Interleukin-17 induces AP-1 activity and cellular transformation via upregulation of tumor progression locus 2 activity.

Inflammatory conditions elicited by extrinsic environmental factors promote malignant transformation, tumor growth and metastasis. Although the role of T cells in cancer promotion has been examined, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms of interleukin-17 A (IL-17A), a proinflammatory cytokine produced by activated CD4(+) memory T cells, in carcinogenesis. Here, we report that IL-17A induces neoplastic transformation of JB6 Cl41 cells through activation of tumor progression locus 2 (TPL2).

Intrauterine growth curves for singleton live babies in Paropakar Maternity and Women's Hospital in Nepal.

Background: To construct birth weight, crown heel length and head circumference centile chart referenced to gestational age for Nepalese infants.

Methods: The study was conducted over a period of six months. It included consecutive live births from 28 to 42 weeks of gestation.

Percutaneous K wire fixation of fifth metacarpal neck fracture--new and simple technique.

Background: Isolated fractures of metacarpals and phalanges are the commonest injuries affected upper extremity, which constitute about 10% of skeletal fractures in general. Fifth metacarpal (boxer's fractures) being the most common. The objective of this study was to investigate the outcome of treatment of the displaced neck and sub-capital fractures of the fifth metacarpal by percutaneous K wire fixation.

Pattern of poisoning cases in a hospital in a Terai district of central Nepal.

Poisoning is a major global health problem and is one of the major causes of hospitalization through emergency. The objective of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of poisoning cases admitted to emergency department over a one year period. A hospital based study was carried out in the emergency department, Mahendra Adarsha Chikitsalaya, Chitwan analyzing the data of the poisoning cases attended for one year duration by searching all the medical records.

The prolyl isomerase Pin1 interacts with and downregulates the activity of AMPK leading to induction of tumorigenicity of hepatocarcinoma cells.

Pin1 is a unique regulator that catalyzes the conversion of a specific phospho-Ser/Thr-Pro-containing motif in target proteins. Herein, we identified AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as a Pin1-binding protein. Pin1 wild-type, but not Pin1 mutant at serine 16 (S16A), associated with AMPK.

Status of intestinal parasitosis among hospital visiting patients in Deukhury Valley, Dang, Nepal.

Intestinal parasitosis is highly prevalent among the general population in Nepal. This study aimed to assess the status of intestinal parasitosis among patients attending Deukhury Community Hospital, Lamahi, Dang, situated in the mid western region of Nepal. A total of 210 stool samples examined by direct smear technique were reported.

Proyl isomerase Pin1 facilitates ubiquitin-mediated degradation of cyclin-dependent kinase 10 to induce tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells.

Endocrine therapies that inhibit estrogen receptor (ER)-α signaling are the most common and effective treatment for ER-α-positive breast cancer. However, the use of these agents is limited by the frequent development of resistance. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms by which downregulation of CDK10 expression confers resistance to tamoxifen in breast cancer.

Substance use among medical students in Kathmandu valley.

Introduction: Substance use including tobacco and alcohol is the most important cause of preventable morbidity, disability, and premature mortality. The study aims to specify the prevalence and the pattern of use of different substance.

Methods: A cross sectional study was performed amongst first year and final year students in four medical colleges in Kathmandu using self administered anonymous questionnaire.

Aglycon of rhizochalin from the Rhizochalina incrustata induces apoptosis via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in HT-29 colon cancer cells.

Rhizochalin is a two-headed sphingolipid-like compound isolated from the sponge Rhizochalina incrustata. It has been reported that rhizocalin and its derivates have a chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effect. However, the molecular mechanism of these effects is not understood.

5'-Nitro-indirubinoxime inhibits epidermal growth factor- and phorbol ester-induced AP-1 activity and cell transformation through inhibition of phosphorylation of Pin1.

5'-Nitro-indirubinoxime (5'-NIO), a derivative of indirubin, exhibits anti-cancer activity in a variety of human cancer cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and molecular target(s) of the chemopreventive activities of 5'-NIO remain unknown. Here, we report that 5'-NIO inhibited the epidermal growth factor (EGF) or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced neoplastic cell transformation of JB6 Cl41 mouse skin epidermal cells without any cytotoxic effects.

p-HPEA-EDA, a phenolic compound of virgin olive oil, activates AMP-activated protein kinase to inhibit carcinogenesis.

Phenolic constituents of virgin olive oil are reported to have antitumor activity. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and specific target proteins of virgin olive oil remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that dialdehydic form of decarboxymethyl ligstroside aglycone (p-HPEA-EDA), a phenolic compound of virgin olive oil, inhibits tumor promoter-induced cell transformation in JB6 Cl41 cells and suppress cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumorigenicity by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in HT-29 cells.

The effect of cattle manure cultivation on moisture content and survival of Escherichia coli.

A new practice whereby wet slurry is added daily to the cattle manure bedding at the barn and cultivated has been developed in Israel. The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of manure cultivation on the persistence of Escherichia coli in a model system. A cow manure-derived E.

A virtual reality simulator for teaching and evaluating dental procedures.

Objectives: We present a dental training system with a haptic interface that allows dental students or experts to practice dental procedures in a virtual environment. The simulator is able to monitor and classify the performance of an operator into novice or expert categories. The intelligent training module allows a student to simultaneously and proactively follow the correct dental procedures demonstrated by an intelligent tutor.

The prolyl isomerase Pin1 induces LC-3 expression and mediates tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer.

Endocrine therapies, which inhibit estrogen receptor signaling, are the most common and effective treatments for estrogen receptoralpha-positive breast cancer. However, the utility of these agents is limited by the frequent development of resistance, and the precise mechanisms underlying endocrine therapy resistance remain incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 is an important determinant of resistance to tamoxifen and show that Pin1 increases E2F-4- and Egr-1-driven expression of LC-3 as a result of an increased interaction with and phosphorylation of MEK1/2.

The prolyl isomerase Pin1 enhances HER-2 expression and cellular transformation via its interaction with mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 1.

The HER-2 oncogene, a member of the erythroblastosis oncogene B (ERBB)-like oncogene family, has been shown to be amplified in many types of cancer, including breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of HER-2 overexpression is not completely understood. The phosphorylation of proteins on the serine or threonine residues that immediately precede proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) is specifically catalyzed by the prolyl isomerase Pin1 and is a key signaling mechanism in cell proliferation and transformation.

24-hydroxyursolic acid from the leaves of the Diospyros kaki (Persimmon) induces apoptosis by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase.

There are multiple lines of evidence that persimmon extract and its constituents have potent antitumor activity against human cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms of 24-hydroxyursolic acid, a triterpenoid found in persimmon, on antitumor activities are not yet understood. Here, we demonstrate that 24-hydroxyursolic acid inhibited cell proliferation, strongly activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mediated critical anticancer effects by inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) expression in HT-29 cells.

Tpl-2 kinase downregulates the activity of p53 and enhances signaling pathways leading to activation of activator protein 1 induced by EGF.

Tumor progression locus-2 (Tpl-2) kinase is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase family that has been implicated in cellular transformation. The enhanced expression of this protein has been shown to activate both the mitogen-activated protein kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the oncogenic potential of Tpl-2 are still largely unknown.