Syncope: Atypical Presentation of Diaphragmatic Hernia.

In this case report, we describe a rare presentation of diaphragmatic hernia in a pediatric patient presenting with syncope. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a developmental discontinuity of the diaphragm that causes the abdominal viscera to herniate into the thoracic cavity. It is usually diagnosed shortly after birth and is often associated with pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension, causing life-threatening conditions, or it could be completely asymptomatic.

Bi-allelic variants in HOPS complex subunit VPS41 cause cerebellar ataxia and abnormal membrane trafficking.

Membrane trafficking is a complex, essential process in eukaryotic cells responsible for protein transport and processing. Deficiencies in vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) proteins, key regulators of trafficking, cause abnormal intracellular segregation of macromolecules and organelles and are linked to human disease. VPS proteins function as part of complexes such as the homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) tethering complex, composed of VPS11, VPS16, VPS18, VPS33A, VPS39 and VPS41.

Spatial association between primary Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection and exposure to dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia.

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging zoonotic disease. Exposure to dromedary camels (Camelus dromedaries) has been consistently considered the main source of primary human infection. Although Saudi Arabia reports the highest rate of human MERS-CoV infection and has one of the largest populations of dromedary camels worldwide, their spatial association has not yet been investigated.

Spatiotemporal Clustering of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Incidence in Saudi Arabia, 2012-2019.

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a great public health concern globally. Although 83% of the globally confirmed cases have emerged in Saudi Arabia, the spatiotemporal clustering of MERS-CoV incidence has not been investigated. This study analysed the spatiotemporal patterns and clusters of laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV cases reported in Saudi Arabia between June 2012 and March 2019.

Spatial variation in the association between NO concentrations and shipping emissions in the Red Sea.

Air pollution from shipping emissions poses significant health and environmental risks, particularly in the coastal regions. For the first time, this region as one of the busiest seas and most important international shipping lane in the world with significant nitrogen dioxide (NO) emissions has been analyzed comprehensively. This paper aims to characterize and quantify the contribution of maritime transport sector emissions to NO concentrations in the Red Sea using local Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model in a geographic information system (GIS) environment.

Spatial autocorrelation of cancer incidence in Saudi Arabia.

Little is known about the geographic distribution of common cancers in Saudi Arabia. We explored the spatial incidence patterns of common cancers in Saudi Arabia using spatial autocorrelation analyses, employing the global Moran's I and Anselin's local Moran's I statistics to detect nonrandom incidence patterns. Global ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and local geographically-weighted regression (GWR) were applied to examine the spatial correlation of cancer incidences at the city level.

NO(2) and cancer incidence in Saudi Arabia.

Air pollution exposure has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of specific cancers. This study investigated whether the number and incidence of the most common cancers in Saudi Arabia were associated with urban air pollution exposure, specifically NO2. Overall, high model goodness of fit (GOF) was observed in the Eastern, Riyadh and Makkah regions.

The standardized live patient and mechanical patient models--their roles in trauma teaching.

Background: We have previously demonstrated improved medical student performance using standardized live patient models in the Trauma Evaluation and Management (TEAM) program. The trauma manikin has also been offered as an option for teaching trauma skills in this program. In this study, we compare performance using both models.

Bilateral universal nephroblastomatosis in an 8-month-old infant treated with chemotherapy.

We report the case of an 8-month-old female infant presenting with bilateral, diffusely enlarged kidneys. A diagnosis of bilateral, universal nephroblastomatosis was made on tissue biopsies from both kidneys after correlation with the radiological findings. As far as we know, this is the oldest patient reported with this diagnosis in the English literature (they are usually younger than 4 months).