In vitro and in vivo studies of the therapeutic potential of Tinospora crispa extracts in osteoarthritis: Targeting oxidation, inflammation, and chondroprotection.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The increasing incidence of osteoarthritis (OA), especially among the elderly population, highlights the need for more efficacious treatments that go beyond mere symptomatic relief. Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook.

Cannabidiol-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Ameliorate the Inhibition of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Free Radicals in an In Vitro Inflammation-Induced Cell Model.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive compound derived from . It has demonstrated promising effects in combating inflammation and holds potential as a treatment for the progression of chronic inflammation. However, the clinical application of CBD is limited due to its poor solubility and bioavailability.

A promising strategy of surface-modified nanoparticles targeting CXCR4 for precision cancer therapy.

Nanoparticle (NP) functionalization with specific ligands enhances targeted cancer therapy and imaging by promoting receptor recognition and improving cellular uptake. This review focuses on recent research exploring the interaction between cancer cell-expressed chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and ligand-conjugated NPs, utilising small molecules, peptides, and antibodies. Active NP targeting has shown improved tumour targeting and reduced toxicity, enabling precision therapy and diagnosis.

Enhancing Physicochemical Properties and Biocompatibility of Hollow Porous Iron Oxide Nanoparticles through Polymer-Based Surface Modifications.

In this study, we synthesized hollow porous iron oxide nanoparticles (HPIONPs) with surface modifications using polymers, specifically chitosan (Chi), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and alginate (Alg), to improve colloidal stability and biocompatibility. For colloidal stability, Alg-coated HPIONPs maintained size stability up to 24 h, with only an 18% increase, while Chi, PEG, and uncoated HPIONPs showed larger size increases ranging from 64 to 140%. The biocompatibility of polymer-coated HPIONPs was evaluated by assessing their cell viability, genotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.

Folic Acid-Grafted Chitosan-Alginate Nanocapsules as Effective Targeted Nanocarriers for Delivery of Turmeric Oil for Breast Cancer Therapy.

Folate receptors (FRs) highly expressed in breast cancers can be used as a recognized marker for preventing off-target delivery of chemotherapeutics. In this study, folic acid (FA)-grafted chitosan-alginate nanocapsules (CS-Alg-NCs) loaded with turmeric oil (TO) were developed for breast cancer targeting. CS was successfully conjugated with FA via an amide bond with a degree of substitution at 12.

Enhanced Nasal Deposition and Anti-Coronavirus Effect of Favipiravir-Loaded Mucoadhesive Chitosan-Alginate Nanoparticles.

Favipiravir (FVR) is a repurposed antiviral drug for treating mild to moderate cases of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, its poor solubility and permeability limit its clinical efficacy. To overcome its physicochemical and pharmacokinetic limitations, we statistically designed a mucoadhesive chitosan-alginate nanoparticles (MCS-ALG-NPs) as a new carrier for FVR using response surface methodology, which provided suitable characteristics for transmucosal delivery.

Development of Turmeric Oil-Loaded Chitosan/Alginate Nanocapsules for Cytotoxicity Enhancement against Breast Cancer.

Turmeric oil (TO) exhibits various biological activities with limited therapeutic applications due to its instability, volatility, and poor water solubility. Here, we encapsulated TO in chitosan/alginate nanocapsules (CS/Alg-NCs) using o/w emulsification to enhance its physicochemical characteristics, using poloxamer 407 as a non-ionic surfactant. TO-loaded CS/Alg-NCs (TO-CS/Alg-NCs) were prepared with satisfactory features, encapsulation efficiency, release characteristics, and cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells.

Chitosan-coated nanostructured lipid carriers for transdermal delivery of tetrahydrocurcumin for breast cancer therapy.

Chitosan (Ch)-coated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have great potential for transdermal delivery with high localization of chemotherapeutics in breast cancer. This study used tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a primary metabolite of curcumin with enhanced antioxidant and anticancer properties, as a model compound to prepare NLCs. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize THC-loaded Ch-coated NLCs (THC-Ch-NLCs) fabricated by high-shear homogenization.

Development, characterization and pharmacokinetics of mupirocin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for intravascular administration.

Mupirocin is a promising broad-spectrum antibiotic that is effective in treating MRSA infections. However, due to its rapid elimination and hydrolysis following injection and high protein binding, current therapeutic use is limited to topical administration. Nanotechnology-driven innovations provide hope for patients and practitioners in overcoming the problem of drug degradation by encapsulation.