[The central hemodynamic indices of patients with ulcerative gastroduodenal hemorrhage].

Changes in certain indices for central hemodynamics in the early period after emergency operation were evaluated in 79 patients with helcoid gastroduodenal hemorrhage, the patients' age ranging between 18 to 80 years. At admission all patients demonstrated lowered cardiac and stroke output, cardiac and stroke indices, with the total peripheral vascular resistance being slightly increased. Operation aggravates disturbances in hemodynamics caused by loss of blood.

[Surgical treatment of ulcer complicated with severe hemorrhage].

The results of treatment of 380 patients with the globular volume deficiency of 40% and more, operated in urgency for ulcer gastroduodenal bleeding. In 124 (32.6%) of them ulcer was localized in the stomach, in 224 (64.

[A treatment method for patients with a local suppurative infection].

To treat patients with the post-injection abscess and mastitis, suspension of alveolar porcine macrophages was periodically introduced via a drainage tube into the cavity formed after sparing opening of an abscess and removal of necrotic tissues. Local use of the substance permitted to shorten by 30-50% the duration of hospital stay of the patients as compared to that in use of conventional methods.

[The diagnosis and treatment of a closed abdominal injury]].

The experience with diagnosis and treatment of 216 sufferers with closed injury to the abdomen, including 186 who were operated on, has been summarized. The main methods for diagnosis of closed abdominal injury are laparoscopy and laparocentesis, the operation of choice--laparotomy.

[The surgical procedure in patients with hemorrhaging perforating gastroduodenal ulcers].

The paper presented the results of surgical treatment of 277 patients with bleeding penetrating gastroduodenal ulcers. Gastric location of the ulcer was revealed in 52 patients and duodenal location in 225 ones. More commonly used resections of the stomach according to a Billroth-I method or suprapyloric resections versus the resection of the stomach according to method Billroth-II when used in the patients with gastric location of the ulcers helped to reduce the mortality from 23.

[Several aspects of improvement in the training of surgeons at medical institutes].

This paper summarizes the experience gained in the training of surgery specialists at a medical institute and determines the main shortcomings of undergraduate and postgraduate specialization. A sociological survey carried out in the groups of subinterns indicated low effectiveness of preinstitute and intrainstitute professional orientation. Great emphasis is being placed on increasing the quality of training on fundamental sciences and preclinical disciplines.

[The acid-base status and oxygen-transport function of the blood in patients in the early period after surgical interventions for ulcerative gastroduodenal hemorrhage].

Changes in the acid-base state and acid-transport function of blood were studied in 59 patients with gastroduodenal ulcer bleedings. More than 50% of the changes were more pronounced in patients with a deficient globular volume and its recovery was somewhat slower. In spite of reduced values of the concentration of hemoglobin in blood, 2,3-DPH and ATP of erythrocytes, most patients were found to have satisfactory compensation of the acid-transport function and balanced oxygen affinity for hemoglobin during the whole postoperative period.

[Clinical course and therapy of acute destructive cholecystitis in elderly and very old patients].

In analysis of clinical manifestations and results of surgical treatment of acute destructive cholecystitis in 215 elderly and senile patients, the authors established, that clinical picture of the given pathology was obscure, despite the presence of destructive forms of inflammation. The necessity for early performance of an operation is substantiated.

[Blood coagulation in patients with ulcerous gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

In 108 patients with ulcerous gastrointestinal hemorrhage, the indices which characterize the coagulative and fibrinolytic systems of the blood were studied. At the moment of admission, in patients with severe blood loss, the moderate manifestations of the disseminated intravascular coagulation, which is the most characteristic in globular volume deficiency of more than 50%, were noted. After the operation, the revealed changes in the system of hemostasis increased.

[Surgical treatment of patients with a bleeding giant ulcer of the stomach and duodenum].

The results of surgical treatment of 112 patients with a bleeding giant gastric, or duodenal ulcer, comprising 18.6% of the number of patients with acute ulcerous gastrointestinal bleeding operated on in the emergency order are presented. The use of active surgical tactics permitted to increase the specific weight of radical operations to 62.

[Surgery in bleeding stenosing pyloroduodenal ulcer].

The results of surgical treatment of 147 patients with a bleeding stenosing pyloroduodenal ulcer are presented. The operation of choice in this pathology is a selective proximal vagotomy in combination with the original methods of ulcer excision and drainage operations, and as well a selective proximal vagotomy with antrectomy. Gastric resection is indicated in patients with decompensated stenosis of gastric outlet and pronounced disorders in motor-evacuatory function of the stomach.

[The causes of intestinal hemorrhages].

Eight-year experience with treatment of 218 patients with hemorrhoidal and 68 with non-hemorrhoidal intestinal bleeding indicates that in the first group of patients the most adequate treatment was urgent hemorrhoidectomy and correction of anemia. For correct diagnosis and treatment of patients with non-hemorrhoidal intestinal bleeding the patients should be hospitalized in special clinics equipped with modern diagnostic and treatment facilities.

[Intensive therapy of patients surgically treated in acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage of peptic ulcer etiology].

The emergency operations were performed in 6,506 patients for acute hemorrhage in gastric and duodenal ulcer. A method for the complex corrigative intensive therapy is presented. The use of combined parenteral and enteral nutrition facilitates a care of the patients, favours the prophylaxis of complications.

[Lipid peroxidation and lysosomal enzyme activity in patients with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage of peptic ulcer etiology].

In examination of 51 patient with acute gastrointestinal bleeding of ulcer etiology, the activity of lysosomal enzymes, peroxide oxidation of lipids were increased, the activity of antioxidant system was decreased. This can lead to inhibition of proliferative processes, stipulating the severity of blood loss, course of the postoperative period, the incidence of postoperative complications, and lethality.

[Surgical treatment of patients with bleeding stomach ulcers].

The results of treatment of 480 patients with bleeding gastric ulcers are presented. The more wide use of the Billroth-I gastric resection (135 patients) versus Billroth-II gastric resection (54 patients) permitted to reduce the incidence of early postoperative complications from 42.6 to 15.