Progresses in biosynthesis pathway, regulation mechanism and potential application of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in fragrant rice.

The formation of rice aroma is a complex process that is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. More than 500 fragrance compounds have been documented in fragrant rice, among which 2-AP dominates the aroma of rice. This paper introduced the identification of OsBadh2 in the biosynthesis of 2-AP in rice.

Genome-Wide Association Mapping Identifies New Candidate Genes for Cold Stress and Chilling Acclimation at Seedling Stage in Rice ( L.).

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a chilling-sensitive staple food crop, and thus, low temperature significantly affects rice growth and yield. Many studies have focused on the cold shock of rice although chilling acclimation is more likely to happen in the field.

Global identification of quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for cold stress and chilling acclimation in rice through GWAS and RNA-seq.

Associated analysis of GWAS with RNA-seq had detected candidate genes responsible for cold stress and chilling acclimation in rice. Haplotypes of two candidate genes and geographic distribution were analyzed. To explore new candidate genes and genetic resources for cold tolerance improvement in rice, genome-wide association study (GWAS) mapping experiments with 351 rice core germplasms was performed for three traits (survival rate, shoot length and chlorophyll content) under three temperature conditions (normal temperature, cold stress and chilling acclimation), yielding a total of 134 QTLs, of which 54, 59 and 21 QTLs were responsible for normal temperature, cold stress and chilling acclimation conditions, respectively.

Mitigation of the salinity stress in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) productivity by exogenous applications of bio-selenium nanoparticles during the early seedling stage.

In recent years, much attention has been directed toward using nanoparticles (NPs) as one of the most effective strategies to improve plant growth, especially under salt stress conditions. Further research has been conducted to develop NPs using various chemical ways; accordingly, knowledge about the beneficial effect of bioSeNPs in rapeseed is obscure. Selenium (Se) is a vital micronutrient with a series of physiological and antioxidative properties.

Antioxidative and Metabolic Contribution to Salinity Stress Responses in Two Rapeseed Cultivars during the Early Seedling Stage.

Measuring metabolite patterns and antioxidant ability is vital to understanding the physiological and molecular responses of plants under salinity. A morphological analysis of five rapeseed cultivars showed that Yangyou 9 and Zhongshuang 11 were the most salt-tolerant and -sensitive, respectively. In Yangyou 9, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were minimized by the activation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) for scavenging of over-accumulated ROS under salinity stress.

Modulation of salinity impact on early seedling stage via nano-priming application of zinc oxide on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).

Salinity stress negatively affects the plant's developmental stages through micronutrient imbalance. As an essential micronutrient, ZnO can substitute Na absorption under saline conditions. Therefore, nanoparticles as technological innovation, improve the plant growth efficiency under biotic and abiotic stresses.

The potent effect of silymarin combination with Praziquantel or mirazid for Schistosoma mansoni treatment in infected male swiss albino mice.

This work was carried out to investigate the effect of silymarin combination in the therapeutic plane of schistosomiasis with praziquantel or mirazid to enhance the liver and reduce fibrosis. Mice were divided into 2 main groups, the 1 uninfected group served as control and the 2 group infected subcutaneously with 60 cercaria of S. mansoni per each.

Phylogeny, structural diversity and genome-wide expression analysis of fibrillin family genes in rice.

Fibrillins (FBNs) constitute a plastid-lipid-associated protein family that plays a role in chloroplast development, lipids metabolism and stress responses in plants. Until now, FBNs have been functionally characterized in stability of thylakoid and responses to the different stress stimuli. Consequently, phylogeny, domain composition and structural features of 121 FBNs family proteins from ten representative species have been identified.

The Beneficial Effect of Eco-Friendly Green Nanoparticles Using Peel Extract against Pathogenicity of in Female BALB/c Mice.

is a psychrophilic bacterium, which causes widespread zoonosis in the natural environment, and mainly affects goat, sheep, and cattle herds. Recently, we predicted that it can be transmitted through food. It causes listeriosis, a severe infectious disease, which occurs with food contaminated with the pathogenic bacterium.

Biowastes alone and combined with sulfur affect the phytoavailability of Cu and Zn to barnyard grass and sorghum in a fluvial alkaline soil under dry and wet conditions.

Management of degraded soils (i.e., metal contaminated soils, salt affected soils, and soils with low organic matter content) by applying biowastes (e.

Long-term results using a transanal irrigation system (Peristeen) for treatment of stool incontinence in children with myelomeningocele.

Introduction: Faecal incontinence due to constipation associated with myelomeningocele (MMC) is a frustrating problem. It could have a bad impact on patients and their families' quality of life. Conservative measures could be a starting point.

Compost and sulfur affect the mobilization and phyto-availability of Cd and Ni to sorghum and barnyard grass in a spiked fluvial soil.

Soil reclamation via additives can cause contradictory effects on the mobilization of toxic elements in soils under dry and wet conditions. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the impact of compost and sulfur in two rates (1.25 and 2.

Evaluation of the Effects of Cypermethrin on Female Reproductive Function by Using Rabbit Model and of the Protective Role of Chinese Propolis.

The prophylactic effects of Chinese propolis against cypermethrin toxicity were evaluated by performing ovary and uterus histopathology, as well as by characterizing ovarian function, embryos, and litters. Cypermethrin induced atypia in the ovary and uterus, and decreased the ovulation sites and the number of embryos. Cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress during pregnancy, decreased the parturition rate as well as the number and weight of offspring and increased the incidence of morphological malformations in the offspring.

Uronephrological outcomes of patients with neural tube defects. Does a spina bifida clinic make a difference?

Objective: To review the uronephrological outcomes of myelomeningocele (MMC) patients attending a Spina Bifida Clinic.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients from the combined Spina Bifida Clinic, at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between 1999 and 2009 who had at least one year of follow-up with us. We examined their demographic data, uronephrological status at presentation, most recent follow-up, and the rate of surgical intervention.

Clinical features of avian influenza in Egyptian patients.

The clinical manifestations associated with H5N1 infection in humans range from asymptomatic infection to mild upper respiratory illness, severe pneumonia, and multiple organ failure. The ratio of symptomatic cases to asymptomatic cases is not known, because it is not possible to precisely define the number of asymptomatic cases. A total of 97 cases suffering from avian flu were suspected based on history taking, demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory and radiological investigations.

Electrical characterisation of deep level defects in Be-doped AlGaAs grown on (100) and (311)A GaAs substrates by MBE.

The growth of high mobility two-dimensional hole gases (2DHGs) using GaAs-GaAlAs heterostructures has been the subject of many investigations. However, despite many efforts hole mobilities in Be-doped structures grown on (100) GaAs substrate remained considerably lower than those obtained by growing on (311)A oriented surface using silicon as p-type dopant. In this study we will report on the properties of hole traps in a set of p-type Be-doped Al0.

Deep-level Transient Spectroscopy of GaAs/AlGaAs Multi-Quantum Wells Grown on (100) and (311)B GaAs Substrates.

Si-doped GaAs/AlGaAs multi-quantum wells structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy on (100) and (311)B GaAs substrates have been studied by using conventional deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and high-resolution Laplace DLTS techniques. One dominant electron-emitting level is observed in the quantum wells structure grown on (100) plane whose activation energy varies from 0.47 to 1.

Limited Field Radiotherapy Concomitant with Cisplatin/Etoposide Followed by Consolidation Docetaxel for the Treatment of Inoperable Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and outcome of concomitant cisplatin/etoposide and limited field irradiation followed by consolidation docetaxel in patients with locally advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: This is a prospective phase II study that included 32 patients with locally advanced stage III NSCLC who presented to the Radiation Oncology and Chest Departments- Ain Shams University hospitals, and Sohag Cancer Center between May 2004 and August 2006. Eligible patients were treated first with two cycles of cisplatin 50mg/m2/day on days 1, 8, 29 and 36 and etoposide 50mg/m2/day on days 1-5 and 29-33 concomitant with conventionally fractionated radiation (66Gy in 2Gy fractions) to the gross primary disease and regionally involved lymph nodes followed by 3 cycles of consolidation single agent docetaxel, 75mg/m2/3 weeks.

Acceptance and compliance of clean intermittent catheterization among Saudi patients.

Objective: To determine the applicability, acceptance, and compliance of the option of clean intermittent catheterization CIC when needed by patients in our society.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the files of all patients for whom CIC was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital and Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 1998, and 2006. We considered primary pathology, indication of CIC, age at CIC initiation, and who administered the CIC.

Botulinum-A toxin: solo treatment for neuropathic noncompliant bladder.

Purpose: We investigated whether botulinum-A toxin is better used alone or in conjunction with oxybutynin chloride in the management of refractory neuropathic bladder.

Materials And Methods: Between March 2004 and February 2006 a total of 23 children (mean age 5.6 +/- 2.