Therapeutic potential of : Chemical isolation and validation of ethnomedicinal claims through and assessment of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

(L.) Ridsdale has been used by different ethnic communities to manage diseased conditions that can be traced to oxidative stress and cellular inflammations but scientific evidences to support the claim are scanty. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the antioxidants present in the aerial parts of perform their molecular docking against proteins to inspect whether the traditional uses of the plant can be validated by an in-silico approach.

Hesperidin alleviates terbuthylazine-induced ferroptosis via maintenance of mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane integrity in chicken hepatocytes.

Terbuthylazine (TBA) is a common triazine herbicide used in agricultural production, which causes toxic damage in multiple tissues. Hesperidin (HSP) is a flavonoid derivative that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytoprotective effects, but its role in reducing toxic damage caused by pesticides is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the toxic effect of TBA exposure on chicken hepatocytes and the therapeutic effect of HSP on the TBA-induced hepatotoxicity.

Copper toxicity in the liver of broiler chicken: insights from metabolomics and AMPK-mTOR mediated autophagy perspective.

Exposure to copper (Cu) has been associated with metabolic disorders in animals and humans, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. One-day-old broiler chickens, numbering a total of 192, were nourished with dietary intakes that contained varying concentrations of Cu, specifically 11, 110, 220, and 330 mg/kg of Cu, for a period extending over a duration of 7 wk. As a result of the study, Cu exposure resulted in vacuolization, fragmentation of mitochondria cristae, and the increase of autophagosomes in hepatocytes.

A Conceptual Model Relationship between Industry 4.0-Food-Agriculture Nexus and Agroecosystem: A Literature Review and Knowledge Gaps.

With the expected colonization of human daily life by artificial intelligence, including in industry productivity, the deployment of Industry 4.0 (I4) in the food agriculture industry (FAI) is expected to revolutionize and galvanize food production to increase the efficiency of the industry's production and to match, in tandem, a country's gross domestic productivity. Based on a literature review, there have been almost no direct relationships between the I4-Food-Agriculture (I4FA) Nexus and the agroecosystem.

Lower Health Risks of Potentially Toxic Metals after Transplantation of Aquacultural Farmed Mussels from a Polluted Site to Unpolluted Sites: A Biomonitoring Study in the Straits of Johore.

The present field-based study aimed to determine the levels of six potentially toxic metals (PTM)s (Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn determined using a flame atomic-absorption spectrophotometer) using transplanted green-lipped mussel from a polluted site at Kampung Pasir Puteh (KPP) to unpolluted sites at Kampung Sungai Melayu (KSM) and Sungai Belungkor (SB) in the Johore Straits (SOJ), and to estimate the human health risks of the PTMs after the depuration periods. Interestingly, after 10 weeks of depuration in the two unpolluted sites, there were 55.6-88.

The Outcome of Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney Disease Patients at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh.

Background Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is a type of kidney dysplasia consisting of many irregular, various-sized cysts divided by dysplastic renal tissue, which negatively impacts kidney function. MCDK is one of the most common renal congenital disorders seen in antenatal ultrasounds. The typical prognosis of MCDK is complete or partial involution that starts antenatally and continues postnatally.

Factors Associated With Emergency Department Visits or Readmission of Late Preterm Infants at the Neonatal Intensive Care Department, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh.

Background Infants who are born between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks of pregnancy as a result of maternal or fetal factors are defined as "late preterm infants". Compared to term infants, late preterm infants are more predisposed to pregnancy complications because they are less mature physiologically and metabolically. In addition, health practitioners still face difficulties in differentiating between term and late preterm infants due to similar general appearance.

Effective Microorganisms as -Based Sources for Biofertilizer Production and Some Socio-Economic Insights: A Review.

This paper aims to review the literature on 'Effective Microorganism (EM)' and 'Fertilizer' from the Scopus database and to discuss EMs using -based sources for biofertilizer production from socio economic insights. Based on EM and fertilizer publications on the Scopus database, all the 17 papers reviewed provided no detailed information on the -status of the biofertilizers inoculated with EM. The impacts of -certified biofertilizers will trigger the certification in food products by (a) catering for the increasing food demand due to expectedly Muslim population expansion, (b) contributing to the sustainable buying behaviour of products' consumers in the future, (c) catering for the increasing number of Muslim travellers around the world, (d) becoming a positive driver for higher production of more foods that can enhance food safety, human health and well-being, and (e) creating a cost-effective and increasing food marketability.

Biomonitoring-Health Risk Nexus of Potentially Toxic Metals on : A Biomonitoring Study from Peninsular Malaysia.

The present study aimed to assess the human health risks of six potentially toxic metals (PTMs) (Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) in 21 populations of popular mangrove snails, , collected from Malaysia. In general, the concentrations (mg/kg wet weight) of Cd (0.03-2.

Byssus of Green-Lipped Mussel as a Biomonitoring Biopolymer for Zinc Pollution in Coastal Waters.

The present study aimed to confirm the use of the byssus (BYS) of the green-lipped mussel as a biomonitoring biopolymer for zinc (Zn) by comparing it to copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) pollution in coastal waters under experimental field conditions, based on the transplantation of caged mussels between polluted and unpolluted sites in the Straits of Johore (SOJ). Four important evidential points were found in the present study. First, the 34 field-collected populations with BYS/total soft tissue (TST) ratios > 1 indicated that the BYS was a more sensitive, concentrative, and accumulative biopolymer for the three metals than TST.

Safety and Effectiveness of Evolocumab During Acute and Sub-acute Phases of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD), manifested mainly as acute coronary syndrome (ACS), continues to be a major cause of mortality globally and a significant contributing factor to the global disease burden. Elevation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels attributed to proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type-9 (PCSK9) during and following ACS puts patients at high risk of subsequent adverse events. Evolocumab is a PCSK9 inhibitor that is associated with a significant reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels through PCSK9 inhibition in comparison to traditional statin therapy.

Awareness, Attitude, and Willingness Toward Bleeding Control by Bystanders in Riyadh.

Background Hemorrhage after trauma is the second leading cause of death in patients in the prehospital environment, and intervention by bystanders before the arrival of professional rescuers has the potential to save lives in such circumstances. No studies have been conducted in Saudi Arabia till date to assess the knowledge and awareness of bleeding control by bystanders. Hence, this study was conducted with an aim to assess the level of awareness, attitude, and willingness toward bleeding control by bystanders in Riyadh city, the capital of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Correction: Yap, C.K.; Al-Mutairi, K.A. Copper and Zinc Levels in Commercial Marine Fish from Setiu, East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. 2022, , 52.

The published article [...

Potentially Toxic Metals in the High-Biomass Non-Hyperaccumulating Plant : Human Health Risks and Phytoremediation Potentials.

Human health risk and phytoremediation of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in the edible vegetables have been widely discussed recently. This study aimed to determine the concentrations of four PTMs, namely Cd, Fe, Ni, and Zn) in Amaranthus viridis (leaves, stems, and roots) collected from 11 sampling sites in Peninsular Malaysia and to assess their human health risk (HHR). In general, the metal levels followed the order: roots > stems > leaves.

Inhibitory Effect of Polyphenols from the Whole Green Jackfruit Flour against α-Glucosidase, α-Amylase, Aldose Reductase and Glycation at Multiple Stages and Their Interaction: Inhibition Kinetics and Molecular Simulations.

For the first time, α-glucosidase, α-amylase, aldose reductase, and glycation at multiple stages inhibitory assays were used to explore the antidiabetic potential of whole unripe jackfruit (peel with pulp, flake, and seed). Two polyphenols (phenolic acids) with strong antihyperglycaemic activity were isolated from the methanol extract of whole jackfruit flour (MJ) using activity-guided repeated fractionation on a silica gel column chromatography. The bioactive compounds isolated were identified as 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid (caffeic acid: CA) and 4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid (syringic acid: SA) after various physicochemical and spectroscopic investigations.

Copper and Zinc Levels in Commercial Marine Fish from Setiu, East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia.

Potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in edible marine fish have been widely reported from at least 15 different regions or countries in the literature. This evidently demonstrates the importance of monitoring the PTMs in fish fillets from a human health risk (HHR) point of view. This study aims to assess the HHR of Cu and Zn in 19 species of marine fish from popular marine fish loading sites at Setiu in Terengganu, on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, collected between August 2016 and February 2017.

Coral health assessment in Malaysia: a case study of Pulau Anak Datai, Langkawi.

The coral health of Pulau Anak Datai (PAD), located off the northwest of Langkawi, Malaysia, was assessed using the Coral Health Index (CHI) method. Three ecological parameters, namely, benthic cover, fish biomass, and microbes (Vibrio) were determined at four sites around the island in 2019. In addition, community parameters such as coral mortality index, coral richness, relative abundance, diversity index, Evenness tests, and reef morphology were measured for each site.

Assessments of the Ecological and Health Risks of Potentially Toxic Metals in the Topsoils of Different Land Uses: A Case Study in Peninsular Malaysia.

Human activities due to different land uses are being studied widely in many countries. This study aimed to determine the ecological risks and human health risk assessments (HHRA) of Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, and Zn in the topsoils of six land uses in Peninsular Malaysia. The ranges of the potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in the soils (mg/kg, dry weight) of this study were 0.

Prevalence and outcome of isoniazid-monoresistant tuberculosis at a university hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and outcome in patients with isoniazid-monoresistant complex and compare them to those in patients with non-isoniazid-monoresistant .

Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The data were retrospectively collected from the electronic medical records of patients who tested positive for between May 2015 and April 2019.

Invasive Weed as a Potential Biomonitor and a Phytoremediator of Potentially Toxic Metals: A Case Study in Peninsular Malaysia.

The invasive weed was investigated for its potential as a biomonitor and as a phytoremediator of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in Peninsular Malaysia owing to its ecological resistance towards unfavourable environments. The biomonitoring potential of PTMs was determined based on the correlation analysis of the metals in the different parts of the plant (leaves, stems, and roots) and its habitat topsoils. In the roots, the concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn ranged from 0.

A Commentary on the Use of Bivalve Mollusks in Monitoring Metal Pollution Levels.

The objective of this commentary is to promote the use of bivalves as biomonitors, which is a part of the continual efforts of the International Mussel Watch. This commentary is an additional discussion on "Bivalve mollusks in metal pollution studies: From bioaccumulation to biomonitoring" by Zuykov et al., published in Chemosphere 93, 201-208.

A Review of Heavy Metals in Coastal Surface Sediments from the Red Sea: Health-Ecological Risk Assessments.

The heavy metal (HM) pollution in sediment is of serious concern, particularly in the Red Sea environment. This study aimed to review and compile data on the concentrations of four HMs (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in the coastal surface sediments from the Red Sea, mainly from Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Yemen, published in the literature from 1992 to 2021. The coastal sediments included those from mangrove, estuaries, and intertidal ecosystems.