Distichiasis and dysplastic eyelashes in trachomatous trichiasis cases in Oman: a case series.

The study was a prospective evaluation of the prevalence of distichiasis and/or dysplastic eyelashes among trachomatous trichiasis cases at the oculoplasty unit of a hospital in Oman over 3 months in 2000. An oculoplasty surgeon examined and photographed cases using a bio-microscope. Out of 80 cases, 58 (72.

Determinants of myopia among Omani school children: a case-control study.

Background: Our aim was to determine risk factors for myopia in students of 10th grade of eight regions of Oman.

Methods: This was a case control study. Students of 10th grade with and without myopia were cases and controls respectively.

Visual disabilities among diabetics in Oman.

Objective: The magnitude, determinants of visual impairment, bilateral blindness and low vision among diabetics in Oman were estimated as part of Oman Diabetic Eye Study 2002. This study presents the outcomes and additional risk of visual impairment in diabetics.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 2,520 randomly selected diabetics was conducted in 2002 in 10 regions of Oman.

The prevalence and causes of hearing impairment in Oman: a community-based cross-sectional study.

A community-based nationwide survey for hearing loss was conducted in Oman in 1996-97. Audiometric tests and ear examinations were conducted for 12,400 persons in phase I. For children aged less than 4 years, subjective screening tests were used.

Coverage of cataract surgery per person and per eye: review of a community-based blindness survey in Oman.

Background And Objective: The data from a national survey of blindness and common eye diseases in Oman in 1996 were reviewed. The objective was to compare the calculation of cataract surgery services coverage on a per eye and per person basis. The advantages and limitations of both methods of program management are evaluated.

Magnitude and determinants of refractive error in Omani school children.

Objective: To estimate the magnitude and determinants of refractive error in school children, a study was undertaken to review the school screening and refraction data.

Methods: Trained physicians screened 416,157 students to evaluate their visual status and identified 28,765 students with defective vision. Refractionists refracted 25,733 (89.

Cataract prevalence, cataract surgical coverage and its contribution to the reduction of visual disability in Oman.

Aim: To estimate the magnitude and determinants of cataract prevalence and cataract surgical coverage and to evaluate their role in visual disability in Oman.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 11,413 subjects in Oman in 1997. The presence and stage of cataract was noted on the basis of the history and an examination.

A 12-year epidemiological review of retinoblastoma in Omani children.

Aim: To describe the epidemiology of retinoblastoma (RB) in Omani children.

Method: The National Cancer Registry, hospital records, and treatment abroad registers were reviewed to identify the characteristics of Omani children diagnosed with RB between 1990 and 2002.

Results: Twenty-nine children (12 male and 17 female) were diagnosed with RB.

Low birth weight as a determinant of protein energy malnutrition in "0-5 years" Omani children of South Batinah region, Oman.

Objective: To determine the risk factors of protein energy malnourishment (PEM) among 0-5 year old children in South Batinah region, Oman.

Methods: at are maintained at the primary health institutions of the study area. This case control study was conducted between March 2003 and May 2003.

One year recurrence of trachomatous trichiasis in routinely operated Cuenod Nataf procedure cases in Vietnam.

Background: Recurrence of trichiasis following surgery remains unacceptably high, regardless of the surgical procedure. Few prospective studies of sufficient size are available to assess the rate of recurrence and the factors contributing to recurrence. A prospective study of the modified Cuenod Nataf surgical procedure was conducted in Vietnam to determine recurrence and co-factors.

Double disability: the hearing-impaired blind in the Sultanate of Oman.

A survey to estimate the magnitude and causes of blindness and hearing loss was undertaken in Oman in 1996-97. An analysis correlating blindness with hearing loss is presented. Twenty-eight subjects among 11,400 examined had double disability, with a prevalence rate of 2.

An epidemiological and clinical study of ocular manifestations of congenital rubella syndrome in Omani children.

Objective: To conduct a follow-up study in patients with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in Oman and analyze the prevalence of ophthalmic disorders and associated systemic problems.

Methods: This historical prospective cohort study included review of 32 surviving patients with CRS reported by the surveillance system in Oman from 1987 through 2002. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination that included visual acuity estimation, refraction and anterior and posterior segment evaluation, and intraocular pressure measurement.

Glaucoma among Omani diabetic patients: a cross-sectional descriptive study: (Oman diabetic eye study 2002).

Purpose/methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to review the ocular status of 2,063 diabetic patients in Oman. A part of this study is presented to highlight the magnitude and determinants of glaucoma. The study also recommends policies for comprehensive care of glaucoma among diabetic patients.

Knowledge and practice related to trachoma among children in Vietnam: a cross-sectional study.

A cross-sectional descriptive survey to determine the magnitude and determinants of knowledge and practice in relation to trachoma among children in Vietnam is presented. Interviews were conducted with 358 children ages 6 to 15 years in three districts of Northern Vietnam using a closed-ended questionnaire. Responses related to causes, prevention methods, consequences, and observed preventive practices were standardized.

Diabetic retinopathy in Oman: a hospital based study.

The magnitude of diabetic retinopathy, its determinants, and coverage of laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy among registered people with diabetes in Oman are presented. 2249 randomly selected subjects representing 5564 registered diabetics were examined. WHO recommended definitions of diabetes, retinopathy, and other related conditions were used.

Magnitude and determinants of exodontia in South Batinah region of Oman: A cross sectional study.

Objectives: To estimate the magnitude, determinants and causes of exodontia presented at all the three dental units of South Batinah region of Oman.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study of 8,963 samples representing dental cases reported at the three dental units for 12 weeks in year 2000. The information on patients undergoing exodontia and its indications were collected from their case files.

Low vision and blindness in adults in Gurage Zone, central Ethiopia.

Aim: To determine the magnitude and causes of low vision and blindness in the Gurage zone, central Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross sectional study using a multistage cluster sampling technique was used to identify the study subjects. Visual acuity was recorded for all adults 40 years and older.

The prevalence and causes of blindness in the Sultanate of Oman: the Oman Eye Study (OES).

Aims: To estimate the magnitude and the causes of blindness through a community based nationwide survey in Oman. This was conducted in 1996-7.

Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling procedure was used to select 12 400 people.

Compliance of spectacle wear and its determinants among schoolchildren of Dhakhiliya region of Oman: A descriptive study.

Objective: To determine the degree of compliance of spectacle wear and some of its determinants among school children of Dhakhiliya region of Oman.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of a sample of 663 students who had been prescribed spectacles for constant wear. After one year, experienced field staff conducted a follow-up visit where 571 of these students were examined.

Recurrence of trichiasis: a long-term follow-up study in the Sultanate of Oman.

Background: The prevalence of long-term trichiasis recurrence following tarsal rotation and electro-epilation procedures has not been determined. A non-concurrent prospective study of surgical cases of trichiasis was therefore undertaken in Oman.

Methods: A sample of 603 surgical cases of trichiasis (approximately half tarsal rotation and half electro-epilation) was followed for an average of 3.

Assessment of Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn exposures of 6- to 10-year-old children in Mumbai.

Population exposures to toxic trace metals are of great concern due to their nonbiodegradable nature and long biological half-lives for elimination from the body. Response to a toxic metal varies with age group; children are more sensitive and hence more at risk than others. The present study was therefore undertaken on 6- to 10-year-old children residing in various localities of Greater Mumbai and Thane.

Retention times of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in children's blood.

Retention times of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in blood of 6- to 10-year-old children are estimated by measurements of levels of these metals in air particulate, duplicate diet and blood of 19 children residing in different locations in Mumbai (previously, Bombay) city. Retention times of 20.3, 9.

Cadmium and hypertension.

Hypertension is a very common and important disease of modern civilised life. There are comflicting reports about cadmium, a trace element in the genesis of essential hypertension. The present study was conducted to estimate the cadmium levels in whole blood in the normal group of thirty subjects who were normotensive and the same was compared to that of thirty hypertensive patients and the levels were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.

Sources of lead exposure in urban slum school children.

A school based study was undertaken to trace various sources of lead exposure in urban slum children. Two cases with elevated venous blood lead (PbB) levels were detected and confirmed in 100 consecutive Bombay school children, referred to a hospital school clinic for clinical pallor. A common source of lead exposure in one suburb, was implied by the significantly higher PbB levels here.