Regioselective Difluoroalkylation of 2-Pyridones with Fluoroalkyl Bromides Enabled by a Nickel(II) Catalyst.

Regioselective C-H difluoroalkylation of diverse 2-pyridones with ethyl bromodifluoroacetates and bromodifluoroacetamides is accomplished by using a (dppf)NiCl catalyst under mild conditions. This efficient protocol could deliver a variety of C-3 difluoroalkylated pyridones with the tolerance of a range of highly susceptible functionalities, such as -Cl, -Br, -I, -COMe, -CN, -NMe and -NO, including heteroarenes like pyridinyl, furanyl, thiophenyl and carbazolyl moieties. A preliminary mechanistic study suggests the radical pathway for the reaction involving fluoroalkyl radical intermediate.

Performance Optimization of a Large Geometry High Resolution-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer (HR-SIMS) for High Precision Measurements of Oxygen Isotopic Composition (δO) and U-Pb Geochronology in Zircon.

A large geometry high resolution secondary ion mass spectrometer (HR-SIMS) has been established as a part of the National Geochronology Facility (NGF) at Inter-University Accelerator Centre (IUAC), New Delhi. The performance of the instrument related to high spatial resolution, high mass resolving power (MRP), sensitivity of the instrument to measure low abundant isotopes, and sensitivity of the instrument for Pb signal under different conditions are optimized and presented in this paper. We report the precision of the order of ~ 0.

Leveraging nanomaterials for ultrasensitive biosensors in early cancer detection: a review.

Cancer remains a major global health challenge with a high mortality rate, as evidenced by the rise in new cases every year. Conventional diagnostic methods like PET scans, MRIs, and biopsies, despite being widely used, suffer from significant drawbacks such as high radiation exposure, difficulty in distinguishing malignant from benign tumors, and invasiveness. Early detection, which is crucial for improving treatment outcomes and survival rates, is hindered by the asymptomatic nature of early-stage cancer and the limitations of current diagnostic tools.

Clinical and Biochemical Profiles of Hospitalized Patients with Hypercalcaemia from a Tertiary Care Centre in North India.

The profile of hypercalcaemia in hospitalized patients in India seems to be changing. However, studies evaluating the profile of hypercalcaemia in hospitalized settings in India are extremely limited. This prospective study aims to evaluate the clinical and biochemical profile of hospitalized patients with hypercalcaemia from a tertiary care centre in north India.

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy as an adjunct to pain management during dental extraction in children - a randomized control trial.

Background: Dental treatment is challenging for children experiencing pain and anxiety. Effective administration of local anesthesia (LA) is crucial for most pediatric dentistry treatments. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy has emerged primarily to manage post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and a wide variety of anxiety- and pain-related conditions.

Oral health status and oral health-related quality of life among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the age group of 11-14 years in Delhi-NCR Region.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of oral health status (OHS) and sociodemographic indicators on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) aged 11-14 years and compare it with age-matched nondiabetic children.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study included 80 children aged between 11 and 14 years with T1DM and 80 age-matched nondiabetic children. The OHRQoL was measured using a validated structured Hindi version of the child perception questionnaire (CPQ11-14) questionnaire.

Unveiling the impact of dyes on aquatic ecosystems through zebrafish - A comprehensive review.

Dye industry plays an essential role in industrial development, contributing significantly to economic growth and progress. However, its rapid expansion has led to significant environmental concerns, especially water pollution and ecosystem degradation due to the discharge of untreated or inadequately treated dye effluents. The effluents introduce various harmful chemicals altering water quality, depleting oxygen levels, harming aquatic organisms, and disrupting food chains.

A Rare Case of Shprintzen-Goldberg craniosynostosis syndrome with Hirschsprung disorder: Dental characteristics and its Clinical Management.

Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (SGS) is an autosomal dominant syndrome caused by de novo gene mutations. It is characterized by a number of congenital defects such as craniofacial, skeletal, neurological, and connective tissue abnormalities. It is characterized by craniosynostosis and marfanoid features.

Safety and tolerability of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in children and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been evaluated in children with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and several other nondiabetic conditions. Potential tolerability issues have prevented the routine use of SGLT2i in children with diabetes. However, no meta-analysis to date has evaluated the safety and tolerability of SGLT2i in children.

Management of anxiety using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy in children undergoing extraction: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Background: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy has been reported to be very efficacious for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other anxiety-related conditions. However, a review of the literature reveals the sparse use of this therapy in the field of pediatric dentistry. This study aimed to evaluate anxiety trends in pediatric dental patients during local anesthesia and extraction with and without EMDR therapy.

HPTLC based quantification of β-sitosterol from the leaves of and prediction of potential drug targeted towards cancer therapy.

() is a plant of enormous medicinal importance and each part of the plant retained extensive medicinal properties, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities, etc. Phytosterols are secondary metabolites of plants that are well-known for their ability to reduce cholesterol, boost immunity and inhibit the formation of cancer cells. In this study, β-sitosterol, which boosts antioxidant enzymes and reduces oxidative stress, was qualitatively and quantitatively identified in the methanolic extract of the plant's leaves using the HPTLC.

Geriatric Goalposts: Of Independence And Interdependence.

Our elder population has a unique set of needs and necessities, challenges and concerns. This reflects in the approach of geriatric medicine, which aims to ensure functional freedom and independence, as well as healthy ageing, of older citizens. We propose another, higher, aim of geriatric medicine: that is interdependence.

Topical Esmolol Hydrochloride as a Novel Treatment Modality for Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Preclinical and phase 1/2 studies with esmolol hydrochloride suggest its potential role in treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).

Objective: To study the efficacy of topical esmolol for healing of uninfected DFUs.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A randomized, double-blind, multicenter, phase 3 clinical trial was conducted from December 26, 2018, to August 19, 2020, at 27 referral centers across India.

Cellular Distribution of Secreted Phospholipase A2 in Lungs of IPF Patients and Its Inhibition in Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease with a very poor prognosis as it has a 2.5 to 5 years mean survival after proper diagnosis. Even nintedanib and pirfenidone cannot halt the progression, though they slow the progression of IPF.

Demographic comparison of the first, second and third waves of COVID-19 in a tertiary care hospital at Jaipur, India.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in India demonstrated three peaks in India, with differences in presentation and outcome in all the three waves. The aim of the paper was to assess differences in the epidemiological, clinical features and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 presenting at a tertiary care hospital in the three waves at Jaipur, India.

Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital at Jaipur, India.

Efficacy and safety of novel dual glucokinase activator dorzagliatin in type-2 diabetes A meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Glucokinase has a critical role in regulating glucose homeostasis in humans, and has been a target for diabetes drug development since 1990s. Dorzagliatin is a novel allosteric dual glucokinase activator targeting both pancreatic and hepatic glucokinase. No meta-analysis has analysed the efficacy and safety of dorzagliatin in type-2 diabetes (T2DM).

An Study to Compare the Release of Fluoride from Glass Ionomer Cement (Fuji IX) and Zirconomer.

Unlabelled: Mercury toxicity from amalgam dental fillings and their potential for creating problems in the environment and for human health have prompted the development of new restorative materials. The leading alternatives among these are glass ionomer cements. According to current understanding, restorative materials that slowly release fluoride exert a local cariostatic effect.

Clinical practice recommendations for the detection and management of hyperglycemia in pregnancy from South Asia, Africa and Mexico during COVID-19 pandemic.

The human coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected overall healthcare delivery, including prenatal, antenatal and postnatal care. Hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) is the most common medical condition encountered during pregnancy. There is little guidance for primary care physicians for providing delivery of optimal perinatal care while minimizing the risk of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women.

Comparative Evaluation of Marginal Integrity of Three Esthetic Restorative Materials - An Study.

Context: Microleakage is the major cause for the failure of dental restorations, especially in Class V cavities, as margins of such restorations are generally located in dentin or cementum. Microleakage evaluation is necessary as a means of evaluation of the marginal integrity of restorative materials. This would assist in developing techniques and materials that would reduce damage caused by the failure of the restorative marginal seal.

Expert opinion on the preoperative medical optimization of adults with diabetes undergoing metabolic surgery.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity are interrelated in a complex manner, and their coexistence predisposes patients to a plethora of medical problems. Metabolic surgery has evolved as a promising therapeutic option for both conditions. It is recommended that patients, particularly those of Asian origin, maintain a lower body mass index threshold in the presence of uncontrolled DM.

CARASIL - A Review of Patients from India.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a well-known cause of vascular dementia. Though a majority of these cases are sporadic, familial monogenic causes are being frequently identified as well. Cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL) is a rare autosomal recessive CSVD, caused by mutation in HTRA 1 gene on chromosome 10q (10q25.

Efficacy and safety of novel sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor remogliflozin in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: No meta-analysis has analysed efficacy and safety of remogliflozin. We undertook this meta-analysis to address this gap in knowledge METHODS: Electronic databases were searched for RCTs involving diabetes patients receiving remogliflozin as compared to controls. Primary outcome was to evaluate changes in HbA1c.

Uncommon Presentation of Rasmussen's Encephalitis.

Rasmussen's encephalopathy (RE) is an uncommon neurological disease of inflammatory origin which is characterized by intractable focal epilepsy, progressive limb weakness, and cognitive deterioration. RE presenting as movement disorder like hemidystonia or hemichorea is a rare occurrence. The duration of prodromal stage of RE is usually in weeks or months.