[Application of alpha-tocopherol acetate prevents swelling of brain slices during the autoblood clot action].

The swelling of olfactory cortex slices of the hypertensive SHR rats under the long autoblood action have been studied. The influence of a preincubation of slices with vitamins E, C and D on a degree of swelling have been detected by their weighing before and after exposure to autoblood. The water-soluble form of vitamin E have exerted a substantial antiswelling action exceeding the same of vitamin D, whereas vitamin C had no any effect.

[Edema in nervous tissue studied on model of hemorrhagic stroke in vitro].

The development of edema in the survival olfactory cortex slices under the long-term action of autoblood has been studied by monitoring the bioelectric activity of nervous cells. The level of disorder in electrogenesis of cells was revealed by comparing the focal potentials with their control values; the degree of the nervous tissue swelling in various periods of autoblood action was determined by weighing. In the model of hemorrhagic stroke, the dependence of edema growth on the level of activity of ionotropic glutamate receptors has been determined using the pharmacological blockade technique.

[Protective and antiedema effect of heat shock HSP70 protein in hemorrhagic stroke model in vitro].

An in vitro model of hemorrhagic stroke in live olfactory cortex slices under long-term influence of autoblood has been used and the development of edema in the samples has been studied with simultaneous monitoring of bioelectric activity of the nervous cells. Protection of the nervous cells in the olfactory cortex slices of the spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats from consequences of the hemorrhagic stroke was achieved by incubating brain slices for 20 min in glass vials with 1 ml of incubation solution containing heat shock protein HSP70 at a concentration of 10 mg/ml. Then the incubation medium was replaced by 3 ml of autoblood, the action of which on the nervous cells modeled the hemorrhagic stroke.

[Effect of heparin on the neuron bioelectric activity in a hemorrhagic stroke model in vitro].

The effect of heparin on the activity of cerebral neurons under conditions of hemorrhagic stroke model was studied in vitro using brain slices of hypertensive rats. The auto-blood induced blocking of the parameters of focal potentials in neurons. The treatment with heparin (25 IU/ml) prior to the auto-blood action prevented inhibition of the activity of ionotropic glutamatergic and GABAergic receptors.

Neuroprotective properties of l-carnosine in the brain slices exposed to autoblood in the hemorrhagic stroke model in vitro.

Neuroprotective properties of L-carnosine have been studied in our in vitro model on olfactory cortex slices of hypertensive rats under a long autoblood (blood clot) influence. Application of L-carnosine (5 mg/ml) on slices before autoblood influence leads to restoration of the activity of glutamatergic and GABA-ergic receptors inhibited in the presence of autoblood and interferes with swelling of slices. L-carnosine protects a bioelectric activity of nervous cells in case of long influence of autoblood and also renders an anti edema effect.

[Protective properties of L-carnosine studied in vitro on a hemorrhagic stroke model].

The protective properties of L-carnosine have been studied in vitro on a model of hemorrhagic stroke developed on survival olfactory cortex slices of hypertensive rats after long-term exposure to autoblood. The preliminary application of L-carnosine in a concentration of 5 mg/ml regenerates an activity of glutamatergic and GABAergic components of focal potentials inhibited by autoblood and prevents tissue swelling. L-carnosine protects the bioelectrical activity of nerve cells after their long-term exposure to autoblood and produces an antiedematic effect.

Effects of corticoliberin on synaptic transmission in rat olfactory cortex slices in a water immersion model of depression.

Corticoliberin (corticotrophin-releasing factor, CRF, CRH) is an active regulator of endocrine, autonomic, and immune functions in stress, as well as a mediator of anxiety, determining the behavioral stress response. The present report describes studies of its action on neuron activity evoked by microstimulation of olfactory cortex slices. Behavioral testing in a T maze was used to select individuals with a passive behavioral strategy from a population of Wistar rats, and the animals were subjected to water immersion.

Effects of long-term exposure of nerve cells to autoblood in in vitro model of hemorrhagic stroke.

Changes in bioelectrical activity of nerve cells after their long-term exposure to autoblood were studied in vitro on cultured brain slices. This model simulated the events characteristic of a hemorrhagic stroke. Brain slice was placed into a glass vial with autoblood for 60-420 min, after which the slice was transferred into a perfusion chamber and after washing from autoblood their focal potentials were recorded.

Electrophysiological characteristics of depressive states in rats with passive strategies of adaptive behavior.

The behavior of rats in a T-maze was used to select individuals with a passive strategy of adaptive behavior from a population of Wistar rats. These animals were subjected to water immersion and olfactory cortex slices were prepared from the brain 10 days later and used for recording of evoked focal potentials and the effects of tetanic stimulation. Postsynaptic potentials, of both the AMPA and NMDA types, were initially of decreased amplitude in passive rats.

Neurotropic effect of exogenous L-carnosine in cultured slices of the olfactory cortex from rat brain.

Incubation of cultured slices of the olfactory cortex from rat brain with L-carnosine in concentrations of 50, 250, and 500 M induced activation of glutamatergic and GABAB-ergic mechanisms and facilitated long-term posttetanic potentiation. The effect of L-carnosine is mediated by its effect on AMPA- and NMDA-related glutamatergic receptors and on inhibitory GABAB receptors.

[Development of edema in nervous tissue in the model of hemorrhagic stroke in vitro].

The development of edema in the surviving olfactory cortex slices by the control of bioelectric activity of neurons under the long-term influence of autoblood has been studied. The level of disturbance of neuronal activity was revealed by comparing focal potentials with their control values; the degree of tissue swelling was detected by their weighting before and at various time-points after exposure to autoblood. The use of this model of hemorrhagic stroke and pharmacological blockade of glutamate receptors allowed to find the correlation between the degree of edema in nervous tissue and the level of activity of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors.

[Hemorrhagic stroke: molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and perspective therapeutic targets].

Key mechanisms of an induction and development of a hemorrhage insult are considered in the review. Action of the whole hemoglobin, products of blood destruction, and also the effects caused by nitric oxide are analyzed. The special attention is given to processes of a blood-brain barrier disruption, a water homeostasis and to development of a brain edema.

[Electrophysiological characteristics of depressive conditions with passive strategy of the adaptive behavior in rats].

Wistar rats strain with passive strategy of the adaptive behavior were selected in T-maze labyrinth. The rats were exposed to water-immerssions stress and after 10 days from their brain the olfactory cortex slices were prepared. The evoked focal potentials were registered in slices.

[Modeling of hemorrhage stroke in vitro].

A method of modeling of hemorrhage stroke suggested in the study includes the application of the autoblood on the surviving brain slices for 25-40 min followed by their washing. The parameters of evoked bioelectrical activity (focal potentials) of the slices are registered. The extent of nervous cells injury is established by comparing the focal potentials parameters in the control and during the blood application.

[Analysis of function of the glutamatergic and GABAergic mediator systems in the olfactory cortex of spontaneously hipertensive rats in vitro].

The effect of persistent hypertension on neuronal activity and synaptic transmission has been studied on olfactory cortex slices of SHR rats. The profilies of focal potentials in hypertensive rats demonstrated a short duration of the 2-amino-3-(5-methyl-3-hydroxyisoxazol-4-yl)-propanoic acid (AMPA) component of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP), a small amplitude and long duration of the N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) component of EPSP, and a large amplitude of the GABAB-dependent slow inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. The sensitivity of glutamate receptors responsible for the generation of AMPA- and NMDA-mediated EPSPs was low after the exposure to 1 mM L-glutamate.