Assessment of aflatoxin M exposure and associated determinants in children from Lahore, Pakistan.

Aflatoxins are potent carcinogenic and immunomodulatory mycotoxins, and exposure may lead to deleterious effects on human health. This study aimed to detect aflatoxin M (AFM) as biomarker of exposure and determine associated risk factors in children attending a specialized-childcare hospital in Lahore. Urine samples collected from 238 children (1-11 years) during winter (January-mid-March 2020) and hot-humid summer (August-September 2020) were tested for AFM presence using ELISA.

Assessment of aflatoxin B-lysine adduct in children and its effect on child growth in Lahore, Pakistan.

Aflatoxin B is an important toxic food contaminant and there is very little information available about its exposure and effects on the health of the Pakistani population. Therefore, children ( = 238) aged 1-11 years were recruited in this study to estimate the levels of aflatoxin B-lysine adduct and to measure its adverse effects on growth. Blood samples were analyzed to detect AFB-lysine adducts through high-performance liquid chromatography.

High doses of Antisecretory Factor stop diarrhea fast without recurrence for six weeks post treatment.

Background: Diarrheal illnesses in young children cause morbidity and preventable deaths in developing countries. We evaluated two high doses of Salovum® [Antisecretory Factor] to treat diarrhea in young children and followed up for recurrence 6 weeks post treatment.

Methods: Forty children, 6-24 months old, admitted with acute diarrhea, to the Outpatient Department of Children's Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan were selected.

Antisecretory factor effectively and safely stops childhood diarrhoea: a placebo-controlled, randomised study.

Aim: We studied the response to high doses of egg yolk containing antisecretory factor (B221® , Salovum®) in young children with acute diarrhoea, presenting to the Children's Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.

Methods: In a randomised, placebo-controlled trial, 36 children aged 7 to 60 months with acute diarrhoea of unknown aetiology, with mild-to-moderate dehydration, were randomised to the Salovum® or placebo groups. Initially, 16 grams of Salovum® or ordinary egg yolk (placebo) mixed in oral rehydration salts was given, followed by 8 g every 5 h until recovery.