Description and performance of two diet quality scores based on the Nova classification.

Objective: To describe two low-burden diet quality scores and evaluate their performance in reflecting the dietary share of the least and most processed foods defined within the Nova food system classification.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included data from the NutriNet-Brasil cohort. Participants answered the Nova24hScreener, a 3-minute self-administered questionnaire measuring the consumption of a set of foods on the day before.

Higher Ultraprocessed Food Consumption Is Associated With Depression Persistence and Higher Risk of Depression Incidence in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.

Background: Ultraprocessed foods (UPF) consumption has been associated with depression risk, but its association with depression persistence is unclear.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of UPF consumption with depression persistence and incidence.

Design: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health is a multicenter prospective cohort study with 3 waves (2008-2010, 2012-2014, and 2017-2019).

Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Hypertension Risk in the REGARDS Cohort Study.

Background: This study examined the longitudinal association between ultraprocessed food (UPF) consumption and overall hypertension risk and explored the contribution of UPF to racial disparities in hypertension risk.

Methods: We analyzed data from 5957 participants from the REGARDS cohort study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Disparities in Stroke) who were free from hypertension during visit 1 (2003-2007), had complete dietary information at visit 1, and completed visit 2 (2013-2016). UPF consumption was measured using the Nova classification system and operationalized as percent calories and grams.

"Warning: ultra-processed": an online experiment examining the impact of ultra-processed warning labels on consumers' product perceptions and behavioral intentions.

Background: Nutrient content and degree of processing are complementary but distinct concepts, and a growing body of evidence shows that ultra-processed foods (UPFs) can have detrimental health effects independently from nutrient content. 10 + countries currently mandate front-of-package labels (FOPL) to inform consumers when products are high in added sugars, saturated fat, and/or sodium. Public health advocates have been calling for the addition of ultra-processed warning labels to these FOPLs, but the extent to which consumers would understand and be influenced by such labels remains unknown.

Ultraprocessed food intake and body mass index change among youths: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Suboptimal diets may promote undesired weight gain in youths, with high ultraprocessed food (UPF) intake becoming a significant concern in the United States.

Objectives: We evaluated the association between UPF intake and body mass index [BMI (in kg/m)] change in large United States youth cohorts.

Methods: Participants included children and adolescents (7-17 y) from the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS1 and GUTS2) who completed baseline and ≥1 follow-up diet and anthropometrics assessment (GUTS1 1996-2001: N = 15,797; GUTS2 2004-2011: N = 9720).

Ultraprocessed food consumption and risk of gallstone disease: analysis of 3 prospective cohorts.

Background: Majority of dietary intake in United States adults comes from ultraprocessed foods (UPFs), which have been linked to several adverse health outcomes. Gallstone disease is highly prevalent and constitutes a significant burden to the United States health system but remains understudied.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between UPF consumption and incident gallstone disease risk.

Ultraprocessed Food Intake and Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Among Women Observed in the Nurses' Health Study Cohorts.

Objective: We assessed ultraprocessed food (UPF) intake and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) incidence within the prospective Nurses' Health Study (NHS) cohorts.

Methods: A total of 204,175 women were observed (NHS 1984-2016; NHSII 1991-2017). Semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires were completed every two to four years.

Reporting completeness of nutrition and diet-related randomised controlled trials protocols.

Background And Aims: There is a need to consolidate reporting guidance for nutrition randomised controlled trial (RCT) protocols. The reporting completeness in nutrition RCT protocols and study characteristics associated with adherence to SPIRIT and TIDieR reporting guidelines are unknown. We, therefore, assessed reporting completeness and its potential predictors in a random sample of published nutrition and diet-related RCT protocols.

Ultraprocessed foods, unprocessed or minimally processed foods, and risk of frailty in a cohort of United States females.

Background: Ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) and poor diet quality have been associated with frailty but existing studies had relatively short follow-up time. It is also unclear whether the association of UPF was primarily due to its correlation with poorer diet quality.

Objectives: We examined the association between unprocessed or minimally processed foods (UMFs) and UPF and risk of frailty and explored whether the association with UPF was mainly driven by poor diet quality.

Association of ultra-processed food consumption with all cause and cause specific mortality: population based cohort study.

Objective: To examine the association of ultra-processed food consumption with all cause mortality and cause specific mortality.

Design: Population based cohort study.

Setting: Female registered nurses from 11 US states in the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2018) and male health professionals from all 50 US states in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2018).

Ultra-processed food consumption and mortality among patients with stages I-III colorectal cancer: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are emerging as a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), yet how post-diagnostic UPF intake may impact CRC prognosis remains unexplored.

Methods: Data collected from food frequency questionnaires were used to estimate intakes of total UPFs and UPF subgroups (serving/d) at least 6 months but less than 4 years post-diagnosis among 2498 patients diagnosed with stages I-III CRC within the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study during 1980-2016. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of all-cause, CRC- and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific mortality in association with UPF consumption were estimated using an inverse probability weighted multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model, adjusted for confounders.

The estimated dietary and health impact of implementing the recently approved 'high in' front-of-package nutrition symbol in Canada: a food substitution scenario modeling study.

Background: Front-of-pack labeling (FOPL) has been identified as a cost-effective policy to promote healthy food environments and to help consumers make healthier food choices. Consumer surveys report that after implementation of mandatory 'high in' FOPL symbols between 30 and 70% of consumers choose or were willing to choose products with fewer 'high in' symbols. Health Canada has recently published FOPL regulations that will require prepackaged food and beverages that meet or exceed thresholds for sodium, total sugars, or saturated fat to display a 'high in' FOPL nutrition symbol.

Modelling the impact of sodium intake on cardiovascular disease mortality in Mexico.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent the main cause of death in Mexico, while high blood pressure is suffered by about half of the adult population. Sodium intake is one of the main risk factors for these diseases. The Mexican adult population consumes about 3.

Estimating the dietary and health impact of implementing front-of-pack nutrition labeling in Canada: A macrosimulation modeling study.

Background: Front-of-pack labeling (FOPL) has been identified as a cost-effective policy to promote healthy diets. Health Canada has recently published FOPL regulations that will require food and beverages that meet or exceed set thresholds for sodium, sugars, or saturated fat to display a 'high in' symbol on the front of the package. Although a promising measure, its potential impact on dietary intakes and health have not yet been estimated in Canada.

Intakes of Unprocessed and Minimally Processed and Ultraprocessed Food Are Associated with Diet Quality in Female and Male Health Professionals in the United States: A Prospective Analysis.

Background: High unprocessed and minimally processed food (UMP) intake has been associated with high-quality diets, whereas the opposite has been shown for ultraprocessed food (UPF). Nevertheless, the association between UMP and UPF consumption and diet quality over the long-term warrants further examination.

Objective: This study aimed to assess whether UMP and UPF intake are associated with three diet-quality metrics in female and male health professionals from two US cohorts over 3 decades of follow-up.

Completeness of Reporting in Diet- and Nutrition-Related Randomized Controlled Trials and Systematic Reviews With Meta-Analysis: Protocol for 2 Independent Meta-Research Studies.

Background: Journal articles describing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews with meta-analysis of RCTs are not optimally reported and often miss crucial details. This poor reporting makes assessing these studies' risk of bias or reproducing their results difficult. However, the reporting quality of diet- and nutrition-related RCTs and meta-analyses has not been explored.

Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and T2D diabetes in the Eastern Caribbean.

Objective: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are implicated in the increasing risk of diabetes in the Caribbean. Few studies have examined associations between SSB consumption and diabetes in the Caribbean.

Design: SSB was measured as teaspoon/d using questions from the National Cancer Institute Dietary Screener Questionnaire about intake of soda, juice and coffee/tea during the past month.

Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Three Large Prospective U.S. Cohort Studies.

Objective: We examined the relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk among 3 large U.S. cohorts, conducted a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies, and assessed meta-evidence quality.