Rare case pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A case report.

Invasive fungal infections are considered a threat to hematological malignancy patients (HM). We report here a rare case of pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient diagnosed with leukemia at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. The patient received three cycles of chemotherapy and presented with febrile neutropenia and his fungal culture was repeatedly negative while signs of aspergillosis in a computed topography (CT) scan were evident.

The Stability of Linguistic Skills of Arabic-Speaking Children Between Kindergarten and First Grade.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the stability of phonological awareness (PA) and language achievements between kindergarten and first grade among Arabic-speaking children.

Method: A total of 1,158 children were assessed in PA and language skills in both grades and were classified based on distinct and integrated achievements on PA and language following percentiles' cutoff criteria. The classification of distinct achievements constituted high, intermediate, low, and very low achievement-based groups for each domain.

Structural analogs of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-methyl-3-(pyridin-4-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine for targeting non-essential stress kinase Yck2 through protein-ligand binding and dynamics analysis.

The rise in drug-resistant fungal infections poses a significant public health concern, necessitating the development of new antifungal therapies. We aimed to address this challenge by targeting a yeast casein kinase of for antifungal drug development. The compound library contained 589 chemical structures similar to the previously identified kinase inhibitor GW461484A.

Exploring the anti-protozoal mechanisms of Syzygium aromaticum phytochemicals targeting Cryptosporidium parvum lactate dehydrogenase through molecular dynamics simulations.

Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum), a protozoan parasite, is known to induce significant gastrointestinal disease in humans. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a protein of C.

Increased prevalence of fungemia in Medina, Saudi Arabia.

Background: The prevalence of fungal infection is increasing globally due to an increase in the immunocompromised and aging population. We investigated epidemiological changes in fungemia in one of the major centers in Medina over seven years period with 87,447 admissions.

Methods: Retrospective search of records for causative agents of fungemia in inpatients at King Fahad Hospital (KFH) in 2013-2019.

Assessing the inhibitory potential of anti-dengue compounds against Japanese encephalitis virus RNA dependent RNA polymerase: an in silico study.

Japanese encephalitis (JE), a neurological infection of severe nature, is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and is transmitted by the mosquito vector. The polymerase domain of Non-structural 5 (NS5), which is also referred to as RdRp (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase), is considered a potential therapeutic target for JEV. The present study employed molecular dynamics modelling and high-throughput virtual screening to evaluate the possible antiviral activity of anti-dengue drugs against JEV RdRp.

Antibiofilm, Antimicrobial, Anti-Quorum Sensing, and Antioxidant Activities of Saudi Sidr Honey: In Vitro and Molecular Docking Studies.

Sidr honey is a valuable source of bioactive compounds with promising biological properties. In the present study, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-quorum sensing properties of Saudi Sidr honey were assessed, along with phytochemical analysis, via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In silico study was also carried out to study the drug-likeness properties of the identified compounds and to study their affinity with known target proteins assessed using molecular docking approach.

A multi-targeted computational drug discovery approach for repurposing tetracyclines against monkeypox virus.

Monkeypox viral infection is an emerging threat and a major concern for the human population. The lack of drug molecules to treat this disease may worsen the problem. Identifying potential drug targets can significantly improve the process of developing potent drug molecules for treating monkeypox.

Investigating the Mechanism of Action of Anti-Dengue Compounds as Potential Binders of Zika Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has designated the Zika virus (ZIKV) as a significant risk to the general public's health. Currently, there are no vaccinations or medications available to treat or prevent infection with the Zika virus. Thus, it is urgently required to develop a highly efficient therapeutic molecule.

Cross-sectional investigation of mycological diagnosis challenges in Saudi Arabia.

Background: The global incidence of fungal infection has increased dramatically over the last two decades. Fungal diseases threaten both immunocompetent, and immunocompromised patients. The current fungal diagnostics status in Saudi Arabia needs to be evaluated, especially with the increase of the immunosuppressed population.

Comprehensive In Silico Characterization of the Coding and Non-Coding SNPs in Human Gene with the Potential of High-Risk Pathogenicity Associated with Fungal Infections.

The human C-type lectin domain family 7 member A () gene encodes a protein that recognizes beta-1,3-linked and beta-1,6-linked glucans, which form the cell walls of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. It plays a role in immunity against fungal infections through pathogen recognition and immune signaling. This study aimed to explore the impact of nsSNPs in the human gene through computational tools (MAPP, PhD-SNP, PolyPhen-1, PolyPhen-2, SIFT, SNAP, and PredictSNP) to identify the most deleterious and damaging nsSNPs.

Aneuploidy Is Associated with Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus.

Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus is on the rise. Nontarget-mediated mechanisms are a common cause of azole resistance in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). Here, we investigate resistance mechanisms using whole-genome sequencing.

Domiciliation of Suppresses and Promotes Pea Growth, Ultrastructure, and Metabolic Features.

The beneficial microorganisms represent a new and hopeful solution for a sustainable environment and development. In this investigation, ZNW, isolated from seeds, was domiciliated within the pea plant for improving growth, disease management, and enhancement of productivity. NZW was isolated from deformed pea seeds, representing the first record of the pathogen caused by pea damping-off.

The Antimicrobial Effects of Saudi Sumra Honey against Drug Resistant Pathogens: Phytochemical Analysis, Antibiofilm, Anti-Quorum Sensing, and Antioxidant Activities.

Honey exhibited potential antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria that continues to be a serious health problem. We reported the in-vitro activity of Saudi Sumra honey against clinical pathogenic bacteria and fungi, antibiofilm, anti-quorum-sensing (QS) and antioxidant activities in relation to its phytochemical composition assessed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Broth dilution method and scavenging activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and β-carotene bleaching assays were performed.

Glycosylated Flavonoid Compounds as Potent CYP121 Inhibitors of .

Due to the concerning rise in the number of multiple- and prolonged-drug-resistant (MDR and XDR) (Mtb) strains, unprecedented demand has been created to design and develop novel therapeutic drugs with higher efficacy and safety. In this study, with a focused view on implementing an in silico drug design pipeline, a diverse set of glycosylated flavonoids were screened against the Mtb cytochrome-P450 enzyme 121 (CYP121), which is established as an approved drug target for the treatment of Mtb infection. A total of 148 glycosylated flavonoids were screened using structure-based virtual screening against the crystallized ligand, i.

NRF2 mediates melanoma addiction to GCDH by modulating apoptotic signalling.

Tumour dependency on specific metabolic signals has been demonstrated and often guided numerous therapeutic approaches. We identify melanoma addiction to the mitochondrial protein glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH), which functions in lysine metabolism and controls protein glutarylation. GCDH knockdown induced cell death programmes in melanoma cells, an activity blocked by inhibition of the upstream lysine catabolism enzyme DHTKD1.

Pharmacophore-Model-Based Drug Repurposing for the Identification of the Potential Inhibitors Targeting the Allosteric Site in Dengue Virus NS5 RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase.

Dengue virus (DENV) is the causative agent of DENV infection. To tackle DENV infection, the development of therapeutic molecules as direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has been demonstrated as a truly effective approach. Among various DENV drug targets, non-structural protein 5 (NS5)-a highly conserved protein among the family Flaviviridae-carries the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (DENV) domain at the C-terminal, and its "N-pocket" allosteric site is widely considered for anti-DENV drug development.

Behavioural and electrophysiological analyses of written word processing in spoken and literary Arabic: New insights into the diglossia question.

Diglossia in Arabic describes the existence and the use of two varieties of the same language: spoken Arabic (SA) and literary Arabic (LA). SA, the dialect first spoken by Arabic native speakers, is used in non-formal situations for everyday conversations, and varies from one region to another in the Arabic world. LA, acquired later in life when the children learn to read and write at school, is used for formal purposes such as media, speeches in public and religious sermons.

Arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase 1 (ATE1) promotes melanoma cell growth and migration.

Arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase 1 (ATE1) catalyses N-terminal protein arginylation, a post-translational modification implicated in cell migration, invasion and the cellular stress response. Herein, we report that ATE1 is overexpressed in NRAS-mutant melanomas, while it is downregulated in BRAF-mutant melanomas. ATE1 expression was higher in metastatic tumours, compared with primary tumours.

When Developmental Language Disorder Meets Diglossia: A Cross-Sectional Investigation of Listening Comprehension Among Native Arabic-Speaking Preschoolers.

Diglossia in the Arabic language refers to the existence of two varieties of the same language: the Spoken Arabic (SA) and the Literary Arabic (LA). This study examined the development of listening comprehension (LC) among diglossic Arabic K1-K3. For this purpose, a large sample of typically developing (TD; N = 210) and developmental language disorder children (DLD; N = 118) were examined using SA and LA texts.

Discovery of Bispecific Lead Compounds from against ZIKA NS2B-NS3 Protease and NS5 RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase Using Molecular Simulations.

Zika virus (ZIKV) has been characterized as one of many potential pathogens and placed under future epidemic outbreaks by the WHO. However, a lack of potential therapeutics can result in an uncontrolled pandemic as with other human pandemic viruses. Therefore, prioritized effective therapeutics development has been recommended against ZIKV.

Thiolation of Myco-Synthesized FeO-NPs: A Novel Promising Tool for Laccase Immobilization to Decolorize Textile Dyes and as an Application for Anticancer Agent.

Environmental pollution due to the continuous uncontrolled discharge of toxic dyes into the water bodies provides insight into the need to eliminate pollutants prior to discharge is significantly needed. Recently, the combination of conventional chemotherapeutic agents and nanoparticles has attracted considerable attention. Herein, the magnetic nanoparticles (FeO-NPs) were synthesized using metabolites of .

Current exposure to a second language modulates bilingual visual word recognition: An EEG study.

Bilingual word recognition has been the focus of much empirical work, but research on potential modulating factors, such as individual differences in L2 exposure, are limited. This study represents a first attempt to determine the impact of L2-exposure on bilingual word recognition in both languages. To this end, highly fluent bilinguals were split into two groups according to their L2-exposure, and performed a semantic categorisation task while recording their behavioural responses and electro-cortical (EEG) signal.

Updates on Molecular and Biochemical Development and Progression of Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) represents the most commonly non-cutaneous diagnosed cancer in men worldwide and occupies a very wide area of preclinical and clinical research. Targeted therapy for any cancer depends on the understanding of the molecular bases and natural behaviour of the diseases. Despite the well-known effect of androgen deprivation on PCa, many patients develop resistance either for antiandrogen therapy or other new treatment modalities such as checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy.

Production and immobilization of β-glucanase from Aspergillus niger with its applications in bioethanol production and biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi.

β-Glucanase has received great attention in recent years regarding their potential biotechnological applications and antifungal activities. Herein, the specific objectives of the present study were to purify, characterize and immobilize β-glucanase from Aspergillus niger using covalent binding and cross linking techniques. The evaluation of β-glucanase in hydrolysis of different lignocellulosic wastes with subsequent bioethanol production and its capability in biocontrol of pathogenic fungi was investigated.