Dental Anomalies in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review.

Background: Epidemiological studies have shown varying prevalence rates of dental anomalies worldwide, ranging from 5.2% to 56.9%, with a higher rate of 90.

An overview of systematic reviews on endotoxins in endodontic infections and the effectiveness of root canal therapy in its removal.

Background The objective of this overview was to synthesise the current evidence on the role of endotoxins in endodontics infections and to evaluate the effectiveness of endodontic procedures in its removal using information from published systematic reviews.Methods Electronic databases Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched for reviews published up to July 2021. Systematic reviews on endotoxins based on clinical and/or observational studies were included.

When a Traditional Medicine Customer Becomes a Plastic Surgery Patient.

Traditional medicine therapy is practiced locally in the Middle Eastern communities. The balance between benefit and harm might tip toward the latter if its practice continues unregulated. Herein is a case of a young man who presented to our clinic complaining of keloid scars that developed following a cupping therapy session.

Assessment of the Sterility of New Endodontic Files Received From the Manufacturer Using Microbial Culture and Scanning Electron Microscopic Analysis: An In Vitro Study.

Background As endodontic hand files are essential tools for root canal instrumentation and treatment, these instruments have been a constant source of debate regarding whether to reuse them or use them just once. The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the sterility of five brands' new endodontic files received from manufacturers without sterilization before clinical use via microbial culture (bacteria and fungi) and bioburden using scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. Methodology This study included 25 K-type hand files with equal numbers from five brand groups (n=5; groups 1 to 5), named Tia Dent, Prevalent, Mani, Thomas, and Dentsply, respectively.

Diagnosis consensus among endodontic specialists and general practitioners: An international survey and a proposed modification to the current diagnostic terminology.

Introduction: This survey aimed to determine the consensus amongst endodontic specialists in North America and practitioners worldwide to diagnose the pulp and periapical conditions of selected case scenarios encountered in daily practice using the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) pulpal and periapical diagnostic terms. Secondly, an attempt was made to suggest modifications in terms accordingly.

Methodology: A survey designed by two endodontic educators was sent to endodontists in North America and clinicians worldwide through an electronic database.

Herbal Agents versus Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid on Removal of the Smear Layer-A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies.

This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy of herbal agents with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) in removing the smear layer during root canal instrumentation. The research question in the present study was to assess: "Is there a significant difference in reducing smear layer comparing EDTA and herbal agents?" Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched from their start dates to April 2022 using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, and reviewed following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 guidelines. Only in vitro studies comparing herbal agents with EDTA were included in the current systematic review.

Effect of mode of rotation on apical extrusion of debris with four different single-file endodontic instrumentation systems: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated whether single-file endodontic instrumentation systems with the reciprocating type of motion are responsible for more debris extrusion than single-file endodontic instrumentation systems with the full rotational type of motion. Electronic and manual searches were performed following the recommendations of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis - PRISMA. We included studies comparing rotary (Neoniti and/ OneShape) versus reciprocating (WaveOne and/ Reciproc) systems.

Calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medication for postoperative pain during primary root canal therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of CH as an intracanal medicament compared to no dressing and / or other intracanal medicaments to control postoperative pain in patients with apical periodontitis requiring primary root canal therapy.

Materials And Methods: We conducted electronic searches in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane Library, Open Gray, and Google Scholar. A structured Population-Intervention-Comparison-Outcome of the review was as follows: Population: adults who presented with apical periodontitis requiring primary root canal therapy; Intervention: CH intracanal medicament; Comparison: no dressing/other intracanal medicaments; Main Outcome: Postoperative pain.

Morphological and chemical analysis of surface interaction of irrigant-endosequence root repair material.

This study aimed to evaluate the characterization of chemical interaction of root canal irrigants on the surface of EndoSequence root repair materials using spectroscopy analysis. Round discs of putty and paste were obtained and immersed in saline, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), or chlorhexidine. On the surface of chlorhexidine treated putty, diffuse red pigmentation was detected by Raman analysis and diffuse black pigmentation having unusual needle-like shaped crystals was detected by scanning electron microscopy.

Comparison of Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of 5 Heat-treated Nickel-titanium Reciprocating Systems in Canals with Single and Double Curvatures.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of 5 heat-treated nickel-titanium files in reciprocating movement with the same tip size and different cross sections.

Methods: Five groups (WaveOne [Dentsply, Ballaigues, Switzerland], WaveOne GOLD [Dentsply], RECIPROC [VDW, Munich, Germany], RECIPROC BLUE [VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany], and TF [Sybron Endo, Glendora, CA] Adaptive) of 24 files each of the rotary files were examined. Cyclic fatigue resistance was compared between groups by determining the time needed to fracture and the number of cycles to failure in a cyclic fatigue testing device with 2 different curvatures, the first with a 5-mm radius of curvature and a 60° angle and the second with a double curvature, coronal curvature of 60° angle and a radius of 5 mm, and an apical curvature of 70° angle and a 2-mm radius.

Incidence of canal systems in the mesio-buccal roots of maxillary first and second molars in Saudi Arabian population.

The aim of this prospective study was to determine the number of canals treated in the mesio-buccal roots of the maxillary first and second molars teeth of a Saudi Arabian population during a 1-year period in a postgraduate endodontic program. The attending endodontic faculty member supervising the case verified the number of canals in the teeth clinically and radiographically. In total, 308 maxillary first molars and 162 maxillary second molars, of which 158 (51.

Dental clinics as potent sources for screening undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes.

Introduction: This pilot study investigated the efficacy of dental clinics as potent sources for screening diabetes and prediabetes in undiagnosed individuals.

Methods: Data were randomly collected from 385 patients (aged 40 years and older) visiting dental clinics. Patients already having a diagnosis of diabetes and/or prediabetes were excluded.

Efficacy of the enamel matrix derivative to induce cementogenesis in vital and endodontically treated teeth with osseous dehiscence defects.

This experiment assessed the efficacy of the enamel matrix derivative (EMD) to regenerate cementum in vital and endodontically treated teeth with osseous dehiscence defects. Five adult female beagle dogs were used. Thirty maxillary teeth (bilateral maxillary canines and second and fourth premolars) were randomly divided into two experimental groups (groups A and B, containing 12 teeth each) and one control group (group C).

Comparison between high concentration EDTA (24%) and low concentration EDTA (3%) with surfactant upon removal of smear layer after rotary instrumentation: a SEM study.

This in vitro study compare cleanliness of tooth canal walls regarding smear layer after final treatment with 24% ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid (EDTA) and 3% EDTA with or without surfactant. Sixty extracted teeth, randomly distributed into four groups, were prepared using ProFile instruments (DENTSPLY, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), and subjected to different final irrigation solutions: group A, 24% EDTA; group B, 3% EDTA with surfactant; group C (positive control), 3% EDTA; and group D (negative control), 0.5% sodium hypochlorite.

Root-filled teeth and recurrent caries-a study of three repeated cross-sectional samples from the city of Jönköping, Sweden.

Objective: The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that root-filled teeth are at a higher caries risk than non-root-filled teeth.

Materials And Methods: Two sub-samples from epidemiologically obtained data collected in 1983, 1993 and 2003 in the city of Jönköping, Sweden, were analysed. All the participants were examined clinically and radiographically and the type of filling and the presence or absence of caries were recorded.

Caries susceptibility of endodontically versus nonendodontically treated teeth.

Introduction: The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the caries susceptibility of endodontically versus nonendodontically treated teeth in relation to dental plaque-related factors.

Methods: Twenty patients with 2 endodontically treated teeth (ETT) each were examined regarding cariogenic microflora of proximal plaque, in situ plaque pH drop after a sucrose rinse (Stephan curve), and de novo plaque formation. Recurrent caries and the quality of the coronal fillings/crowns of these teeth were also evaluated.

Evaluation of the caries profile and caries risk in adults with endodontically treated teeth.

Objectives: The present study was set up to explore (1) a potential association between a person's caries risk profile and the presence or absence of root-filled teeth, and (2) the caries risk in endodontically treated teeth.

Study Design: Two hundred Saudi adults were divided into an Endodontic Group (EG; n = 100), with a minimum of 2 root-filled teeth, and a Non-Endodontic Group (NEG; n = 100), without any root filling. Various caries risk factors were evaluated using a computer-based program (Cariogram).

Short-term cytotoxicity assessment of components of the epiphany resin-percha obturating system by indirect and direct contact millipore filter assays.

The Epiphany Resin-Percha Obturating System was assessed for cytotoxicity, compared with gutta-percha and AH-Plus sealer. Specimen disks (Resilon, gutta-percha), filled glass rings (sealers), or imbibed cellulose disks (primer, thinning resin) were placed over Millipore filters in direct or indirect contact with HeLa cell monolayer, incubated for 2 hours, and stained with tetrazolium blue. Cytotoxicity was rated by the surrounding unstained zone: none (0 mm), mild (12 mm).