J Glob Health
January 2025
Background: We aimed to identify the central lifestyle, the most impactful among lifestyle factor clusters; the central health outcome, the most impactful among health outcome clusters; and the bridge lifestyle, the most strongly connected to health outcome clusters, across 29 countries to optimise resource allocation for local holistic health improvements.
Methods: From July 2020 to August 2021, we surveyed 16 461 adults across 29 countries who self-reported changes in 18 lifestyle factors and 13 health outcomes due to the pandemic. Three networks were generated by network analysis for each country: lifestyle, health outcome, and bridge networks.
Introduction: High-frequency recurring orders placed through the electronic medical record (EMR) may contribute to unnecessary care in hospitalised patients. This quality initiative sought to develop and pilot test a hospital order set for bundled review and de-implementation of common recurring orders.
Methods: A voluntary-use EMR order set was developed to display low-frequency order alternatives for common hospital care components.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities
October 2024
Background: Hospital medicine patient distribution models (PDM) assign patients to inpatient services on hospital admission. Models balance tradeoffs including patient handoffs, physician wellness, subspecialty care, and other factors to ensure optimal outcomes; however, equity is rarely considered. Handoffs during inpatient care can result in medical error and worse patient outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a theory-driven multimodal cancer rehabilitation intervention (MCRI) programme among Hong Kong Chinese women treated for female reproductive cancers (FRC).
Methods: A single-blinded randomised controlled trial was conducted in two regional hospitals in Hong Kong involving 35 women treated for FRC. The intervention group (n = 18) received a 12-week MCRI which included 30 modules of app-based health education and three nurse-led individual counselling sessions.
J Glob Health
June 2024
J Glob Health
April 2024
Background: Central and bridge nodes can drive significant overall improvements within their respective networks. We aimed to identify them in 16 prevalent chronic diseases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to guide effective intervention strategies and appropriate resource allocation for most significant holistic lifestyle and health improvements.
Methods: We surveyed 16 512 adults from July 2020 to August 2021 in 30 territories.
Objectives: There is a lack of evidence-based guidelines to direct best practices in interhospital transfers (IHTs). We aimed to identify frontline physicians' current and ideal reasons for accepting IHT patients to inform future IHT research and guidelines.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of hospitalist physicians across 11 geographically diverse hospitals.
Background: Direct admissions from clinic or home to the hospital may improve efficiency and reduce emergency room utilization, but nonoptimized processes may increase the risk of harm during the transition of care. Our multidisciplinary team aimed to understand and improve the process of directly admitting patients to inpatient medicine services at a large academic medical center.
Methods: In this single-institution quality improvement initiative, we identified key communication gaps within the direct admission process and implemented a handoff tool in the form of a templated note and order set to bridge those communication gaps.
Motivation: We introduce SMapper, a novel web and software tool for visualizing spatial prevalence data of all types including those suffering from incomplete geographic coverage and insufficient sample sizes. We demonstrate the benefits of our tool in overcoming interpretational issues with existing tools caused by such data limitations. We exemplify the use of SMapper by applications to human genotype and phenotype data relevant in an epidemiological, anthropological and forensic context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Beneficial effects of music intervention and progressive muscle relaxation alone on psychological issues were reported, however, studies evaluating their combined effects are limited. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effects of music intervention combined with progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety, depression, stress, and quality of life among breast and gynaecological cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
Methods: The study was carried out from March to May 2022 in an oncology hospital in Vietnam.
J Glob Health
October 2023
Background: The interconnected nature of lifestyles and interim health outcomes implies the presence of the central lifestyle, central interim health outcome and bridge lifestyle, which are yet to be determined. Modifying these factors holds immense potential for substantial positive changes across all aspects of health and lifestyles. We aimed to identify these factors from a pool of 18 lifestyle factors and 13 interim health outcomes while investigating potential gender and occupation differences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Glob Health
August 2023
Background: The health area being greatest impacted by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and residents' perspective to better prepare for future pandemic remain unknown. We aimed to assess and make cross-country and cross-region comparisons of the global impacts of COVID-19 and preparation preferences of pandemic.
Methods: We recruited adults in 30 countries covering all World Health Organization (WHO) regions from July 2020 to August 2021.
Nonsurgical bleeding occurs in a significant proportion of patients implanted with continuous-flow ventricular assist devices (CF-VADs) and is associated with nonphysiologic flow with diminished pulsatility. An in vitro vascular pulse perfusion model seeded with adult human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) was used to identify biomarkers sensitive to changes in pulsatility. Diminished pulsatility resulted in an ~45% decrease in von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels from 9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake rate is substantially lower in ethnic minority populations than in the general population. Racial and ethnic minority individuals experience more barriers in obtaining a screening test for CRC when compared with the non-Hispanic White population.
Objective: To examine the effectiveness of community health worker-led interventions in improving the CRC screening uptake rate in racial and ethnic minority populations.
Despite numerous studies on various surface modifications on titanium and its alloys, it remains unclear what kind of titanium-based surface modifications are capable of controlling cell activity. This study aimed to understand the mechanism at the cellular and molecular levels and investigate the response of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cultured on the Ti-6Al-4V surface modified by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treatment. A Ti-6Al-4V surface was prepared by PEO at 180, 280, and 380 V for 3 or 10 min in an electrolyte containing Ca/P ions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreast and gynaecological cancer (BGC) patients receiving chemotherapy may experience high levels of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Music interventions may be effective in lowering their stress levels. This study explored stressors, coping strategies, and the feasibility of music interventions among BGC patients in Vietnam.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Patients on continuous flow ventricular assist devices (CF-VADs) are at high risk for the development of Acquired von-Willebrand Syndrome (AVWS) and non-surgical bleeding. von Willebrand Factor (vWF) plays an essential role in maintaining hemostasis via platelet binding to the damaged endothelium to facilitate coagulation. In CF-VAD patients, degradation of vWF into low MW multimers that are inefficient in facilitating coagulation occurs and has been primarily attributed to the supraphysiological shear stress associated with the CF-VAD impeller.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: A range of psychological issues often accompany breast cancer chemotherapy. Due to their ubiquity, mobile phones have been used to deliver supportive interventions addressing these issues. However, we currently lack sufficient evidence to guide the design of such interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Music may be a safe and effective coping strategy for psychological management. The objectives of this review were to identify the effects of music interventions on anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QoL) among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
Methods: Fourteen databases were searched from the inception date to December 2020 to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Background: Patients with continuous flow ventricular assist devices (CF-VADs) are at high risk for non-surgical bleeding, speculated to associate with the loss of pulsatility following CF-VAD placement. It has been hypothesized that continuous shear stress causes elongation and increased enzymatic degradation of von Willebrand Factor (vWF), a key player in thrombus formation at sites of vascular damage. However, the role of loss of pulsatility on the unravelling behavior of vWF has not been widely explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom 2012 to 2021, prevalence of pathogenic Yersinia in wild rodents captured in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan was investigated twice a year to clarify the ecology of this pathogen in wild rodent populations. Pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica O8 was isolated from 13 (1.7%) of 755 wild rodents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA total of 1,318 wild geckos were collected in Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam (Hue and the Mekong Delta) from 2012 to 2015 to determine the prevalence of Salmonella Weltevreden. Those geckos belong to three species: common house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus), flat-tailed house gecko (Hemidactylus platyurus) and four-clawed gecko (Gehyra mutilata). Of 1,318 gecko samples, 293 (22.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) results in short-term (3-5 h) exposure to flow with diminished pulsatility often referred to as "continuous flow". It is unclear if short-term exposure to continuous flow influences endothelial function, particularly, changes in levels of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic cytokines. In this study, we used the endothelial cell culture model (ECCM) to evaluate if short-term (≤5 h) reduction in pulsatility alters levels of pro-inflammatory/pro-angiogenic cytokine levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
January 2021
Tissue chips (TCs) and microphysiological systems (MPSs) that incorporate human cells are novel platforms to model disease and screen drugs and provide an alternative to traditional animal studies. This review highlights the basic definitions of TCs and MPSs, examines four major organs/tissues, identifies critical parameters for organization and function (tissue organization, blood flow, and physical stresses), reviews current microfluidic approaches to recreate tissues, and discusses current shortcomings and future directions for the development and application of these technologies. The organs emphasized are those involved in the metabolism or excretion of drugs (hepatic and renal systems) and organs sensitive to drug toxicity (cardiovascular system).
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