Chiral topological light for detection of robust enantiosensitive observables.

The topological response of matter to electromagnetic fields is a highly demanded property in materials design and metrology due to its robustness against noise and decoherence, stimulating recent advances in ultrafast photonics. Embedding topological properties into the enantiosensitive optical response of chiral molecules could therefore enhance the efficiency and robustness of chiral optical discrimination. Here we achieve such a topological embedding by introducing the concept of chiral topological light-a light beam which displays chirality locally, with an azimuthal distribution of its handedness described globally by a topological charge.

Investigation of Phase Shifts Using AUC Diagrams: Application to Differential Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease and Essential Tremor.

This study was motivated by the well-known problem of the differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and essential tremor using the phase shift between the tremor signals in the antagonist muscles of patients. Different phase shifts are typical for different diseases; however, it remains unclear how this parameter can be used for clinical diagnosis. Neurophysiological papers have reported different estimations of the accuracy of this parameter, which varies from insufficient to 100%.

Interferometry of quantum revivals.

It has recently been shown that an interferometric approach can be used to obtain Auger lifetimes in molecules in certain point groups. Here, we extend this concept to those molecular states for which Auger decay is energetically forbidden and which exhibit initial quasi-exponential decay followed by quantum revivals. We demonstrate that this allows us to extract the quasi-exponential decay rate and the revival timescale.

Enantiosensitive steering of free-induction decay.

Chiral discrimination, a problem of vital importance, has recently become an emerging frontier in ultrafast physics, with remarkable progress achieved in multiphoton and strong-field regimes. Rydberg excitations, unavoidable in the strong-field regime and intentional for few-photon processes, arise in all these approaches. Here, we show how to harness this ubiquitous feature by introducing a new phenomenon, enantiosensitive free-induction decay, steered by a tricolor chiral field at a gentle intensity, structured in space and time.

Dialogue on analytical and ab initio methods in attoscience.

The perceived dichotomy between analytical and ab initio approaches to theory in attosecond science is often seen as a source of tension and misconceptions. This Topical Review compiles the discussions held during a round-table panel at the 'Quantum Battles in Attoscience' cecam virtual workshop, to explore the sources of tension and attempt to dispel them. We survey the main theoretical tools of attoscience-covering both analytical and numerical methods-and we examine common misconceptions, including the relationship between ab initio approaches and the broader numerical methods, as well as the role of numerical methods in 'analytical' techniques.

High-order parametric generation of coherent XUV radiation.

Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation finds numerous applications in spectroscopy. When the XUV light is generated via high-order harmonic generation (HHG), it may be produced in the form of attosecond pulses, allowing access to unprecedented ultrafast phenomena. However, the HHG efficiency remains limited.

Molecular Auger Interferometry.

We introduce and present a theory of interferometric measurement of a normal Auger decay lifetime in molecules. Molecular Auger interferometry is based on the coherent phase control of Auger dynamics in a two-color (ω/2ω) laser field. We show that, in contrast to atoms, in oriented molecules of certain point groups the relative ω/2ω phase modulates the total ionization yield.

Normal and pathological gait classification LSTM model.

Computer vision-based clinical gait analysis is the subject of permanent research. However, there are very few datasets publicly available; hence the comparison of existing methods between each other is not straightforward. Even if the test data are in an open access, existing databases contain very few test subjects and single modality measurements, which limit their usage.

Oxide thin films as bioactive coatings.

Growth and survival of biological cells (eukaryotes and prokaryotes) on artificial environments often depend on their interactions with the specific surface. Various organic materials can be coated on substrates to assist cells' adhesion and other subsequent cellular processes. However, these coatings are expensive, degrade over short time period, and may even interfere with the cells' signaling processes.

[The application of bioresonance therapy for the correction of the overtrained athlete syndrome].

Background: Physical overload results in the development of pathological changes in the organs and systems and thereby causes their dysfunction. This leads to disadaptation, vegetative imbalance, and disturbances in the cardiovascular, nervous, endocrine and other systems. Taken together, these changes give rise to a syndrome of overtraining.

Chirp-control of resonant high-order harmonic generation in indium ablation plumes driven by intense few-cycle laser pulses.

We have studied high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in an indium ablation plume driven by intense few-cycle laser pulses centered at 775 nm as a function of the frequency chirp of the laser pulse. We found experimentally that resonant emission lines between 19.7 eV and 22.

Triple negative invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast presents as small bowel obstruction.

Metastasis from breast carcinoma to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is very uncommon. To date, only a few cases have been described worldwide. Of those which do metastasize to the GIT, only estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2-neu receptor positive cancers have been reported and none have been mentioned in the U.

Optical tweezers study of red blood cell aggregation and disaggregation in plasma and protein solutions.

Kinetics of optical tweezers (OT)-induced spontaneous aggregation and disaggregation of red blood cells (RBCs) were studied at the level of cell doublets to assess RBC interaction mechanics. Measurements were performed under in vitro conditions in plasma and fibrinogen and fibrinogen + albumin solutions. The RBC spontaneous aggregation kinetics was found to exhibit different behavior depending on the cell environment.

Direct measurements of magnetic interaction-induced cross-correlations of two microparticles in Brownian motion.

The effect of magnetic interactions on the Brownian motion of two magnetic microparticles is investigated. The cross-correlations of the thermal fluctuations of the two magnetic microbeads are directly measured using double-trap optical tweezers. It is experimentally demonstrated that the cross-correlation function is governed by the gradient of the magnetic force between the microparticles.

Sex differences in heart rate variability: a longitudinal study in international elite cross-country skiers.

Purpose: Exercise-related sudden cardiac deaths (SCD) occur with a striking male predominance. A higher sympathetic tone in men has been suggested as risk factor for SCD. Elite athletes have the highest risk for exercise-related SCD.

Collagen tissue treated with chitosan solutions in carbonic acid for improved biological prosthetic heart valves.

Calcification of bovine pericardium dramatically shortens typical lifetimes of biological prosthetic heart valves and thus precludes their choice for younger patients. The aim of the present work is to demonstrate that the calcification is to be mitigated by means of treatment of bovine pericardium in solutions of chitosan in carbonic acid, i.e.

An effect of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors on the kinetics of red blood cells aggregation.

The reversible aggregation of red blood cells (RBCs) continues to be of the basic science and clinical interest. Recently it has been reported about a specific binding between fibrinogen and unknown erythrocyte glycoprotein receptors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the red blood cell aggregation (RBCA) include the cell-cell interaction using the membrane receptors that bind such ligands as fibrinogen or fibronectin.

Cellular viscoelasticity probed by active rheology in optical tweezers.

A novel approach to probe viscoelastic properties of cells based on double trap optical tweezers is reported. Frequency dependence of the tangent of phase difference in the movement of the opposite erythrocyte edges while one of the edges is forced to oscillate by optical tweezers appeared to be highly dependent on the rigidity of the cellular membrane. Effective viscoelastic parameters characterizing red blood cells with different stiffnesses (normal and glutaraldehyde-fixed) are determined.

Normal and system lupus erythematosus red blood cell interactions studied by double trap optical tweezers: direct measurements of aggregation forces.

Direct measurements of aggregation forces in piconewton range between two red blood cells in pair rouleau are performed under physiological conditions using double trap optical tweezers. Aggregation and disaggregation properties of healthy and pathologic (system lupus erythematosis) blood samples are analyzed. Strong difference in aggregation speed and behavior is revealed using the offered method which is proposed to be a promising tool for SLE monitoring at single cell level.

[Clinical morphology of chronic myeloid leukemia].

The morphological features of chronic myeloid leukemia at different stages of the disease were specified basing on the study of bone marrow punch biopsies of 239 patients, surgically removed spleens of 32 patients, marginal liver biopsies of 22 patients and 69 autopsies. It was found valid to distinguish two histological variants: granulocytic and granulocytic-megakaryocytic. It was shown that in the latter form of leukemia myelofibrosis, primarily of reticulin type, often tends to develop.