed to their broader bandgap energy. Thus, surface modification has been explored to shift the absorption edge to a longer wavelength with lower e/h recombination rates, thereby allowing penetration into deep-seated tumors.

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potentials of Leaf Extracts: A Comparison of Supercritical Fluid and Conventional Extraction Methods.

The leaves of (CP) are rich in natural antioxidants. has traditionally been used to treat various ailments, including skin diseases. This study aims to decipher the antioxidant effects and phytochemical content of different CP leaf extracts (CPEs) obtained using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO) and conventional extraction methods.