Characteristics and recovery trends of severe TBI patients with a favorable functional outcome at 6-month follow-up.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a devastating cause of death and disability. Outcomes following TBI have been extensively studied; however, less attention has been given to identifying characteristics of individuals who have a favorable outcome following severe TBI. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a database containing information on TBI patients admitted to a level 1 trauma center between 2015 and 2021.

Efficacy of oral modafinil on accelerating consciousness recovery in adult patients with moderate to severe acute traumatic brain injury admitted to intensive care unit: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Background: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a leading cause of hospitalization and disability in young and middle-aged adults. This study aims to survey the efficacy of oral modafinil, a low-side-effect central nervous system stimulant, in the enhancement of consciousness recovery in moderate to severe TBI patients in the ICUs of a referral trauma center.

Materials And Methods: All ICU patients meeting inclusion criteria between April 2021 and April 2023 were screened.

Evaluation the level of vitamin D and its relationship with clinical symptoms in patients with COVID-19 referred to the medical center in Bam city.

Background: Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that protects against viral infections by influencing innate and adaptive immune responses. The effectiveness of vitamin D3 supplementation in COVID-19 is unknown. The study's goal was to elucidate the relationship between blood vitamin D levels and COVID-19 clinical outcomes by examining the effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on the length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients.

Storage stability and solution binding affinity of an Fc-fusion mimetic.

This study evaluates the storage stability and solution binding affinity of a novel Fc-fusion mimetic, receptor-PEG-receptor (RpR), designed to address limitations of the current therapeutic aflibercept, a gold-standard therapy for age-macular degeneration (AMD). Using di(bis-sulfone) PEG linker as a structural scaffold, the mimetic aims to improve the storage stability and binding efficacy of the Fc fusion protein. Mass photometry and size-exclusion chromatography demonstrated that RpR, even in an unformulated buffer, exhibits superior storage stability exceeding 10 months compared to aflibercept.

Cardiac Papillary Fibroelastoma and Cerebrovascular Events: A Systematic Review.

Background: Cardiac papillary fibroelastomas (CPFs) are benign endocardial tumours with embolic potential. This article is a systematic review to identify the clinical profile, diagnosis, tumour characteristics, and treatment modalities in patients with CPF presenting with stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Methods: This systematic review was conducted using the PubMed and Embase databases, including case reports and/or series and observational studies (for a search period of up until April 2022).

The emerging roles of neuroactive components produced by gut microbiota.

Background: As a multifunctional ecosystem, the human digestive system contains a complex network of microorganisms, collectively known as gut microbiota. This consortium composed of more than 10 microorganisms and Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes are the dominant microbes. Gut microbiota is increasingly recognized for its critical role in physiological processes beyond digestion.

Characteristics and outcome of patients requiring Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Brain Injury: a retrospective analysis.

Brain swelling after Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) can elevate intracranial pressure, necessitating Decompressive Craniectomy (DC) as the preferred surgical intervention. This study aimed to analyze a large institutional database to identify clinical characteristics of patients requiring primary DC and their outcomes. We reviewed TBI patients admitted to our center from 2015 to 2021, utilizing a prospectively maintained registry.

Pre-admission opioid use disorder as a new predictor of in-hospital mortality and six-month outcomes in traumatic brain injury patients: a retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of pre-admission Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) on in-hospital mortality and 6-month follow-up TBI outcomes.

Design: This study included 2804 patients with TBI admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Emtiaz (Rajaee) Hospital, a referral trauma center in Shiraz, Iran. Finally, 1087 eligible participants were selected from included patients.

Transforming Health Care Delivery: Innovations in Payment Models for Interprofessional Team-Based Care.

By examining the strengths, limitations, and implications of different payment models we seek to inform policymakers, practitioners, and educators on the path toward patient-cen-tered, efficient, and sustainable primary health care deliv-ery. Health care payment model reform should be viewed as an investment in future health asset capacity and equity production rather than an immediate return on investment for short-term health care cost reduction.

Leveraging the strengths of a global network to adapt and sustain interprofessional education and collaborative practice during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted interprofessional education and collaborative practice (IPECP), and global educators collaborated to mitigate the impact. This report reflects the innovations of the global network InterprofessionalResearch.Global (IPR.

Bispecific FpFs: a versatile tool for preclinical antibody development.

We previously described FpFs 1̲ (Fab-PEG-Fab) as binding mimetics of IgGs. FpFs are prepared with di(bis-sulfone) conjugation reagents 3̲ that undergo disulfide rebridging conjugation with the accessible disulfide of each Fab (Scheme 1). We have now prepared bispecific FpFs 2̲ (bsFpF and Fab-PEG-Fab) as potential bispecific antibody mimetics with the intent that bsFpFs could be used in preclinical antibody development since sourcing bispecific antibodies may be challenging during preclinical research.

A longitudinal study of interprofessional education experiences among health professional graduates.

Effective teamwork and collaboration among health professionals is a well-recognized strategy toward enhancing patient outcomes. However, there is a lack of understanding on how to best prepare health professionals for collaborative practice. The aim of this research is to gain a better understanding of how graduates of five health professions (dentistry, medicine, nursing, pharmacy, physiotherapy) perceive and experience interprofessional education for collaborative practice (IPECP) throughout their health professions journey, with a focus on transition to practice.

Phytochemical analysis and immune-modulatory potential of Trichaptum biforme polysaccharides: Implications for cancer.

Cancer remains a major global health concern, often challenging traditional treatments. Natural compounds like fungal polysaccharides have gained attention for their immune-modulatory properties. This study evaluates the phytochemical properties of the n-hexane fraction of Trichaptum biforme and explores its immune-enhancing effects.

Update on the Epidemiology and Management of Microscopic Colitis.

Microscopic colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease that commonly presents with debilitating chronic watery diarrhea. Recent epidemiologic studies and randomized trials of therapeutics have improved the understanding of the disease. Medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, proton pump inhibitors, and antidepressants, have traditionally been considered as the main risk factors for microscopic colitis.

3-Year Outcomes of Balloon-Expandable Valves: 20-mm vs Larger Valves (≥23 mm).

Background: A prior Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology TVT (Transcatheter Valve Therapy) Registry-based analysis reported similar 1-year clinical outcomes with small (20-mm) vs large (≥23-mm) balloon-expandable valves (BEV).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe mid-term 3-year clinical outcomes for small vs large BEV and the relationship between discharge echocardiographic mean gradient (MG) and different definitions of prothesis-patient mismatch (PPM) with clinical outcomes.

Methods: Using the TVT Registry with Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services linkage, a propensity-matched analysis of patients receiving 20- vs ≥23-mm BEVs was performed.

Combining Gram stain and 16S qPCR improved diagnostic accuracy for suspected pneumonia and could become a new metric in the rapid diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections.

The frequency of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in hospitals and the risk of delaying effective treatment result in the culture of respiratory secretions for nearly all patients with suspected pneumonia. Culture delays contribute to over prescribing and use of broader spectrum antibiotics. The need for improved rapid diagnostics for early assessment of suspected hospital pneumonia.

The intersection of Interprofessional Education and One Health: A qualitative study in human and veterinary medical institutions.

Interprofessional Education (IPE) and One Health are two common and overlapping frameworks for teaching collaborative practice. IPE is common at human medical institutions, while One Health is more common in graduate and veterinary programs. The connection between IPE and One Health is still being explored both in scholarship and in real-world professional settings.

Obesity Paradox in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Background: Obesity paradox in cardiovascular risk prediction has gained increasing attention in recent years. We aimed to investigate the impact of BMI on mortality following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods: We performed a multi-center retrospective analysis of patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing TAVR.

Towards Improved XAI-Based Epidemiological Research into the Next Potential Pandemic.

By applying AI techniques to a variety of pandemic-relevant data, artificial intelligence (AI) has substantially supported the control of the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Along with this, epidemiological machine learning studies of SARS-CoV-2 have been frequently published. While these models can be perceived as precise and policy-relevant to guide governments towards optimal containment policies, their black box nature can hamper building trust and relying confidently on the prescriptions proposed.