Methane and nitrous oxide emissions in the rice-shrimp rotation system of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta.

Rice-shrimp rotation systems are one of the widespread farming practices in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta coastal areas. However, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the system have remained unclear. This study aimed to examine methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO) emissions from the system, including land-based versus high-density polyethylene-lined (HDPE) nursery ponds and conventional versus improved grow-out ponds inoculated with effective microorganisms (EM) bioproducts.

Metabolic pathway engineering of high-salinity-induced overproduction of L-proline improves high-salinity stress tolerance of an ectoine-deficient .

Halophilic bacteria have adapted to survive in high-salinity environments by accumulating amino acids and their derivatives as organic osmolytes. L-Proline (Pro) is one such osmolyte that is also being used as a feed stimulant in the aquaculture industry. OUT30018 is a moderately halophilic bacterium that accumulates ectoine (Ect), but not Pro, as an osmolyte.

Expression of an engineered salt-inducible proline biosynthetic operon in a glutamic acid over-producing mutant, Halomonas elongata GOP, confers increased proline yield due to enhanced growth under high-salinity conditions.

L-Proline (Pro) is an essential amino acid additive in livestock and aquaculture feeds. Previously, we created a Pro overproducing Halomonas elongata HN6 by introducing an engineered salt-inducible Pro biosynthetic mCherry-proBm1AC operon and deleting a putA gene that encoded a Pro catabolic enzyme in the genome of H. elongata OUT30018.

Surface Modifications of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Chitosan, Polyethylene Glycol, Polyvinyl Alcohol, and Polyvinylpyrrolidone as Methylene Blue Adsorbent Beads.

Due to the negative impacts the dye may have on aquatic habitats and human health, it is often found in industrial effluent and poses a threat to public health. Hence, to solve this problem, this study developed magnetic adsorbents that can remove synthetic dyes like methylene blue. The adsorbent, in the form of beads, consists of a polymer blend of chitosan, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (average size of 19.

Electrocardiogram Cream Reduces Skin-Electrode Impedance Upon Neuromuscular Monitoring Using TOF-Cuff®.

Background Mechanistic insight into the high failure rate of TOF-Cuff® (RGB Medical Devices, Madrid, Spain) measurements on the lower leg is unclear. Aims We aimed to determine whether materials applied to pseudo-skin can reduce the impedance between a model arm and TOF-Cuff® electrodes and whether a material between TOF-Cuff® electrodes and the patient's skin surface decreases the skin-TOF-Cuff® electrode impedance within the appropriate range. Methods This was a combination of an in vitro study using non-living materials and a prospective observational clinical study.

Chemical compositions and biological activities of essential oil leaves cultivated in Vietnam (Thua Thien Hue).

is an evergreen citrus plant and has attracted considerable attention due to its bioactive components and biological activities. In the present study, the essential oil (EO) from cultivated in Vietnam was demonstrated to exhibit the in vitro antioxidant, thrombolytic, anti-hemolysis, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. Briefly, the gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the leaf EO of was composed of 33 components, with the main constituents being β-carypphyllene (32.

Impacts of dyke systems on the distribution of benthic invertebrate communities and physicochemical characteristics of surface water in An Giang, Vietnam.

The dyke system plays a vital role in cultivating rice intensively in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta, which protects rice paddy fields from annual floods. This study aimed to examine whether the full-dyke system (FD, which restricts water exchange for a long time) can cause degradation of surface water quality and reduction in benthic invertebrate biodiversity. The surface water quality and benthic invertebrate community were compared between the FD and semi-dyke systems (SD, which permits water exchange during flooding season) using a large number of samples collected seasonally in 2019.

The Diagnostic Power of Circulating miR-1246 in Screening Cancer: An Updated Meta-analysis.

Background: MicroRNA-1246 (miR-1246), an oncomiR that regulates the expression of multiple cancer-related genes, has been attracted and studied as a promising indicator of various tumors. However, diverse conclusions on diagnostic accuracy have been shown due to the small sample size and limited studies included. This meta-analysis is aimed at systematically assessing the performance of extracellular circulating miR-1246 in screening common cancers.

Structure and chemopreventive activity of fucoidans from the brown alga Alaria angusta.

Six fucoidan fractions were isolated from the brown alga Alaria angusta. Structures of enzymatic hydrolysis products of the fraction 1AaF2 (Fuc:Gal ~ 1:1; 33 % of sulfates) by fucanase from Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica were studied by chemical and instrumental (NMR spectroscopy and mass-spectrometry) methods. It was shown that 1AaF2 consisted of two structurally different fucoidans: a sulfated 1,3;1,4-α-L-fucan and an enzyme-resistant sulfated and acetylated complex fucogalactan (Fuc:Gal ~ 1:2; 19 % of sulfates) 1AaF2_HMP containing extended 1,3-linked fucose and 1,3/1,4-linked galactose fragments (up to 5 residues).

The Endo-α(1,4) Specific Fucoidanase Fhf2 From Releases Highly Sulfated Fucoidan Oligosaccharides.

Fucoidanases are endo-fucoidanases (also known as endo-fucanases) that catalyze hydrolysis of α-glycosidic linkages in fucoidans, a family of sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides primarily found in the cell walls of brown seaweeds. Fucoidanases are promising tools for producing bioactive fucoidan oligosaccharides for a range of biomedical applications. High sulfation degree has been linked to high bioactivity of fucoidans.

Molecular Identification and Characterization of Probiotic Species with the Ability to Control spp. in Wild Fish Intestines and Sponges from the Vietnam Sea.

Vibriosis in farmed animals is a serious threat to aquaculture worldwide. Using probiotics and anti- antimicrobial substances in aquaculture systems can be a means of preventing infections. Therefore, we aimed to characterize and compare 16 potential anti- probiotics (Vi+) isolated from marine sponges and fish intestines collected from the Vietnam Sea, as well as an anti- bacteriocin to fully explore their application potentials.

NK cells in hypoxic skin mediate a trade-off between wound healing and antibacterial defence.

During skin injury, immune response and repair mechanisms have to be coordinated for rapid skin regeneration and the prevention of microbial infections. Natural Killer (NK) cells infiltrate hypoxic skin lesions and Hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) mediate adaptation to low oxygen. We demonstrate that mice lacking the Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α isoform in NK cells show impaired release of the cytokines Interferon (IFN)-γ and Granulocyte Macrophage - Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) as part of a blunted immune response.

The structure of fucoidan from Sargassum oligocystum and radiosensitizing activity of galactofucans from some algae of genus Sargassum.

The aim of this study was to establish the fine structure of fucoidan from Sargassum oligocystum and to study the radiosensitizing effect of fucoidans from three algae of genus Sargassum (S. oligocystum, S. duplicatum, and S.

Comprehensive analysis of fatty acids in human milk of four Asian countries.

Human milk lipids provide not only energy but also indispensable bioactive components such as essential fatty acids. To establish the recommended daily intake value and guidelines for infant formula, a reference library of fatty acid composition has been generated from 4 Asian countries (South Korea, China, Vietnam, and Pakistan). Regardless of country, palmitic acid (C16:0), linoleic acid (C18:1), and linolenic acid (C18:2) were the 3 most abundant fatty acids in human milk and account for more than 75% of total fatty acids (total FA).

Long-term outcome in mediastinal malignancies: video-assisted thoracoscopic versus open surgery.

Purpose: There are not many studies comparing long-term oncological outcomes between video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and open surgery for mediastinal malignancies. This study aimed to compare perioperative and long-term outcomes of these two techniques in the treatment of mediastinal malignancies.

Methods: This is a retrospective study: patients with mediastinal malignancies underwent VATS or open surgery from 2010 to 2013 and were followed until 2019.

Surgical repair for post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis.

Aim: Post-tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis is rare but one of the most dangerous complications of tracheobronchial tuberculosis. Balloon dilatation, stent insertion, laser photoresection, argon plasma coagulation, and cryotherapy are some of the initial treatments recommended for mild to moderate cases. Here, we report a case series of patients who underwent segmental resection and end-to-end anastomosis for bronchial stenosis and a sliding technique for severe and long-segment tracheal stenosis.

-Oligocarrageenan Promoting Growth of Hybrid Maize: Influence of Molecular Weight.

-Oligocarrageenan (OC) is an effective biostimulator and a protector against disease infections for plants. However, the effect of OC molecular weight (MW) on plant growth is not fully understood. In this work, OCs with three different MWs (42, 17 and 4 kDa) was prepared by varying the degradation reaction time using ascorbic acid as a reagent.

A Comparison of Vitamin and Lutein Concentrations in Breast Milk from Four Asian Countries.

Vitamins are the essential elements for human life and, particularly, for infant health. Human milk is the best source of nutrients for newborns, however, the information of vitamins in Asian maternal milk is still limited. In this study, we have collected 580 Asian maternal milk samples from Korea ( = 254), China ( = 137), Pakistan ( = 92), and Vietnam ( = 97).

Efficacy of Microwave Ablation in the Treatment of Large (≥3 cm) Benign Thyroid Nodules.

Background: Large (≥3 cm) benign thyroid nodules usually cause clinical symptoms or cosmetic concerns and therefore require treatment. Microwave ablation (MWA) is a potential valid non-surgical treatment alternative, but there is a lack of evidence. Thus, this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of MWA in the treatment of large benign thyroid nodules.

Heteroaggregation and sedimentation of graphene oxide with hematite colloids: Influence of water constituents and impact on tetracycline adsorption.

Because the transport of graphene oxide nanosheets (GO) from water to sediments is influenced by their heteroaggregation and sedimentation with natural colloids, knowledge on the interdependence of heteroaggregation and sedimentation for GO is needed to gain a better insight on the environmental fate of these nanosheets. However, this phenomenon is still not well understood. In this study, the heteroaggregation and sedimentation behaviors of GO with hematite nanoparticles (HemNPs) were investigated at various conditions.