[The use of batumin-containing disks for the rapid identification of staphylococci].

The study of 467 microbial strains obtained from collections and from clinical sources revealed that microorganisms of the genus Staphylococcus were highly sensitive to batumin, a new antibiotic obtained from bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas. 378 strains of 15 Staphylococcus species proved to be highly sensitive to the diagnostic preparation "Diastaph", developed on the basis of batumin (antibiotic-impregnated discs); After 18-hour incubation the diameter of the growth inhibition zones on agar-containing culture media was 18-38 mm. Strains belonging to the genera Micrococcus, Dermacoccus, Kocuria and Kytococcus, as well as the tested representatives of other taxa (Planococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Neisseria, the representatives of all tested genera of the family Enterobacteriaceae, fungi of the genus Candida) were insensitive to the diagnosticum.

[The possible role of the elements of protein secondary structure in adaptation to the action of ionizing radiation].

Changes in the secondary structure of enzymes induced by gamma-rays 60Co at doses not exceeding one ionization per macromolecule were studied to elucidate a possible role of radiation-chemical processes in the evolution of proteins. The data on the comparative radioresistance of various types of secondary protein structures, alpha-helix, parallel and anti-parallel beta-structures, and beta-turn, were obtained by the method of circular dichroism. It was shown that beta-turns were resistant against radiation, alpha-helix was relatively stable, and beta-layer underwent significant changes.

[Radiation-protective effect of S-methylmethionine (vitamin U)].

S-Methylmethionine had moderate radioprotective activity, the efficiency of radioprotection was 15-30%, the value of dose decrease coefficient-1.2. Biological effect of S-methylmethionine was probably provided by its ability to decrease the level of lipid peroxidation and inhibit monoamine oxidase activity.

[The clinico-physiological validation of the use of the endolymphatic route for antibiotic administration for preventing the translocation of intestinal microflora during the treatment of sepsis patients].

One of the main mechanisms of generalization of infection in purulent-inflammatory processes of the abdominal cavity, retroperitoneal space and pelvis minor is translocation of the pathogenic microflora of the intestine in the lymphatic system via regional lymphatic nodes with subsequent rupture into the systemic circulation. Endolymphatic administration of antibacterial agents into the peripheral lymphatic vessel favours saturation of the reticuloendothelial structures of the lymph nodes by the antibiotic agent that increases their barrier function and, thus, prevents generalization of the infection and development of polyorganic insufficiency.

[The characteristics of the action of gamma irradiation on the secondary structure of ribonuclease in vitro and the effect of oxygen on this process].

The change in the secondary structure of ribonuclease after 60Co gamma irradiation with a dose of 1,000 Gy in 0.2% aqueous solution was estimated using the circular dichroism method. The beta structures were significantly changed, while other types of the secondary structure (alpha-helix and beta-turns) changed insignificantly.

[Low-intensity helium-neon laser irradiation in multimodal treatment of corneal injuries].

He-Ne laser stimulation was used in multiple-modality treatment of 512 patients with various corneal conditions: 217 with perforating wounds, 75 with chemical and thermal burns, 48 with ulcers of various origins, and 162 with endothelial-epithelial dystrophy resulting from cataract extraction with implantation of the intraocular lens. A course of treatment consisted of 6 to 10 daily 3 min exposures at radiation power density of 50-100 micro W/cm2 on the cornea. The effect achieved by laser stimulation was significantly superior to that of routine methods of treatment used in the reference groups.

[Tuberculosis morbidity in the areas under strict radiation control].

The levels of tuberculosis morbidity in the areas of a strict radiation control imposed as a consequence of the accident at the Chernobyl atomic power station are determined by the following two factors: outflow of young people (including children) whose tuberculosis morbidity is rather low; and lesser coverage of the population by preventive fluorographic examinations. In the majority of the areas of a strict radiation control, lesser coverage of the population by preventive fluorographic examinations has a predominant influence on the tuberculosis morbidity rates which appear to be lower than in 1985. At the same time the percentage of the destructive forms in newly diagnosed patients with respiratory tuberculosis happens to increase, while the proportion of those developing focal pulmonary tuberculosis appears to decrease.

[Morphologic study of tissue basophils of the skin in rats after acute local irradiation].

A comparative morphological study was made of tissue basophils (TB) of rat skin at remote times (40, 70, 140, and 360 days) following single local exposure to soft and hard X-radiation with the doses at the skin surface of 15, 20, and 30 Gy. The TB response was maximum in the subepidermal and supramuscular layers of friable connective tissue. Changes in a median TB diameter were of a phase nature and a function of radiation dose absorbed in the skin layers under study.

[Clinical picture and treatment of acute thallium poisoning].

The authors report results of treatment of 16 patients whose disease was caused by premeditated poisoning with thallium fluoride. The first signs of the disease appeared in 5 patients 30-38 hours and in the remaining 2-4 days after ingestion of poisoned food and were manifested by dyspepsia, leg pain. Then neurological symptoms of polyneuritis and encephalomyelitis prevailed.

[The effect of oxygen on denaturation and aggregation of enzyme macromolecules during gamma-irradiation].

The ribonuclease molecules irradiated in a solution in the presence of 18O2 were separated, by the method of gel-chromatography, into fractions of aggregated macromolecules, denatured monomers and the molecules which retained the original sizes. Oxygen was bound by the molecules of all fractions. The oxygen binding prevented the aggregation of macromolecules.