Improvement in Cystoid Macular Edema Secondary to Systemic Bevacizumab in a Patient With Coats Plus Syndrome.

To report a pediatric case of Coats plus syndrome that initially presented resembling familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR). A single case was analyzed. A pediatric patient was referred at 2 years of age to the retina clinic for exotropia and decreased visual acuity in the right eye and was found to have a dense vitreous hemorrhage.

TRENDING CULTURAL DRIVERS OF SMOKELESS TOBACCO: FOR RECENT REFUGEE AND IMMIGRANTS AS KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIOR DETERMINANTS: A SOUTH TEXAS ORAL HEALTH NETWORK COLLABORATIVE STUDY.

Objectives: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use is a phenomenon that is detrimental to the health of adults worldwide and dramatically impacts the health of resettled populations. The prevalence of SLT has exponentially grown as a public health threat for the refugee and immigrant populations and is worthy of addressing. This research study examined the SLT cultural drivers of the Texas immigrant and refugee community, which led to their knowledge, perception, awareness, and cessation practices.

Quantification of Color Variation of Various Esthetic Restorative Materials in Pediatric Dentistry.

Aim Of Study: The goal of this paper is to find an association between the staining capacity of dental restorations used in pediatric patients and food items and to develop an optimum model to predict the most informative factor that causes the highest amount of color change through machine learning algorithms.

Background: Color changes in restorative materials occur as a result of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as the type of restorative material, food items used, polished status of the material, and time interval.

Materials And Methods: This was an " study" conducted at Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Strategic investment and program effectiveness: a roadmap to ending AIDS in Bangladesh by 2030.

The journey towards ending AIDS epidemic in Bangladesh by 2030 is ambitious yet achievable. Although Bangladesh has always had a low rate of HIV among its general population, it remains one of seven countries in Asia and the Pacific where new HIV cases are rising. This study evaluates the effectiveness of HIV programmatic strategies and investment scenarios using the AIDS Epidemic Model (AEM) from 2023 to 2030, focusing on optimizing resource allocation and interventions.

Full title- acceptability and feasibility of HIV self-testing (HIVST) among MSM and transgender women () in Bangladesh: A mixed-method study.

Background: HIV testing coverage among males having sex with males (MSM) and transgender women (locally known as ) is low in Bangladesh. Oral fluid-based HIV self-testing (HIVST) may improve coverage due to its convenience and privacy but is yet to be tested in Bangladesh. Therefore, the acceptability and feasibility of supervised HIVST was examined.

Disseminated Melioidosis Presenting as Sepsis, Neurological Melioidosis, Liver and Prostate Abscess in United Arab Emirates.

Background: Melioidosis is an infection caused by , a Gram-negative bacterium. It is a disease endemic to Southeast Asia and northern Australia although its global incidence has been rising. It most commonly infects people with certain identified risk factors such as diabetes, alcoholism, thalassemia, and underlying chronic disease involving lungs, kidney and liver.

Association of Red Cell Distribution Width and Mean Platelet Volume With Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.

Background: The inner layer of the synovial joints is the primary target of rheumatoid arthritis, or RA, a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder that is linked to increasing disability, early mortality, and economic hardships. The objective is to determine the association of red cell distribution width (RDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV) with disease activity in RA.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between July 2021 and January 2022 in the outpatient rheumatology clinics at Gulab Devi Teaching Hospital.

Exploring the association between early childhood caries, malnutrition, and anemia by machine learning algorithm.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of early childhood caries in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and also the hierarchy of association if any with malnutrition, anemia, and other risk factors with ECC using machine learning algorithms.

Methods: A hospital-based preventive and interventional study was conducted on SAM children (age = 2 to <6 years) who were admitted to the malnutrition treatment unit (MTU). An oral examination for early childhood caries status was done using the deft index.

The dark side of being a pathologist: Unravelling the health hazards.

Background: Pathologists are indispensable to the practice of medicine. Awareness of health hazards among pathologists is a crucial aspect of today's time. Numerous occupational health risks are prevalent which are mostly ignored; for example, the association of microscope use for prolonged durations leading to the development of chronic pain syndromes has been acknowledged for nearly three decades, yet most pathologists are unaware about this hazard until after it transforms into a chronic health issue.

A systematic review of caries risk in children <6 years of age.

Background: For caries risk assessment (CRA) tools for young children to be evidence-based, it is important to systematically review the literature to identify factors associated with the onset of early childhood caries (ECC).

Aim: This updated systematic review aimed to identify current evidence on caries risk in young children.

Design: A comprehensive and systematic literature search of relevant databases was conducted to update a previous systematic review and identify risk factors associated with ECC.

Comparison of the Efficacy of Metformin and Lifestyle Modification for the Primary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

This meta-analysis aimed to compare the effectiveness of metformin versus lifestyle interventions in preventing diabetes in individuals with prediabetes. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and conducted a comprehensive search of databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE) up to September 1, 2023. Five eligible studies were included.

Analysis of Reapplicants to Ophthalmology Residency: Factors Associated with Successful Matching.

Background: Ophthalmology residency programs are highly competitive and each year there are many unmatched reapplicants who must make time-sensitive decisions on how to prepare for their reapplication. Our analysis of reapplication factors will be the first evidence-based guide to reapplying ophthalmology.

Objective: To determine the components of a reapplicants application that contribute and that do not contribute to ophthalmology residency match success.

Role of Parenting and Psychosocial Correlates Contributing to Social Anxiety in Asian Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

Background: The purpose of the study was to explore social anxiety in adolescents as well as associated factors, such as parenting styles, self-esteem, quality of life, emotional intelligence, and brain activity, in social anxiety.

Methods: A systematic review of articles related to social anxiety in adolescents, associated factors, and brain activity from 2012 to 2022 was performed. Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct were used as research gates to find the relevant articles.

Effectiveness of Audiovisual Distraction Technique and Filmed Modeling on Anxiety and Fear in Pediatric Dental Patients.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of the audiovisual distraction (AVD) technique and filmed modeling (FM) on anxiety and fear in pediatric dental patients.

Materials And Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 80 subjects of age-groups 5-8 years coming to the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry for their first dental visit. Study subjects were subjected to noninvasive restorative treatment under AVD in group I, FM in group II, and a combination of AVD and FM in groups III and IV (control 0).

Toxin-Antitoxin system of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Roles beyond stress sensor and growth regulator.

The advent of effective drug regimen and BCG vaccine has significantly decreased the rate of morbidity and mortality of TB. However, lengthy treatment and slower recovery rate, as well as reactivation of the disease with the emergence of multi-drug, extensively-drug, and totally-drug resistance strains, pose a serious concern. The complexities associated are due to the highly evolved and complex nature of the bacterium itself.

Spinal Myxopapillary Ependymoma: A Rare Case and Review of Management Strategies.

Intramedullary myxopapillary ependymomas are rare spinal cord tumors primarily affecting young adults. Grade 2 tumors are associated with a higher proliferative index and potentially more aggressive behavior compared to grade 1 tumors. We present a case of a 30-year-old male who presented with a three-month history of progressive unilateral lower back pain that was refractory to analgesics.

Readability and Suitability of Online Uveitis Patient Education Materials.

Purpose: This study assesses readability, suitability, and accountability of online uveitis patient education materials (PEMs).

Methods: Two uveitis specialists reviewed the top 10 websites on Google for keyword "uveitis," with a PubMed review control. Readability was assessed using an online calculator, suitability using the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) tool, and accountability using JAMA benchmarks.

Beneficial Impacts of Fenoldopam on Patients With or at Risk for Acute Renal Failure and Undergoing Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

This meta-analysis aims to determine the beneficial impacts of fenoldopam on patients with or at high risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) and undergoing surgery. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed while performing the present meta-analysis. Two investigators searched electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library, from inception until January 10, 2023, for relevant studies.

Efficacy and Safety of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors in Patients With Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): A Meta-analysis of Randomized Control Trials.

The current meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy and safety of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in individuals with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The current meta-analysis was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic search was conducted to identify all relevant studies related to the efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in individuals with diabetes and CKD.

Implementing evidence-based telephone coaching for health behavior program enrollment: A quality improvement project.

Introduction: This program evaluation describes the use of implementation facilitation to support uptake of a telephone-based engagement coaching intervention, ACTIVATE, using paraprofessional staff, to support health behavior program enrollment.

Method: The RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance) framework guided the formative evaluation. A mixed-methods approach was used to integrate qualitative (i.

An Unusual Association Between Metformin and Nightmares: A Case Report.

Metformin remains the oral drug of choice for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is an ideal anti-diabetic drug for maintaining good glycemic control in diabetics. However, the side effect profile of metformin varies from minor or no effects to substantial impact on the GI tract.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for ECC Among Preschool Children from India along with the Need of its Own CRA Tool- A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Caries in the deciduous dentition of children under six years of age is termed as early childhood caries (ECC). ECC is prevalent among Indian children and identifying modifiable risk factors is important for prevention. This systematic review was undertaken to describe the burden of ECC in India, its prevalence, associated risk factors along with its repercussions on childhood health.