Comparison between cycloplegic and noncycloplegic refraction in young adult myopes.

Significance: This study explores the difference between cycloplegic and noncycloplegic refraction in young adult myopes.

Purpose: From the available literature, it is unclear whether cycloplegia is necessary when refracting young adults. This study investigates the agreement between noncycloplegic autorefraction and cycloplegic autorefraction and investigates factors affecting the agreement between the two methods.

Mean Ocular Perfusion Pressure Effect During Pars Plana Vitrectomy on the Foveal Avascular Zone: A Pilot Study.

To evaluate the effect of mean ocular perfusion pressure on the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in eyes with successful retinal detachment (RD) surgery. This prospective pilot fellow eye-controlled study measured the intraoperative mean ocular perfusion pressure in eyes having surgery for rhegmatogenous RD (RRD). Postoperatively, the FAZ area was measured; the change was calculated as the difference in the FAZ area between the operated eye and the contralateral control eye.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of HDAC6 inhibitors targeting L1 loop and serine 531 residue.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones, leading to the silencing of genes. Targeting specific isoforms of HDACs has emerged as a promising approach for cancer therapy, as it can overcome drawbacks associated with pan-HDAC inhibitors. HDAC6 is a unique HDAC isoform that deacetylates non-histone proteins and is primarily located in the cytoplasm.

Exploring new histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors and their effects on reversing the α-tubulin deacetylation and cell morphology changes caused by methamphetamine.

Indazole-based HDAC6 inhibitors with novel zinc-binding modifications were synthesized and evaluated to determine their potential to inhibit HDAC6. The analogs were subjected to a histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme assay, which led to identification of compounds 3a and 3b. Both compounds demonstrated higher potency and selectivity as HDAC6 inhibitors with IC values of 9.

SPC-180002, a SIRT1/3 dual inhibitor, impairs mitochondrial function and redox homeostasis and represents an antitumor activity.

Since sirtuins (SIRTs) are closely associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant system, the development of their selective inhibitors is drawing attention for understanding of cellular redox homeostasis. Here, we describe the pharmacological properties of SPC-180002, which incorporates a methyl methacrylate group as a key pharmacophore, along with its comprehensive molecular mechanism as a novel dual inhibitor of SIRT1/3. The dual inhibition of SIRT1/3 by SPC-180002 disturbs redox homeostasis via ROS generation, which leads to an increase in both p21 protein stability and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Myopia Progression in Adults: A Retrospective Analysis.

Significance: Studies on adult myopia progression are limited. This retrospective analysis of a large data set of young adult myopes characterizes myopia progression during adulthood.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the mean annual progression of myopia and to estimate the proportion of progressors in adult myopes.

Suprachoroidal silicone oil migration following 27 gauge 3 ports pars plana vitrectomy - a rare complication and its management.

Suprachoroidal silicone oil migration is an unusual complication of small gauge 3 ports Pars plana vitrectomy (3PPV) system. Our objective is to report a retrospective, observational case of an intra-operative suprachoroidal silicone oil (SO) migration during 27 gauge 3PPV and its successful surgical management. A 49 years old male patient with type 2 diabetes, presented to the ophthalmology outpatient department with reduced visual acuity in his right eye.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of histone deacetylase inhibitor with novel salicylamide zinc binding group.

Introduction: Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have emerged as important therapeutic targets for various diseases, such as cancer and neurological disorders. Although a majority of HDAC inhibitors use hydroxamic acids as zinc binding groups, hydroxamic acid zinc-binding groups suffer from poor bioavailability and nonspecific metal-binding properties, necessitating a new zinc-binding group. Salicylic acid and its derivatives, well-known for their therapeutic value, have also been reported to chelate zinc ions in a bidentate fashion.

Ophthalmological Aspects of von-Hippel-Lindau Syndrome.

von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is a multisystem neoplastic disorder involving eyes, central nervous system, kidneys, spine, and other tissues. A retinal capillary hemangioma (RCH) is the earliest manifestation of the VHL disease in most cases.This paper aims to provide an up-to-date review of the current literature about von Hippel-Lindau syndrome.

A Novel Method of Quantifying the Choriocapillaris in Normal and Post-inflammatory Eyes.

Objective: To assess the reliability and validity of gray level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) in the quantification of choriocapillaris and describe GLCM features in normal and eyes with resolved acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) and serpiginous choroiditis (SC).

Methods: In this, multicenter, reliability, validity and comparative study; OCTA was performed on eyes with resolved APMPPE and SC and normal individuals. CC texture classification, low flow area measurements and GLCM feature extraction were performed.

Prepapillary vascular loop-a new classification.

Background/objectives: To analyze the ophthalmic characteristics of congenital prepapillary vascular loop (PVL) and to propose a new morphologic classification dividing the loops into six types.

Subjects/methods: Collaborative multinational multicentre retrospective study of PVL cases.

Results: There was a total of 49 cases (61 eyes), 37 unilateral (75.

Textural Properties of Choriocapillaris on OCTA in Healed Inflammatory Choriocapillaropathies.

Background And Objective: To evaluate the flow characteristics and textural properties of choriocapillaris (CC) on optical coherence tomography angiography in eyes with resolved inflammatory choriocapillaropathies and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease.

Patients And Methods: A cohort of eyes with healed acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE), serpiginous choroiditis (SC), and VKH disease were included. A 3 mm × 3 mm OCT angiogram of CC was acquired and graded for flow characteristics and textural properties.

Simvastatin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for enhanced anti-hyperlipidemic activity in hyperlipidemia animal model.

The objective of current study was to develop solid lipid nanoparticles-loaded with simvastatin (SIM-SLNs) and investigate their in vivo anti-hyperlipidemic activity in poloxamer-induced hyperlipidemia model. Nano-template engineering technique was used to prepare SIM-SLNs with palmityl alcohol as lipid core and a mixture of Tween 40/Span 40/Myrj 52 to stabilize the core. The prepared SIM-SLNs were evaluated for physicochemical parameters including particle diameter, surface charge, morphology, incorporation efficiency, thermal behaviour and crystallinity.

Enhanced dissolution of valsartan-vanillin binary co-amorphous system loaded in mesoporous silica particles.

The study was aimed to prepare a co-amorphous system of valsartan (VAL) with vanillin (VAN) for improving its solubility and dissolution followed by its confinement in mesoporous silica particles (MSPs) to stabilise the co-amorphous system and prevent its recrystallization. Amorphous VAL and VAN were obtained through quench-cooling and VAL/VAN binary co-amorphous system (VAL/VAN-CAS) was prepared through solvent evaporation technique. The particle size and morphology of VAL/VAN-CAS-MSPs were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and solid-state characterisation was performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD).

Multimodal Imaging of Serpiginous Choroiditis.

Purpose: To report a case of atypical serpiginous choroiditis with previously unreported findings on optical coherence tomographic angiography.

Case Report: A 35-year-old otherwise healthy man had a 1-week history of vision loss in his right eye. The visual acuity in right eye was counting fingers at 1 meter.

Atypical Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy.

Purpose: To report a case of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) with atypical features.

Case Report: A 30-year-old otherwise healthy woman presented with a 7-day history of visual disturbance in her left eye. The best corrected visual acuity in her left eye was 6/36.