Effects of fermented soybean meal and supplemental methionine and lysine on growth, digestibility, body composition, and amino acid composition of Beluga (Huso huso).

There is an increasing concern about using limited high-quality protein sources in the aquafeed industry. The alternative solution to this problem is cost-effective plant proteins such as soybean meal (SBM). However, it is better to improve plant protein-containing diets through processing and supplemental amino acids.

Microplastic Pollution in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Gills of Some Teleost and Sturgeon Fish from the Caspian Sea, Northern Iran.

The increasing microplastic pollution in the marine environment has raised global concern. The main risk of microplastics in aquatic ecosystem is their bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms. A few studies have reported microplastic pollution in the digestive system of Caspian Sea fish species, but there is no research on sturgeon species, nor on fish gills.

A ratiometric electrochemical DNA-biosensor for detection of miR-141.

A sensitive biosensor for the detection of miR-141 has been constructed. The DNA-biosensor is prepared by first immobilizing the thiolated methylene blue-labeled hairpin capture probe (MB-HCP) on two-layer nanocomposite film graphene oxide-chitosan@ polyvinylpyrrolidone-gold nanourchin modified glassy carbon electrode. We used the hematoxylin as an electrochemical auxiliary indicator in the second stage to recognize DNA hybridization via the square wave voltammetry (SWV) responses that record the accumulated hematoxylin on electrode surfaces.

Removal of chromium from water using manganese (II, III) oxides coated sand: adsorption and transformation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III).

A manganese coated sand (MCS) sorbent containing manganese (II,III) oxides was developed for adsorption and transformation of chromium [Cr(VI) and Cr(III)] with potential application in flow-through permeable media adsorption filters. Characterization of the MCS sorbent using XRD and XPS showed that the oxides of manganese (II) and manganese (III) were present on the MCS sorbent surface. Adsorption of both Cr(VI) and Cr(III) onto the MCS sorbent occurred over a broad pH range from 3 to 10.

Adsorption of hexavalent chromium from water using manganese-aluminum coated sand: Kinetics, equilibrium, effect of pH and ionic strength.

Removal of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from water was evaluated using a low-cost coated sand adsorbent for potential application in a flow-through filter system using permeable adsorption media. Manganese-aluminum coated sand (MACS) was investigated as a hybrid metal oxide based adsorbent due to the potential efficacy of manganese oxide and aluminum oxide for adsorption of Cr(VI) from water. Adsorbent characterization was performed using XRD, SEM/EDX, XPS and BET.

Removal of arsenic from water using manganese (III) oxide: Adsorption of As(III) and As(V).

Removal of arsenic from water was evaluated with manganese (III) oxide (Mn2O3) as adsorbent. Adsorption of As(III) and As(V) onto Mn2O3 was favorable according to the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equilibrium equations, while chemisorption of arsenic occurred according to the Dubinin-Radushkevich equation. Adsorption parameters from the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin equations showed a greater adsorption and removal of As(III) than As(V) by Mn2O3.

Groundwater arsenic in Chimaltenango, Guatemala.

In the Municipality of Chimaltenango, Guatemala, we sampled groundwater for total inorganic arsenic. In total, 42 samples were collected from 27 (43.5%) of the 62 wells in the municipality, with sites chosen to achieve spatial representation throughout the municipality.

Adsorption and removal of arsenic (V) using crystalline manganese (II,III) oxide: Kinetics, equilibrium, effect of pH and ionic strength.

Manganese (II,III) oxide (Mn3O4) crystalline powder was evaluated as a potential sorbent for removal of arsenic (V) from water. Adsorption isotherm experiments were carried out to determine the adsorption capacity using de-ionized (DI) water, a synthetic solution containing bicarbonate alkalinity, and two natual groundwater samples. Adsorption isotherm data followed the Langmuir and Freundlich equations, indicating favorable adsorption of arsenic (V) onto Mn3O4, while results from the Dubinin-Radushkevich equation were suggestive of chemisorption of arsenic (V).

Enabling the environmentally clean air transportation of the future: a vision of computational fluid dynamics in 2030.

As global air travel expands rapidly to meet demand generated by economic growth, it is essential to continue to improve the efficiency of air transportation to reduce its carbon emissions and address concerns about climate change. Future transports must be 'cleaner' and designed to include technologies that will continue to lower engine emissions and reduce community noise. The use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) will be critical to enable the design of these new concepts.

Uptake of arsenic by alkaline soils near alkaline coal fly ash disposal facilities.

The attenuation of arsenic in groundwater near alkaline coal fly ash disposal facilities was evaluated by determining the uptake of arsenic from ash leachates by surrounding alkaline soils. Ten different alkaline soils near a retired coal fly ash impoundment were used in this study with pH ranging from 7.6 to 9.

Adsorption of fluoride onto crystalline titanium dioxide: effect of pH, ionic strength, and co-existing ions.

Adsorption of fluoride from water onto titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) powder was investigated. The sorbent was crystalline TiO(2) composed of mostly anatase with a specific surface area of 56 m(2)/g. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm experiments were performed using an aqueous solution with bicarbonate alkalinity representative of natural waters.

Deposition and release kinetics of nano-TiO2 in saturated porous media: effects of solution ionic strength and surfactants.

The aggregation, transport and deposition kinetics (i.e. attachment and release) of TiO(2) nanoparticles (nano-TiO(2)) were investigated as a function of ionic strength and the presence of anionic (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, SDBS) and non-ionic (Triton X-100) surfactants in 100% critical micelle concentration (CMC).

Effect of biostimulation on the microbial community in PCB-contaminated sediments through periodic amendment of sediment with iron.

Reductive dehalogenation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by indigenous dehalorespiring microorganisms in contaminated sediments may be enhanced via biostimulation by supplying hydrogen generated through the anaerobic corrosion of elemental iron added to the sediment. In this study, the effect of periodic amendment of sediment with various dosages of iron on the microbial community present in sediment was investigated using phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) over a period of 18 months. Three PCB-contaminated sediments (two freshwater lake sediments and one marine sediment) were used.

Reactivity of lactate-modified nanoscale iron particles with 2,4-dinitrotoluene in soils.

This paper investigates the reactivity of nanoscale iron particles (NIP) and lactate-modified NIP (LM-NIP) with 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), a representative munitions contaminant, in kaolin and field sand as representative low and high permeability soils, respectively. Aluminum lactate, a green compound, was selected as the modifier based on earlier studies which showed it to be an effective dispersant for enhanced transport of NIP in soils. Kaolin and sand were spiked at concentration of 920 and 740 mg/kg of DNT.

Extraction of pentachlorophenol from soils using environmentally benign lactic acid solutions.

Soil contamination with pentachlorophenol (PCP) is widespread across the globe. Soil washing/extraction is a common technique to remove this compound. Several soil washing/extraction solutions have been used but a majority of them have the problem of persistence in the environment due to their low biodegradability.

Effect of temperature on heavy metal toxicity to juvenile crayfish, Orconectes immunis (Hagen).

The acute toxicity of four selected heavy metals to juvenile crayfish Orconectes immunis (Hagen) (1-2 g wet body wt. each) at room temperature increased in the following order: cadmium (x3) < copper (x10) < zinc (x2) < lead. The toxicity of these metals to crayfish acclimated at 17, 20, 23/24, and 27 degrees C increased with temperature (by 7-20% between 20 and 24 degrees C and 14-26% between 20 and 27 degrees C) as judged by the lowering of LT(50) (time to kill 50% of test animals at a fixed concentration) values.

Preliminary assessment of imidazolium-based room-temperature ionic liquids for extraction of organic contaminants from soils.

Alternative solvents known as room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) were considered for extraction of organic soil contaminants. A hydrophobic RTIL, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim]PF6), and a hydrophilic RTIL, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([bmim]Cl), were selected as representative imidazolium-based RTILs to assess the extraction of several organic contaminants (OCs) from two model soils. The two soils were montmorillonite (clay minerals, high surface area, and no organic matter) and glacial till (organic matter).

Electroosmotic dewatering of dredged sediments: bench-scale investigation.

The Indiana Harbor (Indiana, USA) has not been dredged since 1972 due to lack of a suitable disposal site for dredged sediment. As a result of this, over a million cubic yards of highly contaminated sediment has accumulated in the harbor. Recently, the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) has selected a site for the confined disposal facility (CDF) and is in the process of designing it.

Biodegradation of sediment-bound PAHs in field-contaminated sediment.

The biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been reported to occur under aerobic, sulfate reducing, and denitrifying conditions. PAHs present in contaminated sites, however, are known for their persistence. Most published studies were conducted in systems where PAHs were freshly spiked, and biodegradation was often tested using pure cultures or enrichments.

Effect of different extraction agents on metal and organic contaminant removal from a field soil.

This paper presents an evaluation of different extracting solutions for the removal of phenanthrene, lead and zinc from a contaminated soil obtained from a former manufactured gas plant site. The field soil contained 50%-88% sand, 11%-35% fines, 2.7%-3.

Assessing the bioavailability of PAHs in field-contaminated sediment using XAD-2 assisted desorption.

An XAD-2 assisted desorption assay was evaluated to assess its functionality in determining the bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an aged field-contaminated sediment. In the study, various dosages of XAD-2 resin were added to abiotic sediment-water slurry systems to adsorb the PAHs from the aqueous phase thus accelerating the desorbability of these contaminants from the sediment. A parallel experiment on the biodegradation of these PAHs by microorganisms indigenous to the sediment was also conducted.

Epithelial iris cyst treatment with intracystic ethanol irrigation.

Purpose: To report the therapeutic effects of ethanol (ETOH) irrigation into epithelial iris cysts (EIC).

Study Design: Retrospective noncomparative interventional case series.

Participants: 102 eyes of 102 patients aged between 4 and 71 years with EIC, with 4 months to 15 years follow-up.