Adapting self-measured blood pressure monitoring to reduce health disparities (ASPIRE): a pilot hybrid effectiveness‑implementation study protocol.

Background: Hypertension is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite advances in blood pressure management, significant racial and ethnic disparities persist, resulting in higher risks of stroke, heart disease, and mortality among non-White populations. Self-measured blood pressure (SMBP) monitoring, also known as home blood pressure monitoring, has shown promise in improving blood pressure control, especially when combined with feedback from healthcare providers.

Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Primary Adherence of Oral Anticoagulants Among Patients with Newly Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation.

Introduction: Oral anticoagulants (OAC) reduce the risk of stroke among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, adherence remains suboptimal. We focused on primary nonadherence to OAC and its associations with patient characteristics-specifically social determinants of health collected in electronic health records (EHR).

Navigating AI: A Quick Start Guide for Healthcare Professionals.

The rapid and nimble growth of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has generated significant excitement among healthcare professionals. The most common question asked by clinicians about AI therefore is: "How do I get started?". We outline a strategic approach for clinicians to integrate AI into their knowledge base, focusing on goal setting, creating a learning roadmap, identifying essential resources, and establishing success metrics.

Supporting appropriate use of extended dual antiplatelet therapy post-myocardial infarction based on an innovative 12-month ticagrelor virtual service.

Purpose: Extended dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with ticagrelor and aspirin is recommended in selected cases after myocardial infarction (MI) but not widely deployed in practice. This study assessed an innovative, cardiology pharmacist-led virtual service for determining eligibility for extended DAPT among patients completing 12 months of initial DAPT in primary care following MI.

Methods: Within this model, potentially eligible individuals are reviewed virtually by a cardiology pharmacist for suitability for extended DAPT with reduced-dose ticagrelor [60 mg twice daily (BD)] for up to 3 years.

ArSa-Tweets: A novel Arabic sarcasm detection system based on deep learning model.

Sarcasm in Sentiment Analysis (SA) is important due to the sense of sarcasm in sentences that differs from their literal meaning. Analysis of Arabic sarcasm still has many challenges like implicit indirect idioms to express the opinion, and lack of Arabic sarcasm corpus. In this paper, we proposed a new detecting model for sarcasm in Arabic tweets called the ArSa-Tweet model.

Use of Cardiovascular Disease Secondary Prevention Medications in Four Middle East Countries in a Community Setting.

Background: Evidence-based International clinical practice guidelines, universally recommend secondary prevention medications for those with previous cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is limited data on the community use of these medications in the Middle East (ME).

Objectives: This study assesses the use and predictors of evidence based secondary prevention medications in individuals with a history of CVD [coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke].

Adoption of self-measured blood pressure monitoring in underserved communities: Program evaluation in primary care.

Rationale: Self-measured blood pressure (SMBP) monitoring is crucial for hypertension management, yet its adoption, particularly among disadvantaged populations, remains low. 'Love Your Heart' is a quality improvement program providing free standard SMBP devices to hypertensive patients, aiming to enhance adoption and assess its impact on blood pressure control.

Aims And Objectives: This study evaluates the 'Love Your Heart' program's implementation success through assessing adoption rates and exploring changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) among participants.

Timing of Intraoperative Transitions of Care Among Anesthesiologists Is Not Associated With Postoperative Adverse Outcomes: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The majority of published research suggests that anesthesia handovers during major surgical procedures are associated with unintended harmful consequences. It is still unclear if the number or quality of the transition of care is the main driver of the adverse outcomes. There is even less data if the timing of the anesthesiologist handovers during the critical portion of the anesthetic continuum (induction or emergence versus surgical period) plays a role in patient outcomes.

Healthcare professionals' perspectives on the use of PCSK9 inhibitors in cardiovascular disease: an in-depth qualitative study.

Aims: Injectable medicines such as PCSK9 inhibitors are increasingly used to manage risk factors for cardiovascular events with little information around the perceptions of healthcare professionals (HCPs) on the administrative and clinical practicalities. The aim was to identify the facilitators and barriers on the use of injectable therapies with cardiovascular benefits through interviews with HCPs.

Methods And Results: Qualitative interviews were conducted in the UK (London and Leeds) and Italy (Rome and Milan) in 2021.

Disparities in Patient Portal Engagement Among Patients With Hypertension Treated in Primary Care.

Importance: Patient portals are increasingly used for patient-clinician communication and to introduce interventions aimed at improving blood pressure control.

Objective: To characterize patient portal use among patients with hypertension managed in primary care.

Design, Settings, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study used electronic health records linked with patient portal log file data from a large, diverse Midwestern health care system.

Associations of the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with risk of type 2 diabetes in 127 594 people from 20 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study.

Background: The association between the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with type 2 diabetes incidence is controversial. We aimed to evaluate this association in an international cohort with diverse glycaemic index and glycaemic load diets.

Methods: The PURE study is a prospective cohort study of 127 594 adults aged 35-70 years from 20 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries.

Associations between tobacco and cannabis use and anxiety and depression among adults in the United States: Findings from the COVID-19 citizen science study.

Background: Little is known about whether people who use both tobacco and cannabis (co-use) are more or less likely to have mental health disorders than single substance users or non-users. We aimed to examine associations between use of tobacco and/or cannabis with anxiety and depression.

Methods: We analyzed data from the COVID-19 Citizen Science Study, a digital cohort study, collected via online surveys during 2020-2022 from a convenience sample of 53,843 US adults (≥ 18 years old) nationwide.

Pharmaco-disparities in heart failure: a survey of the affordability of guideline recommended therapy in 10 countries.

Aims: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is treatable but guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) may not be affordable or accessible to people living with the disease.

Methods And Results: In this cross-sectional survey, we investigated the price, affordability, and accessibility of four pivotal classes of HFrEF GDMT: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) or angiotensin-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI); beta-blockers; mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA); and sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). We sampled online or community pharmacies in 10 countries across a range of World Bank income groups, assessing mean 30 day retail prescription prices, affordability relative to gross national income per capita per month, and accessibility.

Associations between clinical and social factors and anticoagulant prescription among patients with atrial fibrillation: A retrospective cohort study from a large healthcare system.

Background: Patient clinical factors and social determinants of health (SDOH) are associated with an increased risk of stroke for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF); however, the association between these factors and the management of AF is not well characterized, particularly among those factors commonly collected in electronic health records (EHRs). This study used EHR data to evaluate the associations between patient clinical factors and SDOH and prescribing of an oral anticoagulant (OAC) for stroke prevention in AF.

Methods: This analysis included adult patients with newly diagnosed AF who had ≥2 encounters in the Advocate Aurora Health system in Wisconsin between May 2016 and May 2021.

User-Centered Design of a Digitally Enabled Care Pathway in a Large Health System: Qualitative Interview Study.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Management of chronic conditions such as MDD can be improved by enhanced patient engagement, measurement-based care (MBC), and shared decision-making (SDM). A user-centered design approach can improve the understanding of the patient journey and care team workflows and thus aid the development of digital health care innovations optimized for the needs of patients living with MDD and their primary care teams.

Association Between the 10-Year ASCVD Risk Score and COVID-19 Complications Among Healthy Adults (Analysis from the National Cohort COVID Collaborative).

COVID-19 complications have been linked to worse outcomes among patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Less is known about the cumulative consequences of multiple ASCVD risk factors on COVID-19 outcomes. We evaluated the dose-response associations between 10-year ASCVD risk scores and COVID-19 complications.

Diet, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 80 countries.

Aims: To develop a healthy diet score that is associated with health outcomes and is globally applicable using data from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study and replicate it in five independent studies on a total of 245 000 people from 80 countries.

Methods And Results: A healthy diet score was developed in 147 642 people from the general population, from 21 countries in the PURE study, and the consistency of the associations of the score with events was examined in five large independent studies from 70 countries. The healthy diet score was developed based on six foods each of which has been associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality [i.

Patients' perceptions on the facilitators and barriers using injectable therapies in dyslipidaemia: An empirical qualitative descriptive international study.

Background: Injectable medicines are increasingly used to manage abnormal levels of lipids, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events. Enhancing our understanding of patients' perceptions of these injectables, can inform practice with the aim of increasing uptake and medication adherence.

Aim: To explore patient's experiences of using injectables and to identify potential facilitators and barriers to using injectable therapies in dyslipidaemia.

Design and Implementation of a Digitally Enabled Care Pathway to Improve Management of Depression in a Large Health Care System: Protocol for the Implementation of a Patient Care Platform.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious public health concern worldwide. A treatment approach that incorporates measurement-based care (MBC) and shared decision-making between patients with MDD and their providers may foster patient engagement and improve clinical outcomes. While digital tools such as mobile apps show promise for expanding health interventions, these apps are rarely integrated into clinical practice.