Features of Interferon Status and Methods of Its Correction in the Treatment of Patients with Atypical Chronic Active Herpesvirus Infections.

It is known that the imbalance of the IFN system is the cornerstone of the immunopathogenesis of atypical chronic active herpesvirus infections and is often associated not only with congenital, genetically determined defects, but also with acquired system dysregulation at different levels: receptor, molecular, at the level of a nuclear transducer of signal transmission. Based on the studied features of immunopathogenesis and the revealed disturbances in the antiviral immune defense system and the IFN system in patients with atypical chronic herpes viral infections, an integration program for correcting IFN status was developed, its clinical and immunological effectiveness was evaluated. Improved effectiveness of complex rehabilitation of immunocompromised patients with atypical chronic active herpes viral infections was demonstrated.

Antibody-Dependent Enhancement with a Focus on SARS-CoV-2 and Anti-Glycan Antibodies.

Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a phenomenon where virus-specific antibodies paradoxically cause enhanced viral replication and/or excessive immune responses, leading to infection exacerbation, tissue damage, and multiple organ failure. ADE has been observed in many viral infections and is supposed to complicate the course of COVID-19. However, the evidence is insufficient.

Akkermansia muciniphila and host interaction within the intestinal tract.

In the modern world, metabolic syndrome is one of the major health problems. Heredity, overeating, and a sedentary lifestyle are believed to be the main predisposing factors for its development. However, recent data indicate that gut microbiota plays a significant role in metabolic profile formation.

Modern diagnostic capabilities of neonatal screening for primary immunodeficiencies in newborns.

Population screening of newborns is an extremely important and informative diagnostic approach that allows early identification of babies who are predisposed to the development of a number of serious diseases. Some of these diseases are known and have effective treatment methods. Neonatal screening enables the early diagnosis and subsequent timely initiation of therapy.

[EVALUATION OF DYNAMIC TELOMERE LENGTH SHORTENING OF LYMPHOCYTES IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY].

Nowadays it is common to observe the growth of viral-viral and viral-bacterial co-infections in children of different ages, due to dysfunction of lymphocytes (DL), which can be connected with the process of the accelerated shortening of the end structures of chromosomal telomeres, telomere length changes are described in lymphocytes of children with chronic mono-infections. The conducted study has shown the shortening of telomere lymphocytes in children with CDRT seropositive for mixed-herpes viral infections (herpes simplex virus, virus, Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus in various combinations) and for bacterial co-infections - Chlamydia trachomatis and (or) Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The use of regression analysis and attribute analysis (in percent) made possible to neutralize age-groups differences of seropositive and seronegative children.

[Morphological and functional characteristics of lymphokine-activated killer cells generated from the mononuclear cells of human peripheral blood].

The aim of this research was to study the morphological, functional and immunophenotypical characteristics of lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAKC) generated from the mononuclear cells (MNC) of healthy donors' peripheral blood at different time intervals after the cultivation with interleukin-2 (IL-2). LAKC had the appearance of large lymphoid cells of prolymphocyte and immunoblast type with highly pyroninophilic cytoplasm and electrone-microscopic features indicative of synthetic activity. LAKC were shown to intensely express activation antigens and adhesion molecules on their surface and to posess high cytotoxic potential in respect to tumor cells.

[Characterization of lymphokine-activated killer cells obtained from the natural killers--T cells of patients with hepatic tumor lesion].

To analyze the functions of lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAKC) and to study their phenotype are of paramount importance in the assessment of their role in antitumor immunity. The natural killers--hepatic T cells--have been shown to be used to prepare LAKS that have a higher cytotoxic activity than LAKS that are generalized from peripheral mononuclear cells.

[Morphological characteristics and immunophenotype of dendritic cells generated from monocytes of human peripheral blood].

Morphological features and immunophenotype of mature dendritic cells (DC) generated from the monocytes of healthy donor blood after culture with GM-CSF and IL-4 with the addition of TNF, were studied using light and electron microscopy, as well as flow-cytometry. It was shown that DC were characterized by a number of morphological features such as: large size, eccentrically located nucleus, highly developed system of extensions, large vacuolated cytoplasm, prominent and activated Golgi complex and ribosomal apparatus. Mature DC are characterized by active surface expression of MHC and co-stimulatory molecules (MHC I, MHC II, CD40, CD80, CD86).

[Concepts of adoptive immunotherapy in stomach cancer patients after radical surgery].

Although there has been a sufficiently steady trend towards a decrease in the incidence of carcinoma of the stomach (CS), the problem related with treatment of this malignant tumor remains acute up to now in many countries. Presently, the surgical method, i.e.