[Clinicomorphological aspects of adrenal pheochromocytoma diagnostics].

The removed pheochromocytomas of 25 patients aged from 25 to 72 years have been studied. Among them 5 tumors have had bilateral character, 8 pheochromocytomas have been diagnosed as malignant, 4 patients have had metastases. The average size of benign pheochromocytomas has been 4.

[The Saint Petersburg Society of Pathologists is 100 years old].

The paper describes the history of the Saint Petersburg Society of pathologists since it was founded in 1909. It shows what great role is played by outstanding Russian medical scientists who have established their own schools of pathomorphologists and are respected in our and foreign countries. The activities of the society's members in research developments in cardiovascular and infectious diseases, cancer morphology, etc.

[Impact of the environmental factors on the incidence of thyroid diseases in the population of the Nizhniĭ Novgorod region].

None of the thyroid diseases is associated with the environment, as thyroid pathology since its structure and function depend on dietary intake of iodine and other trace elements. Iodine deficiency is not the only factor of development of endemic goiter as many authors show the high prevalence of the disease with sufficient dietary intake of iodine. Human thyroid disease may be considered to be a marker of environmental ill-being; therefore, while studying and untangling the mechanisms of development of goiter, thyroiditis, and thyroid tumors, one should keep in mind the environmental factors that have an evident influence on the development of thyroid diseases.

[Ultrasound and morphological diagnosis of thyroid diseases in radiation-exposed persons].

The purpose of the present investigation was to enhance the efficiency of diagnosis of thyroid diseases in irradiated persons. Three hundred persons exposed to radiation in doses of 5 to 250 SeV and the postexposure period was 9 to 48 years. A control group comprised 100 military men unexposed to ionizing radiation.

[Role of cytologic and histologic examination in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases in patients exposed to radiation].

Complex cytological and ultrasound study was conducted in 300 patients with thyroid pathology exposed to 5-250 cSv. Benign goiter changes and autoimmune thyroiditis were detected in 66.2% while malignant thyroidal nodules--in 3.

[Morphological characteristics of chordoma of the temporal bone: light amd electron microscopy].

For the first time chordoma of the temporal bone in a female aged 24 years is described. The tumor was studied histologically and ultrastructurally.

[The evaluation of the palatine tonsil function in patients with chronic tonsillitis].

The authors review the results of the research performed in patients with chronic tonsillitis in 1997-1999. Immunological activity of their palatine tonsils was evaluated according to the original technique which demonstrated relations between external functional activity of the palatine tonsils and age as well as symptoms of chronic tonsillitis. Additional information is presented on interrelations between lymphocytopoietic production of the palatine tonsils and hormonal status, metabolism, ecological and physical factors.

[Morpho-functional status of the pharyngeal and palatine tonsils in children with regional lymphadenitis].

The authors give clinicomorphological analysis of 100 cases of chronic tonsillitis in young children who had marked regional lymphadenitis in the absence of clinical manifestations of tonsillitis. General and local immunity were examined in these children. Lifetime assessment was made of functional tonsil condition by cytological and microbiological examination of the content of deep lacune parts.

[Clinical-morphological assessment of the functional status of tonsils in clinical manifestations of chronic tonsillitis].

Correlations between lacunar content and morphofunctional condition of palatine tonsil immunocompetent tissue were studied histologically, histochemically, morphometrically, microbiologically and cytologically. The microbiological and cytological lacunar findings provide a life-time assessment of tonsillar functional activity. Clinical efficiency of the method makes it valuable for choice of treatment and evaluation of the response to conservative treatment of chronic tonsillitis.

[An assessment of the immune status of the mucosal membranes in chronic rhinosinusitis].

The authors studied immune status of upper respiratory tracts mucosa in patients with different forms of chronic rhinosinusitis (purulent, polypous, vasomotor) in comparison to control subjects. An original complex of laboratory diagnostic techniques is proposed which can assess functional condition of the defense barriers of the upper respiratory tract mucosa in chronic inflammation, estimate impairment of specific and nonspecific resistance. This facilitates choice of optimal scheme of pathogenetic therapy of chronic inflammation in the upper respiratory tracts.

[Metabolism and the functional activity of the thyroid in patients with chronic tonsillitis and excess body weight].

Clinical and laboratory tests were conducted in 138 females of reproductive age with chronic decompensated tonsillitis (CDT) with normal and excessive body mass. Improper diet of the obese patients was responsible for specific manifestations of CDT, disturbances of lipid, carbohydrate and mineral metabolism, thyroid function.

[A comparative study of conservative treatment schemes in chronic tonsillitis in children].

Three schemes of conservative treatment of chronic tonsillitis in children are compared. Chelidonium majus L. tincture improved tonsillar function, cellular and humoral immunity, nonspecific resistance, promoted a reduction in the number of recurrences.

[Clinical morphological features of middle ear chemodectomas].

Eight cases of glomus tumor (chemodectoma) are reported. All the patients were women aged 46-55 years with complaints of noise in the ears, diminished hearing, pains on the side of the tumor. Some of the patients had ear discharge.

[Immunomorphological studies of the antigen associated with squamous cell cancer of the human cervix uteri].

The existence of the antigen associated with human cervical squamous cell cancer in normal and pathologically changed cervical epithelium was studied. Immunocytochemical and immunohistochemical methods were used. It is shown that the levels of the antigen increase significantly as the severity of dysplastic changes in epithelial stratum grows and tumor invasive growth begins.

[Morphological changes in the hypertrophied palatal tonsils of children undergoing different methods of conservative treatment].

Morphological and immunological data on the efficiency of the conservative treatment of hypertrophic tonsils in 59 children are presented. Biopsies of tonsils were examined before and after treatment. Tonsils reduced in size as a result of treatment, their changes indicated activation of the morphological manifestations of cellular and humoral immunity.

[Morphofunctional characteristics of palatine tonsil tissue and lacuna contents in chronic tonsillitis].

Relationships between microbiological features and cell composition of lacunar content and morphofunctional status of the immunocompetent tissue of palatine tonsils were studied by histological, histochemical, morphometrical, microbiological, and cytological methods. Cytological and microbiological data on the lacuna content were found to reflect the reactive condition of the tonsils and should be regarded as a component of the morphofunctional characteristics of the palatine tonsils as a whole.

[Morphological characteristics of the function of the tonsil as an organ of immunogenesis].

The review deals with the problem of the necessity to evaluate the immunological state of palatine tonsils in various pathologic conditions on the basis of morphological studies. The methods of investigation allowing the intensity of cellular and humoral immunity to be assessed are described. It is emphasized that a combined approach including morphological examinations of the palatine tonsils together with immunological methods used clinically is optimal for the evaluation of the immunological state of palatine tonsils.