Subinguinal versus peritesticular diameters of varicocele veins in the supine and standing posture.

Objective: To determine the region which should be taken as a standard of measurement for varicocele veins.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from October 2018 to October 2019, and comprised patients aged 20-45 years diagnosed with left-sided varicocele and infertility having varicocele vein diameter >2.5mm on scrotal colour Doppler ultrasound.

Communicating seminal vesicles leading to indirect vasal communication: A case report.

We are presenting a case of 42 year old male, suffering from secondary infertility. Nine years ago he developed bilateral scrotal pain followed by azoospermia and infertility. At our center during vasography we found that the dye was not seen in bladder or prostatic urethra.

Assessment of Psycho-Education of Carers Questionnaire: APEC-U" translation and cross cultural adaptation of an Urdu Version.

Background And Objective: Psycho-education of carers is a part of good mental health practice. Our objective was to translate and validate the English questionnaire "Assessment of Psycho-Education of Carers" (APEC) into Urdu (APEC-U), for use in Pakistan.

Methods: Following development and validation of APEC, it was translated into Urdu after consultation with experts and translators.

Correlation between Testicular Hemodynamic and Semen Quality Indices in Clinical Varicocele Patients in Pakistan.

Varicocele, a vascular event, is associated with infertility due to testicular damage that causes abnormal spermatogenesis in males. The goal of this study is to ascertain the diagnostic significance of scrotal color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) by measuring peak systolic value (PSV) and resistive index (RI) of the arteries supplying blood to the testis and their association with semen quality attributes. Sixty prospective patients (age: 20-50 years) undergoing microsurgical varicocelectomy at a teaching hospital were included in the study.

Pattern of varicocele vein blood gases in patients undergoing microsurgical Varicocelectomy.

Background: Varicocele is known to be associated with infertility and sperm disorders. The exact cause of this ailment is not fully understood. There are limited numbers of studies where venous blood gases (VBGs) of varicocele veins were determined with conflicting results.

WITHDRAWN: Venous Blood Gases of Varicocele Veins: Correlation With Testicular Blood Flow and Semen Quality in Varicocele Patients.

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.

Doppler ultrasound findings in a patient with primary infertility and triorchidism.

Polyorchidism, presence of more than two testes in a scrotum, is a rare clinical entity. To date, about 200 cases have been reported in the literature. We report a case of triorchidism in a patient presenting with a 7-year history of primary infertility.

The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI): Translation, Validation, and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of an Urdu Version "FSFI-U".

Introduction: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a common problem, and many self-report questionnaires are available for its evaluation. Pakistani women with sexual problems feel shy to consult with their physician. A validated self-report questionnaire, in the local language with modest expressions is required for these women.

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: new identification of testicular blood flow and varicocele after treatment with gonadotropins.

Objective: To investigate testicular changes in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) after treatment with gonadotropins.

Design: Patients with HH were investigated and followed before and after treatment.

Setting: Urology and andrology clinic of a teaching hospital.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric validation of the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) into Urdu.

Introduction: Patients suffering from erectile dysfunction (ED) feel shy to discuss this issue with their physician. Self-report questionnaires are a key instrument to break this barrier. Most of these questionnaires are in English, and their validated translations in Urdu, the official language of Pakistan, are not available.

A case of Collet-Sicard syndrome presenting to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department and a review of the literature.

A case of Collet-Sicard Syndrome caused by skull base metastasis of probable breast adenocarcinoma is reported. A 79-year-old lady presented to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department with progressive left-sided tongue symptoms that she described as swelling. This was initially attributed to local disease, and a biopsy showed the patient was suffering from Necrotizing Sialometaplasia.

Management of the giant frontal sinus--a simple method to improve cosmesis.

Frontal bossing can be caused by many craniofacial syndromes, however an enlarged frontal sinus is a rare cause. Because of this the management of this condition is variable. One option is to remove the anterior wall of the frontal sinus and dividing this into segments which are then fixed in the desired position using miniplates.