[Optimal doses and timing for tele-irradiation of bone metastases in patients with life expectancy more than 3 months].

The aim of the current study was to improve the bone metastases irradiation parameters in patients with life expectancy more than 3 months. The current randomized study included a total of 333 patients with bone metastases (breast cancer metastases in 71% of cases) receiving 488 courses of photon irradiation. Irradiation effect was observed in 95.

[Options of hypofractionation of proton boost in locally advanced prostate cancer].

The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of various fractionation proton boost in the proton-photon radiation therapy of locally advanced prostate cancer. The study included 272 patients with prostate cancer and intermediate-to-high risk of progression. 114 patients received 3-D conformal local irradiation of the prostate by proton beam 220Mev.

[Features and risk factors of post-mastectomy, locally advanced breast cancer relapse].

Multivariate analysis of risk of locally-advanced breast cancer IA-IIIB progression was carried out in 444 patients 10 years after mastectomy in the framework of two randomized studies. Combination therapy (median 156.3 months) included mastectomy, different modalities of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemohormonal and radiotherapy.

[Assessment of mucosal injury in stage T1-T2NOMO bladder cancer after radiation or intravesical chemotherapy].

The report reviews the experience gained with radio- and chemotherapy-related injuries suffered by bladder cancer patients. It corroborates the opinion of most European specialists that indications for radical cystectomy be extended with due considerations of up-to-date potential in anesthesiology, extensive care and pharmacology. Possible untoward side effects of radiation and intravesical chemotherapy as well as means of solution of the problem are discussed.

[Diagnosis of Vater's papilla cancer and its combination treatment and radiotherapy].

The paper considers the problems of enhancing the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of Vater's papilla cancer complicated by jaundice, by maximally realizing the capacities of instrumental studies and by improving the procedures of combination treatment and radiotherapy for this disease. The achieved treatment results show it expedient to use combination treatment and, if radical surgery is contraindicated, radiotherapy for Vater's papilla cancer.

[Preliminary results of radical surgery and radiotherapy of locally advanced prostate cancer (basal PSA >50 ng/ml)].

Despite recent progress made in early diagnosis of prostate cancer, medical advice is sought mostly at locally advanced stage. Both surgery and radiotherapy (distant or contact) are used. Yet, such methods have limited application, namely, in patients with basal level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) under 50 ng/ml, without distant metastases.

[An evaluation of damage caused by radiation and chemical drugs to urinary bladder mucosa in stage T1-T2N0V0 cancer].

An evaluation of damage caused by radiation and chemical drugs to urinary bladder mucosa in stage T1-T2N0V0 cancer is presented and therapeutic modalities are discussed. The authors summarize their experience and offer recommendations for optimal treatment of the disease. Also, suggestions are made how to work out indications and contraindications in dealing with a specific urinary bladder cancer vis-avis stage and possible complications.

[Comparative analysis of dose distribution in photon and proton therapy of prostate cancer].

Comparative analysis of the dose distribution in photon and proton therapy of prostate cancer is performed. The degree of exposure of healthy organs to radiation is assessed for each of the two treatment techniques using the time-dose-fractionation parameter.

[Role of induction chemo- and radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advance breast cancer].

336 patients with locally-advanced breast cancer underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Increase in T- and N-indices (change of stage after neoadjuvant chemotherapy) proved an important prognostic factor. Survival rates correlated with clinical effect and dropped as it diminished.

[Surgical, radiation and combined treatment of multiple primary malignancies of the respiratory system].

Surgery for primary multiple malignant tumors of the respiratory system was carried out in 141 patients. Reconstruction, plastic operations and sparing resections were performed in 79 cases (68.5%).

[Lung cancer: 30-year experience of surgical and combined treatment].

6,212 lung cancer patients have been examined and treated. The data on surgical and combined treatment of 2,702 patients have been analyzed. Postoperative complication incidence has dropped to 5.

[Current diagnosis and combined and radiation therapy of pancreato-biliary cancer in patients with jaundice].

The effectiveness of therapy of pancreato-biliary cancer in jaundice patients has been raised due to introduction of sparing slightly-invasive (percutaneous, transhepatic) procedures for suppression of choleostasis and restoring biliary return to intestine. Also, such measures as pancreato-digestive anastomosis, radical surgery to compensate jaundice-related functional and morphological disorders and changes in the liver as well as perfection of procedures of combined and radiation therapy were used.

[Single preoperative radiation exposure for stage II breast cancer].

The efficacy of different combinations of radiotherapy and mastectomy after Madden was compared in 411 patients with stage II breast tumors. The least likelihood of local reccurence (4.5 +/- 1.

[Radiotherapy for recurrent breast cancer].

The study is concerned with the clinico-radiobiological characteristics of radiotherapy for relapsed breast cancer. Adequate choice of tissue mass to be exposed appeared much more important than any change in focal dose within 50-80 Gy, to achieve higher frequency of locoregional therapeutic effect. No significant noticeable relationship was established between efficacy of recurrence treatment, on the one hand, and such factors as cluster-like lesion, ulceration of tumor and additional excision of a relapsed node, on the other.

[Radiotherapy for recurrent breast cancer].

Evidence has shown that the right choice of tissue volume to be irradiated is much more important for better therapeutic effect than focal dose variation within 50-80 Gy. No relationship between efficacy of postoperative recurrence treatment, on the one hand, and multiplicity of lesions, recurrence ulceration or additional excision of relapsing node, on the other was established. However, lowered radiosensitivity and relatively very high likelihood of tumor dissemination were typical of tumors larger than 3 cm.

[Comparison of the effectiveness of various comprehensive treatments for locally advanced breast cancer].

Different combinations of radical mastectomy, radiotherapy and cycle polychemotherapy were compared in 330 patients with T2N2 and T3-4N0-2M0 breast cancers: preoperative radiotherapy followed by surgery and adjuvant chemo-hormonal therapy (CT/HT)-118: neoadjuvant polychemotherapy (neCT) combined with preoperative radiation, surgery and adjuvant CT/HT-105; surgery, postoperative radiotherapy (PoRT) and adjuvant CT/HT-51, and neoCT followed by surgery, PoLT and adjuvant CT/HT-56. Advantage offered by postoperative radiotherapy proved significant only in the T2N2 and T3N1M0 groups and only in cases of combined PoLT and neoadjuvant polychemotherapy. Neoadjuvant polychemotherapy proved advantageous only in combination with postoperative surgery, and, on the whole, its application was as effective as adjuvant administration of cytostatic drugs.

[Current technology of radiotherapy in the conservative treatment of localized breast cancer].

New procedures of radical radiotherapy for localized breast tumors have been developed. They offer high precision and a close fit of irradiation fields. Conservative treatment was given to 108 patients.