Perinatal outcomes following fetoscopic laser surgery for early twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Our objective was to investigate outcomes in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) treated with fetoscopic laser surgery (FLS) at <18 weeks vs ≥18 weeks, and to conduct subgroup analysis of TTTS with FLS at <16 weeks vs 16-18 weeks.

Material And Methods: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched systematically from inception until May 2023. Primary outcome was survival, and secondary outcomes included preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), preterm birth and gestational age (GA) at delivery.

Implication of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial perturbations in remote liver injury after renal ischemia/reperfusion in rats: potential protective role of azilsartan.

Distant liver injury is a complication of renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which imposes mortality and economic burden. This study aimed to elucidate the cross-talk of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial perturbations in renal I/R-induced liver injury, and the potential hepatoprotective effect of azilsartan (AZL). Male albino Wister rats were pre-treated with AZL (3 mg/kg/day, PO) for 7 days then a bilateral renal I/R or sham procedure was performed.

Over-the-Counter Bronchodilators Use Among Asthmatic Patients in Al-Medina Al-Monawwara.

 is a prevalent chronic disease that affects a significant number of individuals worldwide. Proper diagnosis and assessment of asthma patients are crucial before determining the appropriate inhaler for them. Many asthmatic patients self-medicate with over-the-counter (OTC) inhaled and orally taken bronchodilators, leading to overuse and serious adverse effects.

Longitudinal Case-Control Study of Active and Passive Dense Mammographic Breast Tissue.

Mammography is used as secondary prevention for breast cancer. Computer-aided detection and image-based short-term risk estimation were developed to improve the accuracy of mammography. However, most approaches inherently lack the ability to connect observations at the mammography level to observations of cancer onset and progression seen at a smaller scale, which can occur years before imageable cancer and lead to primary prevention.

Do maternal haemodynamics have a causal influence on treatment for gestational diabetes?

Background: Arterial stiffening is believed to contribute to the worsening of insulin resistance, and factors which are associated with needing pharmacological treatment of gestational diabetes (GDM), such as maternal obesity or advanced age, are associated with impaired cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy. In this observational study, we aimed to investigate causal relationships between maternal haemodynamics and treatment requirement amongst women with GDM.

Methods: We assessed maternal haemodynamics in women with GDM, comparing those who remained on dietary treatment with those who required pharmacological management.

Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Compared with Warfarin in Patients with Low Bodyweight who have Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: oral anticoagulant (DOAC) agents are becoming the anticoagulation strategy of choice for most clinical risks for which they are indicated. However, residual uncertainty remains regarding their use in preventing stroke in patients with low bodyweight [< 60 kg or body mass index (BMI) < 18 kg/m]. We have carried out pooled systematic analyses of published studies to determine the efficacy and safety of these agents compared with warfarin in stroke prevention in patients with low bodyweight.

Antiviral responses versus virus-induced cellular shutoff: a game of thrones between influenza A virus NS1 and SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1.

Following virus recognition of host cell receptors and viral particle/genome internalization, viruses replicate in the host via hijacking essential host cell machinery components to evade the provoked antiviral innate immunity against the invading pathogen. Respiratory viral infections are usually acute with the ability to activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in/on host cells, resulting in the production and release of interferons (IFNs), proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) to reduce virus fitness and mitigate infection. Nevertheless, the game between viruses and the host is a complicated and dynamic process, in which they restrict each other via specific factors to maintain their own advantages and win this game.

WAVELET-BASED AUTOMATIC PECTORAL MUSCLE SEGMENTATION FOR MAMMOGRAMS.

The computational analysis to assist radiologists in the interpretation of mammograms usually requires a pre-processing step where the image is converted into a black and white mask to separate breast tissue from the pectoral muscle and the image background. The manual delineation of the breast tissue from the mammogram image is subjective and time-consuming. The 2D Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima (WTMM) segmentation method, a powerful and versatile multi-scale edge detection approach, is adapted and presented as a novel automated breast tissue segmentation method.

Reactive oxygen species in biological systems: Pathways, associated diseases, and potential inhibitors-A review.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced under normal physiological conditions and may have beneficial and harmful effects on biological systems. ROS are involved in many physiological processes such as differentiation, proliferation, necrosis, autophagy, and apoptosis by acting as signaling molecules or regulators of transcription factors. In this case, maintaining proper cellular ROS levels is known as redox homeostasis.

Zn/Al layered double hydroxide and carboxymethyl cellulose composite beads as support for the catalytic gold nanoparticles and their applications in the reduction of nitroarenes.

Until now, many efficient catalysts have been reported that are used for the reduction of nitroarenes. However, a catalyst reusability is a challenge that is often faced in practical environment. In this report, we designed a hydrogel composite (CMC-LDH), which act as support and making it possible to address this challenge.

The Use of Data Mining for Obtaining Deeper Insights into the Fabrication of Prednisolone-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles.

The present work explores a data mining approach to study the fabrication of prednisolone-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and their properties. Eight PLC formulations were prepared using an automated adaptation of the antisolvent precipitation method. The PLCs were characterized using dynamic light scattering, infrared spectroscopy, and drug release studies.

Burden of comorbidities: Osteoporotic vertebral fracture during non-small cell lung cancer - the BONE study.

Introduction: Immunotherapy and targeted therapy have extended life expectancy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, shifting it into a chronic condition with comorbidities, including osteoporosis. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OPVF) during NSCLC follow-up, identify risk factors of OPVF, and determine the impact on overall survival (OS).

Methods: We performed a longitudinal single-center retrospective cohort study involving patients with histologically proven NSCLC of any stage.

Preparation and characterization of clay based ceramic porous membranes and their use for the removal of lead ions from synthetic wastewater with an insight into the removal mechanism.

The present study explores the use of local clay from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to prepare porous ceramic membranes (flat disk shape) for the purpose of removing toxic heavy metals from contaminated water. Four distinct ceramic membranes, crafted from locally sourced clay and incorporated with activated carbon and graphite, underwent careful and thorough preparation. The initial set of membranes was subjected to open-air sintering, resulting in the creation of mACA and mGrA membranes.

Clinical Practice Guidelines and Recommendations by the World Association of Perinatal Medicine and Perinatal Medicine Foundation: Reporting Suspected Findings from Fetal Central Nervous System Examination.

These guidelines follow the mission of the World Association of Perinatal Medicine, in collaboration with the Perinatal Medicine Foundation, which brings together groups and individuals worldwide, with the aim to improve prenatal detection of central nervous system anomalies and the appropriate referral of pregnancies with suspected fetal anomalies. In addition, this document provides further guidance for healthcare practitioners with the goal of standardizing the description of ultrasonographic abnormal findings.

Counseling in fetal medicine: Congenital cytomegalovirus infection.

Although the clinical work-up of CMV in pregnancy has gradually become more accurate, counseling for CMV is still challenging. Despite the potential feasibility of universal prenatal serological screening, its introduction in prenatal diagnosis continues to raise concerns related to its real cost-effectiveness. Contextually, anticipating the confirmation of fetal infection earlier in pregnancy is one of the most pressing issues to reduce the parental psychological burden.

Molecular Interactions Leading to Advancements in the Techniques for COVID-19 Detection: A Review.

Since 2019 the world has been in a combat with the highly contagious disease COVID-19 which is caused by the rapid transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Detection of this disease in an early stage helps to control its spread and management. To combat this epidemic with one-time effective medication, improved quick analytical procedures must be developed and validated.

Diagnostic value of PET imaging in clinically unresponsive patients.

Rapid advancements in the critical care management of acute brain injuries have facilitated the survival of numerous patients who may have otherwise succumbed to their injuries. The probability of conscious recovery hinges on the extent of structural brain damage and the level of metabolic and functional cerebral impairment, which remain challenging to assess via laboratory, clinical, or functional tests. Current research settings and guidelines highlight the potential value of fluorodeoxyglucose-PET (FDG-PET) for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, emphasizing its capacity to consistently illustrate a metabolic reduction in cerebral glucose uptake across various disorders of consciousness.

Q-switched pulse operation in erbium-doped fiber laser subject to zirconia (ZrO) nanoparticles-based saturable absorber.

In this paper, the zirconia (ZrO) nanoparticles-based saturable-absorber (SA) have been incorporated in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) cavity for achieving a Q-switched pulse operation. The implementation of the zirconia nanoparticles-based powder on the fiber facet was accomplished using the index-matching gel's adhesion effect. The incorporation of SA in the laser cavity yielded a stable and self-starting Q-switched operation under 19.

Anti-CRISPR Anopheles mosquitoes inhibit gene drive spread under challenging behavioural conditions in large cages.

CRISPR-based gene drives have the potential to spread within populations and are considered as promising vector control tools. A doublesex-targeting gene drive was able to suppress laboratory Anopheles mosquito populations in small and large cages, and it is considered for field application. Challenges related to the field-use of gene drives and the evolving regulatory framework suggest that systems able to modulate or revert the action of gene drives, could be part of post-release risk-mitigation plans.