Predictors of Hospitalization for Patients Presenting to Emergency Department with COVID-19 Infection.

: Predictors of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients have been extensively studied. However, comparative analyses of predictors for hospitalization versus discharge from the emergency department remain limited. : This retrospective study evaluated predictors of hospitalization among adults (≥18 years) presenting to the emergency department with COVID-19 infection between 1 March 2020 and 15 June 2020.

Evaluating the dynamic response and phase angle behavior of SBS-modified asphalt mixtures for enhanced pavement performance.

Bitumen exhibits viscoelastic properties, showcasing both viscous and elastic behaviors, which are characterized by the phase angle and dynamic modulus. Issues like early fatigue fractures, rutting, and permanent deformations in bituminous asphalt pavements arise due to moisture susceptibility, high-temperature deformation, low-temperature cracking, and overloading. These distresses result in potholes, alligator cracks, and specific deformations that lead to early pavement failure, increasing rehabilitation and maintenance costs.

Pellagra: An Unusual Cause for Altered Mental Status.

Pellagra, a rare disorder caused by niacin deficiency, manifests as 4Ds: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and, if left untreated, death. Though it was thought to be eradicated from the United States after fortification with niacin, there have been concerns about its reemergence in specific high-risk populations such as chronic alcoholism, malabsorption, and anorexia nervosa. Here we present a patient with altered mental status who subsequently developed diarrhea during the course of hospitalization.

Oral Cancer Risk and Screening Prevalence Among Hospitalized Women.

Background Oral cancer screenings are often on the back burner in the face of other cancer screenings. In high-risk individuals, early detection of oral cancer has a better prognosis and survival. Hospitalization may offer an opportunity to target high-risk populations.

Cancer Screening Prevalence and Preference among Hospitalized Women With and Without Obesity.

Objectives: This study explored the prevalence of nonadherence and preferences for breast cancer (BRC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among hospitalized women with and without obesity who were cancer-free at baseline. In addition, the study evaluated risk factors associated with nonadherence among hospitalized women with obesity.

Methods: A prospective interventional study evaluated nonadherence prevalence and preference for cancer screening among hospitalized women aged 50 to 75 years.

Tissierella praeacuta Bacteremia Associated With Acute on Chronic Osteomyelitis: A Case Report.

is a rare gram-variable bacillus that naturally occurs in the environment and is pathogenic in humans with chronic infections. We report the case of a 45-year-old man with a history of chronic osteomyelitis of the left tibia and recurrent bacteremia secondary to intravenous drug use (IVDU). He had previously received multiple partially completed courses of antibiotics over the past one year.

Prevalence of hospitalized women at high-risk for developing lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer screening with low-dose computer tomography (CT) has been shown to reduce the lung cancer mortality in high-risk individuals by 20%. Despite the proven mortality benefit, the utilization of lung cancer screening among high-risk populations remains low.

Objective: This study explores the prevalence of high-risk population for developing lung cancer among hospitalized women and evaluates the screening behavior toward other common cancers during a hospital stay.

Amiodarone-Induced Nystagmus and Ataxia: Case Report and Systematic Review of Case Reports.

Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic drug with a significant adverse effect profile, including neurotoxicity. While ataxia, neuropathy, and tremors are more commonly seen forms of amiodarone neurotoxicity, very few cases of nystagmus are reported. We report the case of an 86-year-old man who presented with abrupt-onset ataxia, dizziness, and inability to ambulate, 10 days after initiating amiodarone for atrial fibrillation.

Race and Ethnic Categories: A Brief Review of Global Terms and Nomenclature.

Terminology regarding descriptors of race and ethnicity have been constantly evolving. Due to differences in terminology, data collection, demographics, and group identity, there are numerous challenges in determining what descriptors are suitable and acceptable to all individuals. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has defined six racial and ethnic categories that should be used for reporting purposes.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome Presenting as Painful Weakness and Edema of the Legs: A Case Report.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune inflammatory polyneuropathy, which can be challenging to diagnose due to variability in the initial presenting features. Pain, flaccid paresis, motor sensory disturbance, hyporeflexia, and autonomic dysfunction are the typical manifestations, although atypical features, such as ataxia, neck stiffness, dysphagia, ophthalmoplegia, bulbar palsy, and isolated upper limb weakness, may be seen. It may also progress to fatal respiratory depression.

Osmotic Demyelination After Rapid Correction of Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia.

Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) is seen due to an overt rise in serum osmolality, most often during rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia. We present the case of a 52-year-old patient who presented with polydipsia, polyuria, and elevated blood glucose with rapid correction of glucose levels under five hours and developed dysarthria, left-sided neglect, and unresponsiveness to light touch and pain in the left extremities on the second day of hospitalization. MRI revealed restricted diffusion in the central pons, extending into extrapontine areas suggestive of ODS.

Hereditary Angioedema Presenting as Isolated Jejunal Swelling.

Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) is a rare disorder caused by C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency or dysfunction. Patients with HAE usually present without urticaria or pruritis affecting the skin, upper airway, or the gastrointestinal tract. They can also present with involvement of unusual sites making the diagnosis challenging and leading to unnecessary testing and complications.

Hospitalized Women's Willingness to Pay for Inpatient Screening Colonoscopy.

Background: Despite the proven mortality benefit of screening colonoscopy, ∼27% of hospitalized women are nonadherent with colorectal cancer (CRC) screening guidelines. Colonoscopy is the most frequently used test for CRC screening in the United States. Although CRC is the second most common cause of cancer death in the United States, CRC screening has not been part of usual hospital care.

Predictors of Nonadherence to Colorectal Cancer Screening among Hospitalized Women.

Objectives: Despite proven mortality benefit, disparities in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening utilization persist, especially among younger women, minorities, and low-income women, even those who are insured. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate and estimate the effects of sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with nonadherence to CRC screening among hospitalized women.

Methods: A cross-sectional bedside survey was conducted to collect sociodemographic and clinical comorbidity data believed to affect CRC screening adherence of hospitalized women aged 50 to 75 years who were cancer free (except skin cancer) at enrollment.

Colorectal Cancer Screening Prevalence, Perceived Barriers, and Preference for Screening Colonoscopy Among Hospitalized Women.

Unlabelled: Barriers to colorectal cancer screening persist despite screening campaigns, especially among women. This study explores the prevalence, preferences, and barriers associated with colorectal cancer screening and evaluates the effect of an inpatient intervention (one-on-one bedside education and handout about colorectal cancer) on screening adherence among hospitalized women.

Methods: A prospective intervention study among 510 hospitalized women, who are cancer-free (except for skin cancer) at enrollment, aged between 50 and 75 years was conducted at an academic center.

Hospitalized Women's Perspective on Willingness-to-Screen for Cancers in Relation to Life Expectancy.

Objective:  Life expectancy is an important tool for physicians and patients to determine when medical services for disease prevention should be rendered. Since patients' preference is an important predictor for cancer screening compliance, incorporating life expectancy with cancer screening preferences becomes essential. The purpose of the study is to explore the mean life expectancy duration that hospitalized women expect in order to undergo cancer screening tests.

Effect of inpatient breast cancer education and risk assessment on mammography utilization among hospitalized women post discharge.

Objective: To evaluate prevalence of nonadherence to breast cancer screening guidelines after bedside educational intervention and informed individualized risk assessment score during an inpatient stay.

Methods: A prospective intervention study was conducted among 507 cancer-free (except skin cancer) women aged 50-75 years hospitalized to a general medicine service. Study intervention included one-on-one bedside education via handout and videos about breast cancer screening and informed individualized risk assessment using the Gail risk model to predict 5-year risk for breast cancer development.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 85 intensive care patients with Covid-19 in South London: A single centre observational study.

Background: In March 2020, Covid-19 secondary to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a global pandemic.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients with Covid-19, managed in a single intensive care unit (ICU). We collected data on patient characteristics, laboratory and radiological findings and ICU management.

Capturing the Rest: Inpatient Mammography for Nonadherent Hospitalized Women.

Introduction: More than a third of hospitalized women are overdue or nonadherent to breast cancer screening guidelines, and almost a third of them are also at high risk for developing breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of coordinating inpatient breast cancer screening mammography for these women before their discharge from the hospital.

Methods: A prospective intervention study was conducted among 101 nonadherent women aged 50-74 years who were hospitalized to a general medicine service.

Regional variation in outcomes and healthcare resources utilization in, emergency department visits for syncope.

Background: Management of patients with syncope lacks standardization. We sought to assess regional variation in hospitalization rates and resource utilization of patients with syncope.

Methods: We identified adults with syncope using the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample from years 2006 to 2014.

Open versus percutaneous tracheostomy in COVID-19: a multicentre comparison and recommendation for future resource utilisation.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic placed an unprecedented demand on critical care services for the provision of mechanical ventilation. Tracheostomy formation facilitates liberation from mechanical ventilation with advantages for both the patient and wider critical care resource, and can be performed using both percutaneous dilatational and surgical techniques. We compared outcomes in those patients undergoing percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy to those undergoing surgical tracheostomy and make recommendations for provision of tracheostomy services in any future surge.

Lipid metabolic signatures deviate in sepsis survivors compared to non-survivors.

Sepsis remains a major cause of death despite advances in medical care. Metabolic deregulation is an important component of the survival process. Metabolomic analysis allows profiling of critical metabolic functions with the potential to classify patient outcome.

Subcutaneous Emphysema, Pneumomediastinum, and Pneumothorax in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Importance: Management of severe coronavirus disease 2019 relies on advanced respiratory support modalities including invasive mechanical ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure, and noninvasive ventilation, all of which are associated with the development of subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and pneumothorax (herein collectively termed barotrauma).

Objectives: To assess the occurrence rate of barotrauma in severe coronavirus disease 2019 and to explore possible associated factors.

Design Setting And Participants: A retrospective, single-center cohort study with nested case series, conducted at University Hospital Lewisham: a 450-bed general hospital in London, United Kingdom.