Smart agriculture: utilizing machine learning and deep learning for drought stress identification in crops.

Plant stress reduction research has advanced significantly with the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, such as machine learning and deep learning. This is a significant step toward sustainable agriculture. Innovative insights into the physiological responses of plants mostly crops to drought stress have been revealed through the use of complex algorithms like gradient boosting, support vector machines (SVM), recurrent neural network (RNN), and long short-term memory (LSTM), combined with a thorough examination of the TYRKC and RBR-E3 domains in stress-associated signaling proteins across a range of crop species.

Our experience of laparoscopic vesicovaginal fistula repair in a tertiary care center.

Objective: Laparoscopic repair of vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is gaining popularity day by day, but we have limited literature on it. This study is to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and outcomes of laparoscopic VVF repair in a tertiary care center in Eastern India.

Subjects And Methods: This study is a single-center retrospective study in which 11 patients of supratrigonal VVF were evaluated who underwent laparoscopic repair.

Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Using Curcumin-Containing Self-Microemulsifying Delivery System: Macroscopic and Microscopic Analysis.

The lack of local availability for drugs in the colon can be addressed by preparing a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) of curcumin (Cur) which is ultimately used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). From preformulation studies, Lauroglycol FCC (oil), Tween 80 (surfactant), Transcutol HP (co-surfactant), and Avicel (solid carrier) were selected for the preparation of blank liquid and solid Cur-loaded SMEDDSs (S-Cur-SMEDDSs). Z-average size (12.

Quantitative analysis of loxoprofen sodium loaded microspheres comprising pectin and its thiolated conjugates: evaluation of their sustained release behavior.

Continuous use of oral NSAIDs can damage mucosal membrane, which results in decreased bioavailability and non-compliance with the therapy. But the use of sustained release drug delivery systems might offer a solution. Objective was to synthesize mucoadhesive SR microspheres by using different combinations of pectin (PEC) and its thiolated derivative (T-PEC3100) for improved loxoprofen (LS) permeation.

Omeprazole affects the expression of serotonin-1A in the brain regions and alleviates anxiety in rat model of immobilization-induced stress.

Omeprazole, a drug of choice for the management of gastric hyperacidity, influences serotonergic neurotransmission in brain regions and its long-term use is known to cause stress-related behavioral deficits including anxiety. Aim of the current study was to explore the effects of omeprazole treatment on immobilization-induced anxiety in rats, specifically on the role of serotonin (5-HT). In view of the role of serotonin-1A (5-HT1A) autoreceptor in the availability of 5-HT in brain regions, mRNA expression of this autoreceptor was performed in raphe nuclei.

Analysis of the expression patterns of AVP, IGF-1, and TNF-α, APP, CD44, IFN-β IFN A β-6, α-syn, and NFL and CLU genes in generalized and focal seizures.

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between clinical indicators and gene dysregulation in different types of epilepsy, while also seeking to identify a diagnostic model capable of distinguishing between focal and generalized seizures. This highlights the critical importance of understanding clinical indicators and gene dysregulation for targeted therapeutic interventions to effectively address the specific seizure types effectively.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the peripheral blood of epilepsy patients (n = 100) and a control group (n = 51) to determine the differential gene expression.

Comparative analysis of breeding patterns and reproductive efficiency of mares in subtropical conditions of Pakistan.

Background And Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the overall and breed-specific seasonal breeding patterns, fertility rates, cyclicity, and follicular dynamics of Arab, Thoroughbred, and Percheron mares under the subtropical conditions of Pakistan.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of climatic data and breeding records of eleven breeding studs spanning four years (2020-2023) was made to find out the overall seasonality in the breeding pattern of mares. Fifty mares of each breed (n = 150 in total) were scanned by ultrasonography for a calendar year to find the cyclicity pattern and follicular dynamics (follicular growth rate, size of ovulatory follicle, and days from estrus till ovulation).

Lipase-copper complex/chitosan microspheres; loaded with attapulgite used for the treatment of E. coli-induced diarrhea.

Diarrhea is a globally major problem especially Escherichia coli induced diarrhea becoming fatal nowadays in developing countries. Colon-targeted chitosan microspheres (Ms) comprising of lipase‑zinc and lipase‑copper complexes were prepared, loaded with Attapulgite (Cts-Li-Zn-ATG/Ms and Cts-Li-Cu-ATG/Ms) for the treatment of bacterial diarrhea. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies were used for confirmation of proposed lipase-metal complexes.

Predictive Value of C-reactive Protein in the Spontaneous Passage of Lower Ureteric Stones: A Prospective Single-Centre Study.

Introduction: Ureteric stones, characterised by their presence in the ureter, present a common yet often painful urological condition requiring timely intervention. As C-reactive protein (CRP) emerges as a potential biomarker, its correlation with the spontaneous stone passage (SSP) offers valuable insights into patient management and treatment strategies. The present study aimed to assess if CRP levels can predict SSP in symptomatic lower ureteric calculi of size 5 mm-10 mm.

Assessing myBaits Target Capture Sequencing Methodology Using Short-Read Sequencing for Variant Detection in Oat Genomics and Breeding.

The integration of target capture systems with next-generation sequencing has emerged as an efficient tool for exploring specific genetic regions with a high resolution and facilitating the rapid discovery of novel alleles. Despite these advancements, the application of targeted sequencing methodologies, such as the myBaits technology, in polyploid oat species remains relatively unexplored. In this study, we utilized the myBaits target capture method offered by Daicel Arbor Biosciences to detect variants and assess their reliability for variant detection in oat genomics and breeding.

Molecular characterization of human adenoviruses associated with pediatric respiratory infections in Karachi, Pakistan.

Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are a diverse group of viruses associated with respiratory infections in humans worldwide. However, there is a lack of research on the genetic diversity and epidemiology of HAdVs in Pakistan. This study characterized HAdVs in pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections in Karachi, Pakistan, between 2022 and 2023.

Cognitive behaviour therapy as an evidence-based intervention for opioid use disorder: A systematic review.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy as an evidence-based intervention for patients with opioid use disorder and to estimate the effect of cognitive behaviour therapy in mental health care settings.

Methods: The systematic review was conducted from January to April 2023, and comprised search on Web of Science, PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, ClinicalTrials and OvidSP databases for experimental studies and randomised controlled trials related to opioid use disorders published in peer-reviewed English-language journals between December 2022 and April 2023. The studies' quality was assessed using the Modified Cochrane Collaboration risk of the bias assessment criteria.

Drug carrier wonders: Synthetic strategies of zeolitic imidazolates frameworks (ZIFs) and their applications in drug delivery and anti-cancer activity.

With the rapid advancement of nanotechnology, stimuli-responsive nanomaterials have emerged as a feasible choice for the designing of controlled drug delivery systems. Zeolitic imidazolates frameworks are a subclass of Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that are recognized by their excellent porosity, structural tunability and chemical modifications make them promising materials for loading targeted molecules and therapeutics agents. The biomedical industry uses these porous materials extensively as nano-carriers in drug delivery systems.

Comprehensive Surgical Audit of Live-Related Donor Nephrectomy: Procedural Parameters, Demographics, Health Assessments, Complications, and Postoperative Outcomes.

Background And Objectives: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) rates are on the rise globally, including in India. However, the affordability of dialysis treatment remains a significant challenge for many, with costs varying across different regions. Although cost-effective, kidney transplantation faces challenges like a surgeon shortage, lack of infrastructure, and lack of logistic support.

A Systematic Review on the Mental Health Status of Patients Infected With Monkeypox Virus.

Objectives: This study aims to extract and summarize the literature on the mental health status of patients with monkeypox.

Methods: This review was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using different databases and publishers such as Scopus, Sage, ScienceDirect, PubMed, BMJ, Wiley Online Library, Wolters Kluwer OVID-SP, and Google Scholar. The literature review was based on monkeypox and mental health.

Towards classification and comprehensive analysis of AI-based COVID-19 diagnostic techniques: A survey.

The unpredictable pandemic came to light at the end of December 2019, known as the novel coronavirus, also termed COVID-19, identified by the World Health Organization (WHO). The virus first originated in Wuhan (China) and rapidly affected most of the world's population. This outbreak's impact is experienced worldwide because it causes high mortality risk, many cases, and economic falls.

Refractory Sarcoidosis.

A multi-organ granulomatous disease with characteristic lung manifestations, sarcoidosis generally responds well to glucocorticoid therapy but 10% of cases are refractory necessitating immunosuppressive therapy. A 58-year-old lady presented with a dry cough and progressively worsening shortness of breath for the last 12 months. On investigation, her ESR was raised but cultures, malignancy screen and TB quantiferon were negative.

Lupus Vasculitis.

We present the case of a 30-year-old woman who presented with 8-month history of intermittent fever, joint pains with morning stiffness, recurrent oral ulcers, photosensitivity, weight loss and hair fall. For the last 2 months, she had developed a dry cough with progressive shortening of breath. On examination, a cachexic lady with malar hyperpigmentation, alopecia, pallor, nail dystrophy and erythema over her hands and feet were noted.

Urinary Tract Infections in Patients Undergoing Invasive Urodynamic Study: A Prospective Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Centre in Eastern India.

Objective: The aim of the study was to find the estimate of the prevalence of urinary tract infections following invasive urodynamic studies (UDS) in a hospital setup and to identify the risk factors related to it.

Method: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in this prospective observational study after standard preoperative work, which included both urine analysis and culture procedure. The study was carried out from April 2022 to April 2023 at the Department of Urology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, India.

One pot application of a green chemistry-based finish for cotton fabric, providing hydrophobic, flame retardant, and antimicrobial properties.

Fluorinated and formaldehyde-based compounds impart excellent hydrophobicity and flame-retardant properties to cotton fabrics. However, they come with various health and environmental risks. A novel hydrophobic, flame retardant, and antimicrobial finishing agent free from fluorine and formaldehyde was synthesized.