Cancer chemotherapy in pregnancy and adverse pediatric outcomes: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Administration of chemotherapy during pregnancy is often delayed, while preterm delivery is common. If in utero exposure to chemotherapy is associated with adverse pediatric outcomes, it is unknown whether that relationship is directly attributable to the chemotherapy or is mediated by preterm birth.

Methods: Cases were identified from Canadian cancer registries and administrative data in Alberta, British Columbia, and Ontario, 2003-2017, with follow-up until 2018.

Real-world evidence of sotrovimab effectiveness for preventing severe outcomes in patients with COVID-19: A quality improvement propensity-matched retrospective cohort study of a pan-provincial program in Alberta, Canada.

Objectives: Post-marketing surveillance of sotrovimab's effect during implementation in the Canadian population is limited.

Methods: The study used a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort design. Follow-up began between the periods of December 15, 2021 and April 30 2022.

The paradoxical influence of the COVID-19 lockdown period on different types of preterm births in Alberta: a provincial study.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine if the COVID-19 pandemic impacted different types of preterm birth rates in Alberta, Canada.

Methods: A population-based, retrospective, cohort study was conducted from March 15, 2015 to December 31, 2020 using provincial data. The primary exposure was the COVID-19 lockdown period, and the primary outcome was the incidence of preterm birth (<37 weeks gestational age).

Long-term health care use and diagnosis after hospitalization for COVID-19: a retrospective matched cohort study.

Background: Knowledge pertaining to the health and health care utilization of patients after recovery from acute COVID-19 is limited. We sought to assess the frequency of new diagnoses of disease and health care use after hospitalization with COVID-19.

Methods: We included all patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Alberta between Mar.

A comparison of machine learning algorithms and traditional regression-based statistical modeling for predicting hypertension incidence in a Canadian population.

Risk prediction models are frequently used to identify individuals at risk of developing hypertension. This study evaluates different machine learning algorithms and compares their predictive performance with the conventional Cox proportional hazards (PH) model to predict hypertension incidence using survival data. This study analyzed 18,322 participants on 24 candidate features from the large Alberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP) to develop different prediction models.

Development and validation of a hypertension risk prediction model and construction of a risk score in a Canadian population.

Identifying high-risk individuals for targeted intervention may prevent or delay hypertension onset. We developed a hypertension risk prediction model and subsequent risk sore among the Canadian population using measures readily available in a primary care setting. A Canadian cohort of 18,322 participants aged 35-69 years without hypertension at baseline was followed for hypertension incidence, and 625 new hypertension cases were reported.

Predicting the Risk Factors Associated With Severe Outcomes Among COVID-19 Patients-Decision Tree Modeling Approach.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has seen a large surge in case numbers over several waves, and has critically strained the health care system, with a significant number of cases requiring hospitalization and ICU admission. This study used a decision tree modeling approach to identify the most important predictors of severe outcomes among COVID-19 patients.

Methods: We identified a retrospective population-based cohort ( = 140,182) of adults who tested positive for COVID-19 between 5 March 2020 and 31 May 2021.

Prediction of hypertension using traditional regression and machine learning models: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: We aimed to identify existing hypertension risk prediction models developed using traditional regression-based or machine learning approaches and compare their predictive performance.

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and the grey literature for studies predicting the risk of hypertension among the general adult population. Summary statistics from the individual studies were the C-statistic, and a random-effects meta-analysis was used to obtain pooled estimates.

Incidence of Pregnancy-Associated Cancer in Two Canadian Provinces: A Population-Based Study.

Pregnancy-associated cancer-that is diagnosed in pregnancy or within 365 days after delivery-is increasingly common as cancer therapy evolves and survivorship increases. This study assessed the incidence and temporal trends of pregnancy-associated cancer in Alberta and Ontario-together accounting for 50% of Canada's entire population. Linked data from the two provincial cancer registries and health administrative data were used to ascertain new diagnoses of cancer, livebirths, stillbirths and induced abortions among women aged 18-50 years, from 2003 to 2015.

Average Lifespan Shortened due to Stroke in Canada: A Nationwide Descriptive Study From 1990 to 2015.

Background And Purpose: There are challenges in comparability when using existing life lost measures to examine long-term trends in premature mortality. To address this important issue, we have developed a novel measure termed average lifespan shortened (ALSS). In the present study, we used the ALSS measure to describe temporal changes in premature mortality due to stroke in the Canadian population from 1990 to 2015.

Summarising and synthesising regression coefficients through systematic review and meta-analysis for improving hypertension prediction using metamodelling: protocol.

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the most common medical conditions and represents a major risk factor for heart attack, stroke, kidney disease and mortality. The risk of progression to hypertension depends on several factors, and combining these risk factors into a multivariable model for risk stratification would help to identify high-risk individuals who should be targeted for healthy behavioural changes and/or medical treatment to prevent the development of hypertension. The risk prediction models can be further improved in terms of accuracy by using a metamodel updating technique where existing hypertension prediction models can be updated by combining information available in existing models with new data.

Premature deaths due to head and neck cancers in canada: A nationwide analysis from 1980 to 2010.

Objectives/hypothesis: To examine if there has been a reduction in premature mortality due to head and neck cancers and their subtypes in the Canadian population between 1980 and 2010.

Study Design: Retrospective database review.

Methods: Mortality data for head and neck cancers were obtained from the World Health Organization's mortality database.

Premature Mortality Due to Malignancies of the Central Nervous System in Canada, 1980-2010.

Background: In this study, we investigated whether there has been an improvement in premature mortality due to central nervous system (CNS) cancers among the Canadian population from 1980 through 2010.

Methods: Mortality data for CNS cancers were obtained from World Health Organization mortality database. Years of life lost (YLL) was estimated using Canadian life tables.

Premature mortality due to breast cancer among Canadian women: an analysis of a 30-year period from 1980 through 2010.

Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of cancer deaths for women. In the present study, we examined the trend of premature mortality due to breast cancer among Canadian women from 1980 through 2010 and proposed a new measure of lifespan shortening.

Methods: Mortality data for female breast cancer was obtained from the World Health Organization mortality database.

Cause of Death Following Surgery for Acute Type A Dissection: Evidence from the Canadian Thoracic Aortic Collaborative.

Background: Surgery confers the best chance of survival following acute Type A dissection (ATAD), yet perioperative mortality remains high. Although perioperative risk factors for mortality have been described, information on the actual causes of death is sparse. In this study, we aimed to characterize the inciting events causing death during surgical repair of ATAD.

Hospital safety among neurologic patients: A population-based cohort study of adverse events.

Objective: To examine the frequency and type of adverse events (AEs) experienced by neurologic patients in hospital.

Methods: This population-based, retrospective cohort study used hospital discharge abstract data for children and adults admitted to hospital from 2009 to 2015 with 1 of 9 neurologic conditions (Alzheimer disease and related dementia, brain tumor, epilepsy, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, parkinsonism/Parkinson disease, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, and stroke). Neurologic conditions were identified with ICD-10-CA codes.

Factors associated with mode of colorectal cancer detection and time to diagnosis: a population level study.

Background: Although it is well-known that early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) is important for optimal patient survival, the relationship of patient and health system factors with delayed diagnosis are unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify the demographic, clinical and healthcare factors related to mode of CRC detection and length of the diagnostic interval.

Methods: All residents of Alberta, Canada diagnosed with first-ever incident CRC in years 2004-2010 were identified from the Alberta Cancer Registry.

Safety and efficacy of prophylactic negative pressure wound therapy following open saphenous vein harvest in cardiac surgery: a feasibility study.

Objectives: Surgical site complications following great saphenous vein (GSV) harvest presents a significant risk of morbidity. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has shown promise in the treatment and prophylaxis of open wounds and surgical incisions but has not been studied following GSV harvest. We performed a feasibility study examining the use of NPWT following GSV harvest for coronary bypass surgery.

Diabetes and sex-specific colorectal cancer risks in Newfoundland and Labrador: a population-based retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Studies on the relationship between diabetes and colorectal cancer (CRC) are inconsistent. It is also unclear whether CRC risk elevation for individuals with diabetes is similar for males and females. Using data from Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), the province with the highest CRC incidence and diabetes prevalence in Canada, we assessed and compared the risk elevation of CRC for males and females with diabetes, overall and by anatomic subsite.

Adverse drug reactions in elderly hospitalized patients: a 12-year population-based retrospective cohort study.

Background: Although research has identified some risk factors for first-time adverse drug reactions (ADRs), little is known about the risks associated with the number of ADRs. Modeling ADR counts is relatively complex because of the rarity of the events, requiring careful consideration of appropriate models that best present the observed data.

Objective: To determine the incidence of ADRs among elderly hospitalized patients, assess patient-related risk factors for the number of ADRs, and review drug classes commonly responsible for ADRs.

Epidemiology of severe burn among children in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify the epidemiologic characteristics of childhood burns in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Methods: A population-based study was carried out on children aged 0-16 years who were hospitalized due to burns in Newfoundland and Labrador between April 1995 and March 2001. Hospital and mortality data were obtained from the provincial hospital admission database and Mortality System, respectively.

Systematized nomenclature of medicine clinical terms (SNOMED CT) to represent computed tomography procedures.

Objective: To evaluate the ability of systematized nomenclature of medicine clinical terms (SNOMED CT) to represent computed tomography procedures in computed tomography dictionaries used in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Methods: This study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage computed tomography dictionaries were collected and consolidated to one master list.

Diabetes and its impact on health-related quality of life: a life table analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the health burden of diabetes and determine its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a population with a high prevalence of chronic conditions.

Methods: A representative sample of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) was used to estimate prevalence of diabetes and mean health utility index (HUI), a utility-based measure of HRQOL. Diabetes-deleted life expectancy (LE) and health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) were derived to measure HRQOL.

Adverse drug events in adult patients leading to emergency department visits.

Background: Adverse drug events (ADEs) occurring in the community and treated in emergency departments (EDs) have not been well studied.

Objective: To determine the prevalence, severity, and preventability of ADEs in patients presenting at EDs in 2 university-affiliated tertiary care hospitals in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on a stratified random sample (n = 1458) of adults (> or =18 y) who presented to EDs from January 1 to December 31, 2005.