An overview of the method, application, and various findings of computed tomographic colonography in patients after incomplete colonoscopy.

Colon cancer is the third most common malignancy in the USA with 154,000 new cases and 52,000 deaths in 2007. The current screening method is optical colonoscopy; however, the compliance rate of the screening population is very low. Computed tomographic (CT) colonography has been used as an alternative to optical colonoscopy as a screening method.

Altered cytochrome P450 and P-glycoprotein levels in rats during simulated weightlessness.

Background: In order to investigate the effects of simulated weightlessness on drug metabolism, liver, kidney, and small intestine, microsomal proteins from tail-suspended rats were analyzed to determine cytochrome P450 (CYP) and P-glycoprotein levels following varying durations of tail-suspension.

Hypothesis: P-glycoprotein and CYP levels would both decrease similar to previous findings from actual spaceflight data.

Methods: Six groups of four Sprague-Dawley rats each were tail-suspended for up to 21 d; CYP and P-glycoprotein levels in the liver, kidney and small intestine were then measured by Western blotting.