Antilithiasic and hypocholesterolemic effects of diets containing autoclaved amylomaize starch in hamster.

The prevention of cholelithiasis by dietary manipulation was investigated in hamsters receiving a fat-free lithogenic (L) diet or this diet in which sucrose was replaced by 12 (group AS12), 36 (group AS36), 48 (group AS48), or 72.5% (group AS72.5) of autoclaved amylomaize starch for seven weeks.

Mechanism of activation and functional significance of the lipolysis-stimulated receptor. Evidence for a role as chylomicron remnant receptor.

In cultured human and rat cells, the lipolysis-stimulated receptor (LSR), when activated by free fatty acids (FFA), mediates the binding of apoprotein B- and apoprotein E-containing lipoproteins and their subsequent internalization and degradation. To better understand the physiological role of LSR, we developed a biochemical assay that optimizes both the activation and binding steps and, thus, allows the estimation of the number of LSR binding sites expressed in the livers of living animals. With this technique, a strong inverse correlation was found in rats between the apparent number of LSR binding sites in liver and the postprandial plasma triglyceride concentration (r = -0.

Inhibitory effect on the lipolysis-stimulated receptor of the 39-kDa receptor-associated protein.

Adenovirus vector-mediated transfer of the receptor-associated protein (RAP) gene into low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient mice was shown to achieve plasma concentrations ranging between 20 and 200 micrograms/ml and to result in the accumulation of remnant lipoproteins (Willnow, T. E., Sheng, Z.

Lipolysis-stimulated receptor: a newcomer on the lipoprotein research scene.

It has been widely accepted that the remnants of the intestinally-derived lipoprotein chylomicrons, i.e., chylomicron remnants (CMR), are cleared from the circulation by a receptor genetically distinct from the well-known LDL-receptor.

[Liver mechanisms for the elimination of lipoproteins of intestinal origin].

This article critically examines the concept of the putative chylomicron remnant receptor (CMR). The molecular nature of this second lipoprotein receptor remains disputed. Indeed, two proteins, the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) and the lipolysis stimulated receptor (LSR) have been proposed as candidates for this function.

Hypolipidemic effects of beta-cyclodextrin in the hamster and in the genetically hypercholesterolemic Rico rat.

The effect of increasing amounts of a cyclic oligosaccharide, beta-cyclodextrin (BCD), included in the diet on plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, was investigated in two animal models, namely in male genetically hypercholesterolemic Rico rats and in male Syrian hamsters. The distribution of bile acids in the gastrointestinal tract and in the feces of hamsters was also determined. In the Rico rats and hamsters, plasma cholesterol and triglycerides decreased linearly with increasing doses of BCD.

Metabolism and time-course excretion of murideoxycholic acid, a 6 beta-hydroxylated bile acid, in humans.

The metabolism and time-courses of urinary and fecal excretions of murideoxycholic acid (MDCA; 3 alpha,6 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid), a 6 beta-hydroxylated bile acid, was investigated in man. The study was carried out in two groups of subjects. Six cholecystectomized patients fitted with a cystic duct drain ingested 100 mg of a tracer dose of 3H-MDCA.

Biodynamics of cholesterol and bile acids in the lithiasic hamster.

By using the isotopic equilibrium method in the young male Syrian hamster, the rates of cholesterol turnover processes, i.e. dietary cholesterol absorption, cholesterol synthesis, cholesterol excretion in the faeces and urine and cholesterol transformation into bile acids, were determined in the hamster receiving a control (C) or a lithogenic diet (L) for 7 weeks.