Beta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling of scalp electroencephalography during walking preparation in Parkinson's disease differs depending on the freezing of gait.

Introduction: Despite using beta oscillations within the subthalamic nucleus as a biomarker of akinesia or rigidity in Parkinson's disease, a specific biomarker for freezing of gait (FOG) remains unclear. Recently, scalp phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) measured through scalp electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a promising tool for analyzing brain function. In this study, we examined whether PAC could be a biomarker for FOG.

Monosaccharide composition, physicochemical characteristics, and prebiotic activity of purified polysaccharides from red mushroom prepared using ultrasonic-assisted extraction.

The objective of this study was to develop a purified polysaccharide for use in prebiotic research. The monosaccharide composition, physicochemical characteristics, and prebiotic activities of the polysaccharides were determined. Additionally, the total protein, total sugar, antioxidant activities, and molecular weights of the polysaccharides were subjected to analysis.

Review on the seroprevalence of neglected tropical diseases affecting the indigenous community in Malaysia (from 2010-2022).

The indigenous community in Malaysia also known as Orang Asli have preserved their unique cultural identity in the face of rapid national development and modernization efforts. Over the years, poverty alleviation has become a central pillar of Malaysia development. In this review, seroprevalence report from the Orang Asli and their health status about neglected tropical diseases were collated and analyzed.

Fermented By-Products of Banana Wine Production Improve Slaughter Performance, Meat Quality, and Flavor Fingerprint of Domestic Chicken.

This study aimed to compare the effects of incorporating fermented feed into daily diets on the slaughter performance, meat quality, and flavor compounds of 120 domestic chickens over a 140-day period. A total of five groups (n = 24), including the control group (CK) of the Guangxi Partridge chickens received a standard base diet. The other four groups were provided with pellets that had been added with 10% fermented banana peel (Pe-10), 20% fermented banana peel (Pe-20), 10% fermented banana pulp residue (Pu-10), and 20% fermented banana pulp residue (Pu-20).

M/EEG source localization for both subcortical and cortical sources using a convolutional neural network with a realistic head conductivity model.

While electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are well-established noninvasive methods in neuroscience and clinical medicine, they suffer from low spatial resolution. Electrophysiological source imaging (ESI) addresses this by noninvasively exploring the neuronal origins of M/EEG signals. Although subcortical structures are crucial to many brain functions and neuronal diseases, accurately localizing subcortical sources of M/EEG remains particularly challenging, and the feasibility is still a subject of debate.

Detection of several volatile organic compounds through Ar induced chemical ionisation using inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS).

A new analytical technique for detection of organic compounds using inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) is described. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were introduced into the collision/reaction cell (CRC), instead of through the ICP ion source, and the molecules were ionised through an ion reaction, induced by collision with the primary ions (Ar) produced in the ICP. The ionisation characteristics of this new approach were investigated by mass spectrometric analysis of eight VOCs (, benzene, toluene, ethyl acetate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, pentyl acetate, pyridine, and 2-methylfuran).

Seroprevalences and their associated predictors of chikungunya, dengue, Japanese encephalitis and zika among forest fringe dwellers of Peninsular Malaysia.

Serological evidence has shown the presence of several mosquito-borne arbovirus infections among the inhabitants of the forest fringe areas of the tropics. Among these infections, Japanese encephalitis, dengue fever, chikungunya fever and Zika fever could be targeted for vaccination to overcome severe infection and limit the disease transmission. Seroprevalence data among this high-risk population are needed to provide an estimate of the potential cost-effectiveness of any vaccine programme targeting these infections.

Rapid prototyping of thermoplastic microfluidic devices via SLA 3D printing.

Microfluidic devices have immense potential for widespread community use, but a current bottleneck is the transition from research prototyping into mass production because the gold standard prototyping strategy is too costly and labor intensive when scaling up fabrication throughput. For increased throughput, it is common to mold devices out of thermoplastics due to low per-unit costs at high volumes. However, conventional fabrication methods have high upfront development expenses with slow mold fabrication methods that limit the speed of design evolution for expedited marketability.

Accuracy of Boltless Frame-Based Stereo-Electroencephalography Electrode Implantation.

Background And Objectives: Boltless implantation of stereo-electroencephalography electrode is a useful alternative especially when anchor bolt is not available such as in country with limited resources or is less appropriate such as placement in patients with thin skull or at the occiput area, despite some drawbacks including potential dislodgement. While the accuracy of implantation using anchor bolt is well-studied, data on boltless implantation remain scarce. This study aimed to reveal the accuracy, permissible error for actual placement of electrodes within the grey matter, and delayed electrode dislodgement in boltless implantation.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation focusing on patients with neuropathic pain in the upper limb: a randomized sham-controlled parallel trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of navigation-guided repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the primary motor cortex in patients with neuropathic pain in the upper limb. This randomized, blinded, sham-controlled, parallel trial included a rTMS protocol (10-Hz, 2000 pulses/session) consisting of five daily sessions, followed by one session per week for the next seven weeks. Pain intensity, as well as pain-related disability, quality of life, and psychological status, were assessed.

Microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy with video telescopic operating microscope (VITOM) telescope: outcome analysis.

Conventional techniques of varicocele repair are associated with substantial risks of hydrocele formation, ligation of the testicular artery, and varicocele recurrence. The advantages of the microscopic approach to varicocele repairs are detailed identification and preservation of the vascular structures. In this study, our purpose is to review the outcome of all patients that underwent microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy with the video telescopic operating microscope (VITOM).

Experiences of living with overweight/obesity and early type 2 diabetes in Singapore-a qualitative interview study.

Objectives: To understand the lived experience of adults with overweight/obesity and early type 2 diabetes in a modern urban environment, and the interrelations among the various aspects of these experiences and participants' attitudes to weight management.

Design: Qualitative inductive approach to analysing data thematically from semistructured interviews and interpreted from a socioecological perspective.

Setting: Primary care clinics located in northern and central Singapore.

Feasibility of a low-cost magnet tracking device in confirming nasogastric tube placement at point of care, a clinical trial.

An affordable and reliable way of confirming the placement of nasogastric tube (NGT) at point-of-care is an unmet need. Using a novel algorithm and few sensors, we developed a low-cost magnet tracking device and showed its potential to localize the NGT preclinically. Here, we embark on a first-in-human trial.

Amylase-assisted extraction alters nutritional and physicochemical properties of polysaccharides and saponins isolated from spp.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of amylase in hydrolyzing complex carbohydrates of different parts of spp. The aqueous extracts of the samples were analyzed for their selected nutritional composition and physicochemical properties. The purified extracts were also structurally characterized.

Estimation of fMRI responses related to epileptic discharges using Bayesian hierarchical modeling.

Simultaneous electroencephalography-functional MRI (EEG-fMRI) is a unique and noninvasive method for epilepsy presurgical evaluation. When selecting voxels by null-hypothesis tests, the conventional analysis may overestimate fMRI response amplitudes related to interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs), especially when IEDs are rare. We aimed to estimate fMRI response amplitudes represented by blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) percentage changes related to IEDs using a hierarchical model.

Characteristics of Changes in Intrathecal Baclofen Dosage over Time due to Causative Disease.

Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) therapy effectively treats spasticity caused by brain or spinal cord lesions. However, only a few studies compare the course of treatment for different diseases. We investigated the change in daily dose of baclofen per year and its associated adverse events in patients presenting with the three most common etiologies at our institute: hereditary spastic paraplegia, cerebral palsy, and spinal cord injury.

Utilization of three-dimensional fusion images with high-resolution computed tomography angiography for preoperative evaluation of microvascular decompression: patient series.

Background: High-resolution computed tomography (CT), outfitted with a 0.25-mm detector, has superior capability for identifying microscopic anatomical structures compared to conventional CT. This study describes the use of high-resolution computed tomography angiography (CTA) for preoperative microvascular decompression (MVD) assessment and explores the potential effectiveness of three-dimensional (3D) image fusion with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by comparing it with traditional imaging methods.

Buffalo yogurt fermented with commercial starter and Lactobacillus plantarum originating from breast milk lowered blood pressure in pregnant hypertensive rats.

Nutritional therapy, which may have advantages over medication, is being investigated as a novel treatment for pregnancy-induced hypertension. Several studies have shown that probiotic yogurt supplementation during pregnancy has beneficial effects on maternal and fetal health. In this study, fermented buffalo milk was produced with yogurt culture and Lactobacillus plantarum B, a probiotic isolated from healthy breast milk with high angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity.

BioQuant: Data Processing Software for Simultaneous Imaging Analysis for Elements and Molecules Using Two Mass Spectrometers.

Simultaneous imaging analysis for both elements and molecules was conducted by introducing laser-induced sample particles into two separate mass spectrometers (., an inorganic spectrometer and an organic mass spectrometer) through the split-flow protocol. The timing of ion detections for elements and molecules can be different, reflecting the differences in mass scan rates, lengths for transport tubing, and flow rates of carrier gases, and thus, the timing of ion detections must be carefully aligned to discuss abundance correlations between elements and molecules.

[Electrocorticography Recorded from Subdural Electrodes and Stereo-Electroencephalography].

Epilepsy surgeons often encounter drug-resistant focal epilepsy, which needs to be diagnosed so that the epileptic foci can be identified and the patient treated. When noninvasive preoperative evaluation cannot determine the region of seizure onset or eloquent cortical areas, invasive epileptic video-EEG monitoring using intracranial electrodes needs to be applied. While subdural electrodes have been used to accurately identify epileptogenic foci via electrocorticography for some time, the use of stereo-electroencephalography has recently exploded in Japan, due to its less invasive nature and its better ability to reveal epileptogenic networks.

Exploring the potential of thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion between agro-industrial waste and water hyacinth: operational performance, kinetic study and degradation pathway.

Anaerobic co-digestion (co-AD) of agro-industrial waste, namely, palm oil mill effluent (POME) and sugarcane vinasse (Vn), with water hyacinth (WH) as co-substrate was carried out in two separate Anaerobic Suspended Growth Closed Bioreactors (ASGCBs) under thermophilic (55 °C) conditions. The highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) and soluble COD reduction in co-AD of POME-WH (78.61%, 78.

Clinical Factors Related to Outcomes in Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery: Insight into Predictors of Poor Surgical Outcome.

Successful surgery for drug-resistant pediatric epilepsy can facilitate motor and cognitive development and improve quality of life by resolution or reduction of epileptic seizures. Therefore, surgery should be considered early in the disease course. However, in some cases, the estimated surgical outcomes are not achieved, and additional surgical treatments are considered.