Exploring the role of Bisphenol A in obesity-driven colorectal cancer progression: network toxicology and multi-organ pathology in animal models.

Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor, is linked to cancer progression in estrogen-responsive tissues, but its role in promoting colorectal cancer (CRC) progression in the context of obesity remains underexplored. This study examines BPA's influence on CRC in obese Sprague-Dawley rats using network toxicology and experimental models. Computational analysis using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery identified pathways such as "CRC" and "chemical carcinogenesis-receptor activation", implicating the PI3K-AKT pathway in IL-1 beta upregulation and BPA's role in CRC during obesity.

Circulating Tumor Cells Culture: Methods, Challenges, and Clinical Applications.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a pivotal role in cancer metastasis and hold considerable potential for clinical diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and prognostic evaluation. Nevertheless, the limited quantity of CTCs in liquid biopsy samples poses challenges for comprehensive downstream analysis. In vitro culture of CTCs can effectively address the issue of insufficient CTC numbers.

Rapid and Visual Detection of Urinary Pathogens by Employing Bifunctional Deoxyribonucleic Acid Sensors and Aggregation of Gold Nanoparticles.

A simple, rapid, and visual approach is developed to perform diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) by employing smart bifunctional DNA (bfDNA) sensors, exonuclease III, concatermers of CuO nanoparticles (CuONPs), and gold NPs (AuNPs) aggregation [AuNPs agglutination (AA)], namely, the bfDEC-AA method. The bfDNA sensors serve as probes for identifying 16S rRNA genes of bacterium or 18S rRNA of fungus and as mediators connecting the concatermers of CuONPs. The AA as a signal source is triggered by Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition click chemistry.

Path Planning and Motion Control of Robot Dog Through Rough Terrain Based on Vision Navigation.

This article delineates the enhancement of an autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance system for a quadruped robot dog. Part one of this paper presents the integration of a sophisticated multi-level dynamic control framework, utilizing Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Whole-Body Control (WBC) from MIT Cheetah. The system employs an Intel RealSense D435i depth camera for depth vision-based navigation, which enables high-fidelity 3D environmental mapping and real-time path planning.

Neuroendocrine tumours and pregnancy: Real-world data from an European Neuroendocrine Tumour Centre of Excellence.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) arise from the diffuse endocrine system and have been considered to be rare. However, the incidence and prevalence of these tumours have increased in recent years, and they are being seen in younger patients including women in the reproductive age group. Due to the paucity of data, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in managing such tumours during pregnancy can be challenging to both treating physicians and patients.

One-step high-speed thermal-electric aerosol printing of piezoelectric bio-organic films for wirelessly powering bioelectronics.

Piezoelectric biomaterials hold a pivotal role in the progression of bioelectronics and biomedicine, owing to their remarkable electromechanical properties, biocompatibility, and bioresorbability. However, their technological potential is restrained by certain challenges, including precise manipulation of nanobiomolecules, controlling their growth across nano-to-macro hierarchy, and tuning desirable mechanical properties. We report a high-speed thermal-electric driven aerosol (TEA) printing method capable of fabricating piezoelectric biofilms in a singular step.

Dual-species proteomics and targeted intervention of animal-pathogen interactions.

Introduction: Host-microbe interactions are important to human health and ecosystems globally, so elucidating the complex host-microbe interactions and associated protein expressions drives the need to develop sensitive and accurate biochemical techniques. Current proteomics techniques reveal information from the point of view of either the host or microbe, but do not provide data on the corresponding partner. Moreover, it remains challenging to simultaneously study host-microbe proteomes that reflect the direct competition between host and microbe.

Bacterial Iron Siderophore Drives Tumor Survival and Ferroptosis Resistance in a Biofilm-Tumor Spheroid Coculture Model.

Interactions between tumoral cells and tumor-associated bacteria within the tumor microenvironment play a significant role in tumor survival and progression, potentially impacting cancer treatment outcomes. In lung cancer patients, the Gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa raises questions about its role in tumor survival. Here, a microfluidic-based 3D-human lung tumor spheroid-P.

Bacterial reprogramming of tick metabolism impacts vector fitness and susceptibility to infection.

Arthropod-borne pathogens are responsible for hundreds of millions of infections in humans each year. The blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis, is the predominant arthropod vector in the United States and is responsible for transmitting several human pathogens, including the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi and the obligate intracellular rickettsial bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis. However, tick metabolic response to microbes and whether metabolite allocation occurs upon infection remain unknown.

Singapore tuberculosis (TB) clinical management guidelines 2024: A modified Delphi adaptation of international guidelines for drug-susceptible TB infection and pulmonary disease.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains endemic in Singapore. Singapore's clinical practice guidelines for the management of tuberculosis were first published in 2016. Since then, there have been major new advances in the clinical management of TB, ranging from diagnostics to new drugs and treatment regimens.

Chronic treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptor co-agonist causes weight loss-independent improvements in hepatic steatosis in mice with diet-induced obesity.

Objectives: Co-agonists at the glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptors (GLP1R/GCGR) show promise as treatments for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Although most co-agonists to date have been heavily GLP1R-biased, glucagon directly acts on the liver to reduce fat content. The aims of this study were to investigate a GCGR-biased co-agonist as treatment for hepatic steatosis in mice.

Targeting the incretin system in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are widespread, non-communicable diseases that are responsible for considerable levels of morbidity and mortality globally, primarily in the form of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Changes to lifestyle and behaviour have insufficient long-term efficacy in most patients with these diseases; metabolic surgery, although effective, is not practically deliverable on the scale that is required. Over the past two decades, therapies based on incretin hormones, spearheaded by glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor agonists (GLP1RAs), have become the treatment of choice for obesity and T2DM, and clinical evidence now suggests that these agents have benefits for CVD.

A three-dimensional liquid diode for soft, integrated permeable electronics.

Wearable electronics with great breathability enable a comfortable wearing experience and facilitate continuous biosignal monitoring over extended periods. However, current research on permeable electronics is predominantly at the stage of electrode and substrate development, which is far behind practical applications with comprehensive integration with diverse electronic components (for example, circuitry, electronics, encapsulation). Achieving permeability and multifunctionality in a singular, integrated wearable electronic system remains a formidable challenge.

Alexis retractor efficacy in transthoracic thoracoscopically assisted discectomy for thoracic disc herniations.

Purpose: A transthoracic anterior or lateral approach for giant thoracic disc herniations is a complex operation which requires optimal exposure and maximal visualisation. Traditional metal rigid retractors may inflict significant skin trauma especially with prolonged operative use and limit the working angles of endoscopic instrumentation at depth. We pioneer the use of the Alexis retractor in transthoracic thoracoscopically assisted discectomy for the first time.

Society for Endocrinology guidelines for the diagnosis and management of post-bariatric hypoglycaemia.

Unlabelled: Post bariatric hypoglycaemia (PBH) is typically a post-prandial hypoglycaemia occurring about 2-4 hours after eating in people who have undergone bariatric surgery. PBH develops relatively late after surgery and often after discharge from post-surgical follow-up by bariatric teams, leading to variability in diagnosis and management in non-specialist centres.

Aim: to improve and standardise clinical practice in the diagnosis and management of PBH.

AIEgen-deep: Deep learning of single AIEgen-imaging pattern for cancer cell discrimination and preclinical diagnosis.

This study introduces AIEgen-Deep, an innovative classification program combining AIEgen fluorescent dyes, deep learning algorithms, and the Segment Anything Model (SAM) for accurate cancer cell identification. Our approach significantly reduces manual annotation efforts by 80%-90%. AIEgen-Deep demonstrates remarkable accuracy in recognizing cancer cell morphology, achieving a 75.

A Novel Hybrid Deep Learning Method for Predicting the Flow Fields of Biomimetic Flapping Wings.

The physics governing the fluid dynamics of bio-inspired flapping wings is effectively characterized by partial differential equations (PDEs). Nevertheless, the process of discretizing these equations at spatiotemporal scales is notably time consuming and resource intensive. Traditional PDE-based computations are constrained in their applicability, which is mainly due to the presence of numerous shape parameters and intricate flow patterns associated with bionic flapping wings.

Juglone as a Natural Quorum Sensing Inhibitor against pqs-Mediated Virulence and Biofilms.

is a notorious opportunistic pathogen associated with chronic biofilm-related infections, posing a significant challenge to effective treatment strategies. Quorum sensing (QS) and biofilm formation are critical virulence factors employed by , contributing to its pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance. Other than the homoserine-based QS systems, also possesses the quinolone-based Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) QS signaling.

Increased glycemic variability in pregnant women with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass compared with sleeve gastrectomy.

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as reduced birth weight and premature birth. One possible mechanism for this is increased glycemic variability (GV) which occurs after bariatric surgery. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) versus vertical sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on GV during pregnancy and to investigate the relationships of GV, type of bariatric surgery and maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Microfluidics-based patient-derived disease detection tool for deep learning-assisted precision medicine.

Cancer spatial and temporal heterogeneity fuels resistance to therapies. To realize the routine assessment of cancer prognosis and treatment, we demonstrate the development of an Intelligent Disease Detection Tool (IDDT), a microfluidic-based tumor model integrated with deep learning-assisted algorithmic analysis. IDDT was clinically validated with liquid blood biopsy samples (n = 71) from patients with various types of cancers (e.