Cervicovaginal and gastrointestinal microbiomes in gynecological cancers and their roles in therapeutic intervention.

Cancer remains a significant global health concern, and understanding factors that regulate cancer development is important. The microbiome, with its potential role in cancer development, progression, and treatment, has garnered increasing attention in recent years. The cervicovaginal and gastrointestinal microbiomes in females constitute complex biological ecosystems.

Are There Any Developments in the Attitudes and Practices of Oncologists Regarding Fertility Preservation in Saudi Arabia After 12 Years?

Introduction: The current practice of offering fertility preservation (FP) counseling and treatment has become one of the focal points in patient care throughout cancer treatment. The turning point was the approval of the Council of Senior Religious Scholars four years ago to freeze tissues from the ovarian membrane, the entire ovary, and the eggs for later use in reproduction to preserve the offspring. Thus, we aimed to assess any development in oncologists' knowledge, attitude, and referral practices regarding FP in Saudi Arabia.

Global Transcriptional Profiling of Granulosa Cells from Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients: Comparative Analyses of Patients with or without History of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome Reveals Distinct Biomarkers and Pathways.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is often a complication of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the most frequent disorder of the endocrine system, which affects women in their reproductive years. The etiology of OHSS is multifactorial, though the factors involved are not apparent. In an attempt to unveil the molecular basis of OHSS, we conducted transcriptome analysis of total RNA extracted from granulosa cells from PCOS patients with a history of OHSS (n = 6) and compared them to those with no history of OHSS (n = 18).

Description of cytogenetic abnormalities and the pregnancy outcomes of couples with recurrent pregnancy loss in a tertiary-care center in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), to determine other factors that may be associated with the chromosomal abnormalities, and to assess the outcomes of couples who had undergone multidisciplinary interventions according to associated etiological factors.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved 1074 couples who attended RPL clinic during an 11-year period from January 2006 to December 2016 at a single center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. All of the couples had undergone complete RPL evaluations and were closely monitored and managed during pregnancy.

Intramuscular progesterone (Gestone) versus vaginal progesterone suppository (Cyclogest) for luteal phase support in cycles of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer: patient preference and drug efficacy.

Background: The requirement for luteal phase support (LPS) in stimulated IVF cycles is well established, however drug choice, and route of administration and duration of use are not. This report evaluates patients' preference and satisfaction by using either vaginal or intramuscular (IM) progesterone (P) supplementation for luteal phase support after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).

Methods: It is a prospective cohort study done in a reproductive and infertility unit in a tertiary care hospital from March 2013 through February 2015 for four hundred and nine patients undergoing IVF-ET.

Hepatitis B and C virus prevalence in couples attending an in vitro fertilization clinic in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia: comparison with ten years earlier.

Background: Viral hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are a major public health problem in Saudi Arabia. Recent data has indicated a major reduction in viral hepatitis prevalence in Saudi population. However, there is limited data for infertile Saudi couples.

Gene expression profiling of granulosa cells from PCOS patients following varying doses of human chorionic gonadotropin.

Purpose: Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) has been used to induce ovulation and oocyte maturation. Although the most common dose of hCG used in IVF is 10,000 IU, there are reports that suggest 5,000 IU is sufficient to yield similar results. The objective of this study is to evaluate the dose dependent differences in gene expression of granulosa cells following various doses of hCG treatment.

Infertility treatment outcome in sub groups of obese population.

Background: Obesity is a common disorder with a negative impact on IVF treatment outcome. It is not clear whether morbidly obese women (BMI >= 35 kg/m2) respond to treatment differently as compared to obese women (BMI = 30-34.9 kg/m2) in IVF.

Metformin and polycystic ovary syndrome: a literature review.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition that affects women of reproductive age. Anovulation, menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, and infertility are common clinical presentations. Long-term health concerns such as type II diabetes mellitus and, possibly, cardiovascular disease, have been linked to PCOS.