Comparison of 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in metropolitan and rural areas of South of Iran.

The first step to reducing the growing burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is to find modifiable risk factors with the highest burden in each population. Urban and rural citizens may have different priorities in this regard. This study aimed to compare the 10-year incidence probability of CVD events and its associated risk factors between rural and urban areas in Iran.

Association between changes in thyroid hormones and incident type 2 diabetes using joint models of longitudinal and time-to-event data: more than a decade follow up in the Tehran thyroid study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant public health challenge, contributing to considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide, which necessitates urgent preventive measures. Thyroid disorders, prevalent in many individuals, are intricately linked to metabolic health, yet studies on their relationship with T2DM yield inconsistent results-some suggesting an increased risk with abnormal thyroid hormone levels, while others indicate potential protective effects. This study investigated the association between changes in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Exploring sex-specific genetic architecture of coronary artery disease in Tehran: a cardiometabolic genetic study.

Background: The development of coronary artery disease (CAD) is influenced by sex and genetic factors. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have linked genetic loci to CAD, mostly in European populations. The study aims to find sex-related genetic differences in the Iranian population.

Correction: Bibliometric overview of the Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS) publications from 2000 to 2022.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01392-9.].

Progression to diabetes and regression to normoglycemia in pre-diabetic subjects: results from a pragmatic community trial in a middle-income country.

Purpose: The incidence of prediabetes has been on the rise, indicating a growing public health concern, as individuals with prediabetes are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to determine the effects of simple interventions on the regression of pre-diabetes status into normoglycemia and also prevent progression to diabetes in a pragmatic community trial.

Methods: A total of 2073 (761 intervention; 1,312 controls) participants with pre-diabetes were included in the present secondary data analysis; cases with diabetes or normoglycemia were identified during nine years of follow-up.

Effect of 3-year changes in adiposity measures on the pre-diabetes regression and progression: a community-based cohort study.

Aim: We assessed the impact of a 3-year change-percent in adiposity measures on regression and pre-diabetes (Pre-DM) progression among Iranian adults.

Methods: Three-year change-percent in body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were calculated for 1458 Pre-DM subjects (mean age of 53.0 ± 13.

Optimal risk thresholds for prescribing statins as primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in Iranian general population: a benefit-harm modelling study.

Purpose: The use of statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is associated with various beneficial outcomes, alongside certain undesirable effects. This study aims to determine optimal risk thresholds above which statin therapy yields a net benefit, considering both the positive effects and potential adverse effects, as well as their probabilities and patient preferences.

Methods: Quantitative benefit-harm balance modeling was applied to the Iranian general population aged 40 to 75 years with no history of CVD.

Bibliometric overview of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) publications from 2000 to 2022.

Aim: The present study was conducted to analyze the publications of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) and assess its scientific productions during the last 23 years.

Methods: The required data were retrieved from the database. The advanced search was chosen, and the search query included terms related to the TLGS.

Effect of metformin (vs. placebo or sulfonylurea) on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and incident cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analysis.

Purpose: The current umbrella review aimed to evaluate the effect of metformin on all-cause mortality (ACM), cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in DM patients.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases were searched with special keywords. Related studies were included after screening by two independent investigators based on title and full texts.

Weight change and risk of incident type 2 diabetes: short, medium and long-term follow-up in tehran lipid and glucose study.

Background: Despite the high burden of obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in the Middle East/West Asia region, the effect of weight change on the development of T2DM is poorly addressed. Therefore, we aimed to assess the impact of 3-year body weight change on incident of T2DM over 3-, 6-, and 9-year periods among Iranian adults.

Methods: A total of 6930 participants (men = 2567) aged ≥ 20 years free of T2DM or cancer at baseline were included.

Association of Anthropometric Indices With Midlife Cardiovascular Risk in Young Individuals Without Obesity and Traditional Risk Factors.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess how early-adulthood body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) relate to long-term cardiovascular structure, function, and prognosis in individuals without obesity and with low cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) burden.

Methods And Results: A total of 2024 participants aged 18 to 30 from the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study, without obesity and with low CVRFs defined as the absence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, hypertension, current smoking, and dyslipidemia were included. A CVRF-optimal subgroup was also defined, with blood pressure<120/80 mm Hg, fasting glucose <100 mg/dL, total cholesterol <200, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <130, and women with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥50 mg/dL.

The association of body mass index variability with cardiovascular disease and mortality: a mediation analysis of pooled cohorts.

Aim: We aimed to investigate the effect of BMI variability on CVD and mortality and to explore the mediation effects of the main cardiovascular risk factors contributing to this association.

Method: Participants aged 40-65 years were pooled from three cohort studies(ARIC [Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities], MESA [Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis], and TLGS [Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study]. We employed root mean squared error of the fractional mixed model to calculate BMI variability in the measurement period.

Optimizing cardiovascular disease mortality prediction: a super learner approach in the tehran lipid and glucose study.

Background & Aim: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most important cause of death in the world and has a potential impact on health care costs, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of machine learning survival models and determine the optimum model for predicting CVD-related mortality.

Method: In this study, the research population was all participants in Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) aged over 30 years. We used the Gradient Boosting model (GBM), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Super Learner (SL), and Cox proportional hazard (Cox-PH) models to predict the CVD-related mortality using 26 features.

Impact of optimal cholesterol levels on subclinical atherosclerosis in the absence of risk factors in young adults.

Background And Aims: We aimed to assess the association of blood lipids with the prevalence, incidence, and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis among young individuals without dyslipidemia and other traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs).

Methods: A total of 1270 participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study aged 32-46 years free of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, current smoking, and dyslipidemia (total cholesterol [TC] ≥ 240 mg/dL, triglycerides [TG] ≥ 150 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] ≥ 160 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] < 40 mg/dL, or taking lipid-lowering medications) were included. A subgroup with optimal lipids within the low-CVRF group was defined with TC < 200 mg/dL, LDL-C < 100 mg/dL, non-HDL-C < 130 mg/dL, and women with HDL-C ≥ 50 mg/dL.

FeO@SiO core/shell functionalized by gallic acid: a novel, robust, and water-compatible heterogeneous magnetic nanocatalyst for environmentally friendly synthesis of acridine-1,8-diones.

In this study, we conveniently prepared a novel robust heterogeneous magnetic nanocatalyst using a FeO@SiO core/shell stabilized by gallic acid. The catalyst was completely characterized by various physicochemical techniques, including infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), potentiometric titration, energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), zeta potential analysis, and BET. The potential ability of the newly developed sulfonated nanocatalyst was then exploited in the multicomponent synthesis of acridine-1,8-dione derivatives by considering the green chemistry matrix and under mild conditions.

The synergistic effect of obesity and dyslipidemia on hypertension: results from the STEPS survey.

Background: Obesity and dyslipidemia are important risk factors for hypertension (HTN). When these two conditions coexist, they may interact in a synergistic manner and increase the risk of developing HTN and its associated complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of general and central obesity with dyslipidemia on the risk of HTN.

Higher ultra-processed food intake is associated with an increased incidence risk of cardiovascular disease: the Tehran lipid and glucose study.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death worldwide, although limited data are currently available regarding the impact of consuming ultra-processed food (UPF) on its incidence. Given the increased consumption of UPF in Iran, we aimed to investigate the association between UPF intake and CVD risk.

Methods: Individuals without CVD (n = 2050) aged ≥ 30 years old were recruited from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS).

Establishing research impact assessment in Iran: The first report from a non-high-income country.

Background: This study presents the first report on research impact assessment (RIA) in non-high-income countries, undertaken as a pilot initiative in 2021. Within it, we aimed to explore the feasibility of employing the 'payback' model for evaluating the impact of health research and enhancing the accountability of universities. We focussed on three key impact domains: 'production of decision support documents and knowledge-based products,' 'implementation of research results,' and 'health and economic impact.

The difference between 2-hour post-challenge and fasting plasma glucose associates with the risk of cardiovascular disease in a normoglycemic population: the Tehran lipid and glucose study.

Background: Elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour post-challenge glucose (2hPG) levels are known to be independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is limited data on the association of the difference between these measures and the risk of CVD. This study aims to investigate this association in normoglycemic Iranian adults, particularly in those with low-normal FPG levels.

Impact of coronary artery calcium on mortality and cardiovascular events in metabolic syndrome and diabetes among younger adults.

Aims: Whether coronary artery calcium (CAC) testing in younger individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes mellitus (DM) helps predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death independent of traditional risk factors (RFs) remains less clear.

Methods And Results: We pooled data obtained from 5174 individuals aged 38-55 years from the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults; n = 3047, year 20) and MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; n = 2127, Visit 1) studies who completed computed tomography of CAC. The mean age (SD) of participants (44.

Alterations in CD4 T Cell Cytokines Profile in Female Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Following Vitamin D Supplementation: A Double-blind, Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of thyroid cells through immune processes involving T helper (Th)1 cytokines. This clinical trial investigates the impact of vitamin D supplementation on serum cytokine levels and gene expression in CD4+ T cells from HT patients, aiming to understand its effects on Th-1, Th-2, Th-17, and regulatory T (Treg) cell-associated factors.

Methods: Female patients were randomly assigned in a double-blind design to either a vitamin D-supplemented group, which received cholecalciferol (1, 25(OH)D) at a dose of 50,000 IU, or the placebo group, which received a weekly placebo for a duration of three months.

The impact of obesity on different glucose tolerance status with incident cardiovascular disease and mortality events over 15 years of follow-up: a pooled cohort analysis.

Background: The effect of obesity in different glucose tolerance statuses i.e. normoglycemia (NGT), pre-diabetes, and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality has been an area of ongoing debate and uncertainty.